Plectopylis revoluta Berry 1963: 13 Maassen 2001: 78 Systematic revision of the Plectopylinae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Plectopylidae) Páll-Gergely, Barna European Journal of Taxonomy 2018 2018-08-16 455 1 114 4K3PJ Páll-Gergely 2018 [617,873,1497,1524] Gastropoda Plectopylidae Plectopylis GBIF,CoL Animalia Stylommatophora 96 97 Mollusca species malayana sp. nov.   urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 987C6622-4318-4E5E-AE9C-097C21DC546F  Figs 35L–M, 44A–E, 45, 46A–B     Plectopylis revoluta– van Benthem Jutting 1960: 17 [“Limestone hill Kaki Bukit, near kampong Wang Tangga, Perlis”]. —  Berry 1963: 13, fig. 51 [“abundant in limestone hills in North Malaya”]. —  Maassen 2001: 78.    Diagnosis A medium-sized, sinistral, brown-shelled species having periostracal filaments along the upper keel of the body whorl; apertural fold not in contact with parietal callus; lambda-complex with a short connecting plica anteriorly.    Etymology The species is named for Malaysia, where most of the samples were collected.    Material examined    Holotype MALAYSIA: 1 shell (D = 18.1 mm), Perlis, Kaki Bukit( N of Kangar),  Oct. 1998, J. and Ch. Hemmenleg. ( HNHM 97469).    Paratypes MALAYSIA: 11 shells, same data as for holotype (coll. JG); 9 shells, same data as for holotype(coll. PGB); 20 shells, same data as for holotype (coll. HE); 2 shells, same data as for holotype( NHMW108117); 5 shells, Perlis, Bukit Kubu (NE of Kuala Perlis), 21 Mar. 1998, J. and Ch. Hemmen leg. (coll. JG); 4 shells, same data as for preceding (coll. PGB); 1 shell, Perlis, Wangga Tangga Valley, near Kaki Bukit, 23 Mar. 1998, J. and Ch. Hemmen leg. (coll. HA); 10 shells, same data as for preceding (coll. JG); 9 shells, same data as for preceding (coll. PGB); 3 shells, Nha-Krabi, south, Apr. 2003, Dieter Hörner leg. (coll. JG); 1 shell, Perlis, about 21 kmN of Kangar, max. 3 kmfrom the Thai border, Kaki Bukit, near Kampung Wang Tangga, 6°38′28″ N, 100°12′08″ E, in leaf litter in a secondary forest, base of limestone hill, 17 Mar.1995, V. Kessner leg. (coll. PGB); 3 shells, same data as for preceding (coll. REI); 2 shells, Perlis, Titi Tinggi Mukim, Kaki Bukit, Gua Kelam, towards Wang Tangga, near fossil locality site, live/dead collected among disturbed limestone rocks and litters near exit of cave, 26 Apr. 1996, Chan Sow-Yan and Leo Nguang leg., ex Chan 1997 ( SMF311305); 35 shells, Perlis, Kaki Bukit, Gua Kelam, 06°38.68′ N, 100°12.23′ E, 9 Jul. 1999, W. Maassen leg. (coll. WM); 4 shells (preserved in ethanol: PL009, PL010, PL019, PL020 used for molecular study), Perlis, Kaki Bukit, around Gua Kelam, 06°38′ N, 100°11′ E, 50 ma.s.l., 11 Jan. 2013, A. Hunyadi leg. (coll. HA);  1 paratype(preserved in ethanol, anatomically examined), same data as for preceding ( NHMUK20170153); 44 shells, West Malaysia, Perlis, Wang Kelian State Park near Thai Border, 06°41.98′ N, 100°11.80′ E, 10 Jul. 1999, W. Maassen leg. (coll. WM); 10 shells, West Malaysia, Perlis, limestone hill, 30 kmN of Kangar, 06°41.00′ N, 100°11.21′ E, 10 Jul. 1999, W. Maassen leg. (coll. WM); 5 shells, West Malaysia, Perlis, Bukit Air Park, N of Kangar, 11 Jul. 1999, W. Maassen leg. (coll. WM); 4 shells, West Malaysia, Perlis, Kaki Bukit, near Kampung Wang Tangga, 11 Jul. 1995, V. Kessner leg. (coll. WM); 1 shell, Perlis, Kaki Bukit, near Kampung Wang Tangga, in leaf litter, secondary forest at the base of limestone hill, 17 Mar. 1995, V. Kessner leg. ( HNHM42264); 2 shells, Perlis, Kaki Bukit, Kampunk, Wang Tangga, coll. L. Drimmer ( MMGY69644); 1 shell, Perlis, Kampung Tebing Tinggi, 3.5 kmW of Kangar, 06°26.707′ N, 100°09.1931′ E, 20 ma.s.l., 12 Jan. 2013, A. Hunyadi leg. (coll. HA); 46 shells, Perlis, Kaki Bukit, around Gua Kelam, loc. 2013/14, 06°38.674′ N, 100°12.170′ E, 45–55 ma.s.l., 13 Jan. 2013, A. Hunyadi leg. (coll. HA).   