Description of A New Archaeococcoid of the Genus Perissopneumon Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Monophlebidae) from India Das, Anirban Das, Bijan Kumar Zoological Studies 2022 2022-10-11 61 54 1 10 Das and Das Das and Das 2022 [857,1445,925,950] Insecta Margarodidae Perissopneumon Animalia Hemiptera 2 3 Arthropoda species kalyaniense sp.   Material examined:   Holotype: INDIA: West Bengal, Kalyani( 22.97°N, 88.43°E),  25. iv. 2021, coll. A. Das, ex.  Glycosmis pentaphylla, 1 adult ñmounted on slide ( ZSI, Registration No.12211/H15).   Paratypes: Same collection data as for holotype; 2 adultfemales mounted singly ( ZSI), registration nos. 12209/H15and 12210/H15; and 5 adultfemales mounted singly and 2 adultfemales in one vial of alcohol ( BCKV).  Etymology: The species is named after the typelocality, Kalyani, combined with the Latin suffix -ense, meaning “from a locality or place”.  Description of adult female: The description is based on 10 adultfemales (the holotype, and 9 paratypes) and measurements are only from 5 good quality slide mounted specimens only.  Appearance in life ( Figs. 1A–D): Adult females found on twigs and small stems of the host. They are large, broadly elongaled oval with anterior end sinuate, posterior end rounded and dorsum convex; covered with a whitish mealy powder. Body colour dull orange, legs and antennae deep brown, and eyes dark brown.  Slide-mounted adult female: body shape and size: Body elongate oval ( Figs. 2A, 3A), 9.5–10.5 mmlong, broadest across abdomen which is 6.0– 6.5 mmwide.  Derm of slide mounted adult female ( Fig. 2L): Derm densely crowded with small stout setae, multilocular pores and circular to oval translucent cells or areoles, generally each areole surrounds the base of a seta or pore, infrequently areoles of two setae or a pore and a seta combined; areoles associated with pores are larger than those associated with setae. Derm rather thick, not sclerotized, internally with apodeme-like thickening at the inter-segmental areas; both dorsal and ventral surfaces with a few scattered, irregularly shaped bare areas of cuticle without pores or setae ( Figs. 2F, 3F) surrounded by small setae. Dorsal submargin with ten small roughly circular transluscent membranous areas on each side, present singly at anterior of each of the seven abdominal spiracles ( Fig. 2d), on meso- and meta-thorax, and a comparatively larger one on anterior part of head.   Fig. 1.  Perissopneumon kalyanienseDas & Das sp. nov.A and B, adult females on branches of  Glycosmis pentaphylla(Retz.) DC. Cand D, dorsal and ventral views, respectively, of alcohol preserved adult female.  Setae: Small, stout, straight or slightly curved setae, each 50–75 μm long ( Fig. 2L), covering whole body, comparatively denser and longer in marginal and sub-marginal areas. Medium length to long setae with collared bases present at intervals along the margin, each 320–450 μm long ( Figs. 2K, 3G), more numerous in posterior marginal areas of the body. Macro-setae also found on inter-antennal region (numbering 10–14, each 300–315 μm long), dermal areas laterad of labium (each 300–350 μm long), surrounding anal orifice (each 170–175 μm long), and some moderately long setae also sparsely scattered throughout.  Multilocular pores ( Figs. 2N, 3I): Dorsum with only 4 typesof multilocular pores, each with thickened rim and unilocular centre of various shapes: (i) multilocular pores each 8–8.5 μm in diameter, with 4 rim loculi and elliptical to pentagonal centre, abundant throughout; (ii) multilocular pores each 10.5 μm in diameter, with 5 rim loculi and elliptical to pentagonal centre, sparsely present; (iii) multilocular pores each 12–12.5 μm in diameter, with 6 rim loculi and elliptical to pentagonal centre, rarely present; (iv) multilocular pores each 8 μm in diameter, with 4 rim loculi and approximately triangular centre, frequent throughout and fairly evenly distributed. Multilocular pores on venter same as dorsum; pores each with 4 rim loculi and both elliptical to pentagonal and triangular centres mostly distributed on anterior part of body, and pores with 5 or 6 rim loculi abundantly present around ventral cicatrices.  Antenna ( Figs. 2B, 3B): Antennae stout, each 8 segmented, 1.8–2.0 mm long; each segment bearing a few medium-sized setae. Basal segment stout, broadest and quadrate; second and third subequal, cylindrical, slightly longer than wide; fourth segment cylindrical, but thinner than preceding; fifth, sixth, and seventh segments each subequal to fourth but wider at the distal end; terminal segment longest, elongate, equal to or longer than six and seven together. Lengths of individual segments: I: 200–220 μm; II: 195–200 μm; III: 225–250 μm; IV: 175–200 μm; V: 200–215 μm; VI: 225–230 μm; VII: 200–225 μm; and VIII: 400–425 μm. Interantennal setae numbering 10–14, with lengths varying, 300–315 μm.  Eye: Eyes subglobose or truncately conical, each located near antennal base, 150 μm in basal diameter.  