Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark Santamaria, Sergi Pedersen, Jan European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-11-26 781 1 425 B2MHX Santam. Santamaria & Pedersen 2021 [556,934,649,676] Laboulbeniomycetes Laboulbeniaceae Monoicomyces Fungi Laboulbeniales 355 356 Ascomycota species validus sp. nov.  MB#840609  Fig. 91    Diagnosis Similar to  M. homalotaeThaxt., but differing by the dark and constricted cell VI, and by the very stout, rounded, conspicuously convex antheridia, which are 1.5 times as long as broad (not considering the very short secondary appendages), each with four phialides.    Etymology The species epithet means “stout”, because of the stocky antheridia.    Type material    Holotype DENMARK–  Fyn(F)• Sprogø; 55°20.012′ N, 10°58.263′ E; PG23; on  Atheta vestita(Gravenhorst, 1806)(Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae);  7 Sep. 2013;  JP214; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-122693.    Paratypes DENMARK–  Lolland, Falster, Møn(LFM)• Gedser Odde; 54°33.687′ N, 11°57.806′ E; PF95; on  Aleochara griseaKraatz, 1856(Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae);  21 Apr. 2019;  JP1429; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-123976• ibid.; on  A. vestita; ZMUC C-F-123974, C-F-123975. –   Nordvestjylland(NWJ)• Syd for Stårup; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; on  A. vestita;  6 Feb. 2015;  JP222; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-122703. –   Nordvestsjaelland(NWZ)• Dybesø ved Rørvig; 55°58.117′ N, 11°45.004′ E; PH70; on  A. vestita;  17 May 2019;  JP1465; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-124045•  Kongstrup Klint på Røsnaes; 55°43.730′ N, 10°58.299′ E; PG27; on  Geostiba circellaris(Gravenhorst, 1806)(Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae);  20–26 Sep. 2014;  JP236; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-122716•  Stold Skydeterraen; 55°45.124′ N, 11°17.634′ E; PG48; on  A. vestita;  25 May 2014;  JP378; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-122861.    Description Thallus amber coloured, with a blackened foot and outer margin of primary appendage. Basal cell of receptacle (I) obconical, often geniculate, about 1.5 times as long as broad, almost entirely dark. Suprabasal cell of receptacle (II) small, triangular to trapezoidal, broader than long. Cell III cylindrical, darkened outwards, supporting the primary appendage and, sometimes, an additional branch borne from the inner side. Usually, each thallus includes two secondary receptacles arising from cell II, including respective perithecia and antheridia. Primary appendage unbranched or, rarely, once ramified, darkened along its entire outer margin; short to very short, not exceeding in length the perithecial apex.   Fig. 91.  Monoicomyces validusSantam. sp. nov. A–B. Mature thalli. C–E. Antheridium at three focusing levels. C–D. Respectively in near and far focus. E. Middle focus in detail with the four tiers of cells (t1–4), and four phialides (an). F. Lower receptacle (I, II, and III) and primary appendage in detail above the primary septum (a). G. Ascospore. Scale bars: A–B = 50 µm; C–G = 20 µm. Photographs from slide ZMUC C-F-122693 (holotype). Antheridia consisting of four superposed tiers of paired cells, stout, stocky, rounded in outline, about 1.5 times as long as broad (not considering the secondary appendages). Cells of the four tiers shortening from below upwards. Each of the four cells of 2 ndand 3 rdtiers bear a phialide. The “sperm cavity” is sealed by four to several cells on both sides. Outer margins strongly convex ( Fig. 91C–E). The 4 thtier bears 2–4 short, pale secondary appendages. Perithecial stalk cell (VI) 2–3 times as long as broad, narrower and darkened in its lower half. Perithecia ovoid, symmetrical, with a subacute, pointed apex. Perithecial basal cells (m, n, n’) and VII provided with “stigmata”. Ascospores with the basal cell (the longer) ending in a conical apex, and the apical cell (the shorter) bearing a rather pointed, but rounded tip ( Fig. 91G). The spore wall expands into what will become the forthcoming foot of the thallus in an almost ellipsoidal outline. Length from foot to tip of perithecium 160–181 µm. Perithecium (including basal cells) 103–116 × 49– 52 µm. Antheridium (including pedicellar cell, without secondary appendages) 57–63 × 31–35 µm. Length of primary appendage (when undamaged) from primary septum above cell III 27–73 µm. Ascospores length (including expanded sheath at basal area) 34–35 µm. Thalli were found on various body parts of the hosts. The hosts were sifted from rotten seaweed on a stony sea shore, from rotten seaweed at the base of a coastal soft clay cliff, from semi-fresh flood debris on a coastal meadow, from moist rotten seaweed on a stony beach, from dry lichens and herbs on sunexposed sandy ground, and in pitfall traps on a sun-exposed, dry meadow.    Remarks This species, which belongs to same group of  M. homalotae(see additional explanations under  M. brachiatus sp. nov.), may be easily separated at first sight by the stockier antheridia. 4988640561 on Atheta vestita (Gravenhorst, 1806) 2013-09-07 ZMUC JP Denmark JP 55.333534 Sprogo 1 10.97105 Fyn 355 356 ZMUC C-F-122693 1 holotype 4988641395 on Aleochara grisea Kraatz, 1856 2019-04-21 ZMUC JP Denmark JP 54.56145 Gedser Odde 1 11.963433 355 356 ZMUC C-F-123976 1 Lolland, Falster, Mon paratype 4988641080 [354,994,1383,1410] on A. vestita 2019-04-21 ZMUC JP Denmark JP 54.56145 Gedser Odde 1 11.963433 355 356 ZMUC C-F-123974, C-F-123975 1 Lolland, Falster, Mon 4988640804 on A. vestita 2015-02-06 ZMUC JP JP 56.57987 Syd for Starup 1 9.0993 355 356 ZMUC C-F-122703 1 Nordvestjylland 4988641839 on A. vestita 2019-05-17 ZMUC JP JP 55.968616 Dybeso ved Rorvig 1 11.750067 355 356 ZMUC C-F-124045 1 Nordvestsjaelland 4988640956 on Geostiba circellaris (Gravenhorst, 1806) 2014-09-20 2014-09-26 2014-09-20 ZMUC JP JP 55.728832 Kongstrup Klint pa Rosnaes 1 10.97165 355 356 ZMUC C-F-122716 1 4988640613 on A. vestita 2014-05-25 ZMUC JP JP 55.752068 Stold Skydeterraen 1 11.2939 355 356 ZMUC C-F-122861 1