THAILAND: 3 shells, Satun Province, Ban Rae, coll. Brandt, 1966 ( MNHN); 4 shells, Satun Province, Ban Rae, 4 Jan. 1966, Brandt leg. ( ZMH45914); 3 shells, same data as for preceding ( SMF207667); 2 shells, same data as for preceding except coll. Klemm (nr. 54168) ( NHMW108223); 3 shells, same data as for preceding except coll. Oberwimmer ( NHMW108224); 4 shells, same data as for preceding except coll. Biggs ( NHMUK20170159); 3 shells, same data as for preceding except coll. Brand 1966 ( MNHNIM- 2012-2519);  1 paratype(preserved in ethanol), Satun Province, Thale Ban Nat. Park, lowland rain forest, 6°42′ N, 100°10′ E, ca 400 m, 20 Oct. 1991, M. Andersen, O. Martin and N. Scharff leg. (ZMUC-GAS-1834).  Additional material   MALAYSIA: 1 juv.shell, Perlis, about 21 kmN of Kangar, max. 3 kmfrom the Thai border, Kaki Bukit near Kampung Wang Tangga, 6°38′28″ N, 100°12′08″ E, in leaf litter in a secondary forest, base of limestone hill, 17 Mar.1995, V. Kessner leg. (coll. PGB).    Description SHELL. Sinistral, chocolate brown (or yellowish, if weathered), nearly flat, strongly depressed conical or flat with protoconch slightly protruding above dorsal surface; protoconch consists of 3.25–3.5 whorls, very finely granular, with inconspicuous growth lines on last 1.5–2 whorls; ventral surface of protoconch roughly ribbed; teleoconch with a reticulated surface consisting of very fine, dense ribs and widely-spaced spiral lines; periostracum of fresh specimens with deciduous folds on upper keel of body whorl; whorls 6–6.5, separated by a relatively shallow suture; aperture rounded; peristome thickened and expanded; parietal callus sharp; apertural fold usually short, white and never in contact with parietal callus. Four shells were opened. Lambda-complex compete; left leg and upper branch relatively short; middle portion of right leg with a short horizontal, attached plica, which is rarely in contact with main plica; short lower plica situated below lambda-complex; in some specimens main plica connected to apertural fold, whereas in others they are free (this trait is probably age-dependent). Palatal wall with six plicae; first three straight with sinuate (S-shaped) posterior ends; last plica slightly curved with its convex side pointing upwards; additional short plica visible above posterior end of last plica; fourth and fifth plicae vertical and fused together, forming a single, vertical plate, which is usually bifurcated below and possesses 1–2 additional horizontal plicae posteriorly. MEASUREMENTS (in mm). D = 17.6–19.0, H = 6.6–7.2 (n = 4).   Fig. 45.Genitalia of  Plectopylis malayana sp. nov., PL010 (NHMUK 20170153). A. Whole genitalia. B–E. Inner structure of genital organs (B = penis, C = epiphallus, D = vagina, E = diverticulum). Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B–E = 1 mm. For abbreviations see Fig. 2. All photos: B. Páll-Gergely. CHARACTERS OF THE GENITAL SYSTEM. One specimen was examined. Locality information: Malaysia, Perlis, Kaki Bukit, around Gua Kelam, 06°38′ N, 100°11′ E, 50 ma.s.l., A. Hunyadi leg., 11 Jan. 2013(NHMUK 20170153). Left ommatophoral retractor runs between penis and vagina; penis relatively long and slender, internally with parallel, serrate folds; epiphallus and vas deferens attached to penis with weak muscle fibres; no penial caecum observed; retractor muscle thick and short, inserts on proximal part of penis; vagina approx. as long as penis, but thicker; bursa copulatrix with a very long, slender stalk, bursa elongate ovoid; diverticulum short, blunt, ovoid; four developing embryos were found in uterus, the most distal one was the most well-developed, with a shell of 3 whorls. RADULA. Centrals with small, triangular cusps; endocones of laterals rhomboid; ectocones of first laterals larger than centrals; ectocones of marginals undivided, endocones of marginals mostly undivided, or divided by shallow incision.    Differential diagnosis   Plectopylis malayana sp. nov.differs from  P. cairnsiby its darker shell, thinner lip, less rounded body whorl, several additional plicae on the palatal wall, shorter left leg, and shorter upper branch of the lambda-complex. Furthermore, the lambda-complex of  P. cairnsiis never fused to the main plica (sometimes fused in  P. malayana sp. nov.), and  P. malayana sp. nov.has a small fold that is attached to the central part of the right leg.  Plectopylis bensoniis usually larger than  P. malayana sp. nov.and has a rounded body whorl, whereas the body whorl of  P. malayana sp. nov.is angled. Moreover,  P. malayana sp. nov.has a finely reticulated shell surface, which is nearly smooth in  P. bensoniwith irregular growth lines.    Distribution   Plectopylis malayana sp. nov.is known from Perlis Province(near the Thai border) in northern Malaysiaand the Satun Provincein southern Thailandonly. See also Remarks and Fig. 40.    Remarks The species collected from northern Malaysiawas mentioned as  Plectopylis revoluta( Pfeiffer, 1867)in the literature (see above).  Plectopylis revoluta, however, was originally described from the Andaman Islands. Gude (1914b)discussed the taxonomic status of  P. revolutain detail, and concluded that  revolutais possibly a synonym of  P. cyclaspis. The absence of the typesof  P. revolutadoes not allow clarification of this question, but the original description of  P. revoluta(e.g., body whorl acutely keeled) certainly does not fit the Malaysian species. Therefore, a new name must be given to this species. The sample collected by Brandt in 1966 was distributed to several museums (ZMH, NHMW, SMF, MNHN). According to the label the locality is “ Satun: Ban Rae”. The locality name “Ban Rae” probably refers to Ban Rae Kot, northwest of Mueang Satun. 2611489308 1998-10 HNHM J. and Ch. Hemmen Malaysia Kaki Bukit 98 99 HNHM 97469 1 Perlis holotype 5067810530 98 99 5067810356 98 99 5067810345 98 99 5067810401 98 99 5067810584 [247,818,610,637] 98 99 5067810577 98 99 5067810314 98 99 5067810374 98 99 5067810316 6.641111 100.20222 98 99 5067810308 98 99 5067810555 98 99 5067810478 6.6446667 100.203835 98 99 5067810414 6.633333 100.183334 98 99 5067810574 6.6996665 100.19666 98 99 5067810313 6.6833334 100.18684 98 99 5067810355 98 99 5067810474 98 99 5067810425 98 99 5067810403 98 99 5067810319 6.4451165 100.15322 98 99 5067810492 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810332 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810451 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810327 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810325 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810302 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810415 6.7 100.166664 98 99 5067810301 6.641111 100.20222 98 99