Rostrum ( Figs. 2E, 3D): stout conical, obscurely 3 segmented, about 400–410 μm long; apical segment with numerous long setae, each 300–350 μm long and small sensory tuft of setae at tip.  Leg ( Figs. 2C, 3C): Legs all well developed, with all the segments bearing strong setae; inner and outer edges of each tibia and tarsus beset with stout spinelike setae. Each trochanter with a long trochanteral seta, 375–425 μm long; claw single, stout, moderately curved, bluntly pointed, with a pair of simple fragile ungual digitules. Lengths of metathoracic leg segments: coxa, 700–750 μm; trochanter, 520–550 μm; femur, 1200– 1250 μm; tibia, 1230–1250 μm; tarsus, 700–720 μm long; claw stout, 150–180 μm long, moderately curved, bluntly pointed, with a pair of simple, pointed and fragile, ungual digitules not exceeding claw apex.  Thoracic spiracles ( Figs. 2M, 3E): Thoracic spiracles ventral, stout, all of approximately equal size; each 300–315 μm long with atrium 300–320 μm long and 100–120 μm wide, with about 65–75 multilocular pores.  Abdominal spiracles ( Figs. 2I, 3J): Abdominal spiracles dorsal, numbering seven pairs, present on abdominal segments II–VIII, each with a short sclerotized cylindrical tube or atrium with a slightly expanded inner end and circular opening, about 45–50 μm diameter, and with a band of disc pores (numbering about 18–21 )in wall of atrium.  Anal opening ( Figs. 2G, 3J): Anal opening surrounded by numerous long setae, each 170–175 μm long. Anal tube weakly sclerotized, long (340–360 μm), with a sclerotized inverted pear-shaped opening rim (maximum width 130–140 μm) and the rim is studded with obscured wax pores arranged mostly in a single row, some points with double pore width.  Cicatrices ( Figs. 2H, 3K): Three large ventral cicatrices present, confined within a semicircular to irregularly quadrate area, posterior to vulva; median cicatrices largest, elongate, 325–350 μm long, lateral cicatrices irregular in shape, each 290–300 μm long.  Marsupial opening ( Fig. 2J): Large, 500–600 μm in long margins lined with setae, each 50–75 μm long.  Diagnostic comments:  Perissopneumon kalyanienseDas and Das sp.nov. and  P. feroxNewsteadare similar in having a single, unique typeof abundantly distributed dermal pore that has four rim loculi and a tri-angular centre, an important character state that distinguishes them from other species of  Perissopneumon.  Perissopneumon kalyanienseresembles  P. feroxin having three ventral cicatrices. However,  P. kalyanienseis easily distinguished from  P. feroxby the following combination of features (character states of  P. feroxin parenthesis): (i) ventral derm with 4–6 rim loculi (4–8 rim loculi); (ii) Anal tube long (short), with a pear-shaped opening (circular opening), and anal opening ring having wax pores arranged mostly in a single row, some points with double pore width.  Distribution: The new species is known from Kalyani area of West Bengal, India.   Key to world species of  PerissopneumonNewstead Based on adult females and modified after Tang and Hao (1995): the key does not necessarily reflect phylogenetic relationships.    1. Derm with abundant multilocular pores each containing 4-rim loculi and an approximately triangular centre ............................ 2  - Derm without multilocular pores with approximately triangular centre centres .............................................................................. 3   2. Ventral derm with multilocular pores each containing 4–8 rim loculi ....................................................................  feroxNewstead  - Ventral derm with multilocular pores each containing only 4–6 rim loculi .................................  kalyanienseDas and Das sp.nov.   3. Dermal alveoli distributed densely, the distance between alveoli smaller than the diameter of a larger one; with a single ventral cicatrice ....................................................  cellulosus(Takahashi)  - Dermal alveoli distributed sparsely, the distance between alveoli greater than the diameter of a larger one; ventral cicatrices numbering three or absent .......................................................... 4   4. The great majority of dorsal disk pores each with more than 4 rim loculi; ventral cicatrices absent .......................  phyllanthi(Green)  - The great majority of dorsal disk pores with only 4 rim loculi; ventral cicatrices large, numbering 3 ......................................... 5   5. Atrium of each abdominal spiracle containing about 12–18 multilocular pores; derm strongly sclerotized, dark at maturity ... ........................................................................ tamarindus(Green)  - Atrium of each abdominal spiracle containing about 25–30 multilocular pores; derm not as above .........  tectonae(Morrison) 2021-04-25 ZSI A. Das & Registration No. India 22.97 Kalyani 754 88.43 2 3 1 1 West Bengal holotype