Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Vilela, Lucas Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho European Journal of Taxonomy 2022 2022-07-11 828 75 108 Mello-Silva & D. M. Johnson Mello-Silva & D. M. Johnson [451,1137,1445,1472] Magnoliopsida Annonaceae Hornschuchia Plantae Magnoliales 16 91 Tracheophyta species mediterranea   Figs 4B–C, 5   Phytotaxa483 (3): 286, figs 1–2 ( Mello-Silva et al.2021).    Type: BRAZIL–  Bahia• “ Jussari. Fazenda São Roque,  2.8 kmem estrada vicinal à direita da estrada Jussari-Palmira, entrada a 13.8 kmalém da ponte sobre o rio Piabanha, na saída de Jussari (entrada à esquerda a 2 kmde Palmira no sentido Palmira – Jussari), mata semidecidual de encosta, antropizada”; 15°08′17.4″ S 39°34′16.8″ W; alt.  211 m;  28 Oct. 2008;  R. Mello-Silva3138; holotype: SPF[ SPF00220462]!; isotypes: CEPEC!, K!, NY!, OWU!, RB!, W!.   Material examined   BRAZIL–  Bahia• “ Antônio Cardoso,  20 kmde Feira de Santana, na BR-116, Fazenda Sossego”; 12°21′56″ S, 39°06′33″ W;  11 Aug. 1999;  E. Melloet al. 2774; SPF! • “ Jussari, ca 2.5 kmN of Palmira on road connecting Palmira to the Itaju do Colonia-Itapé road, Fazenda São Roque( owner Luis Fernando Verde)”; 15°08.3′ S, 39°34.3′ W; alt.  300–450 m;  2 Feb 1999;  W.W. Thomas11935; SPF! • ibid.; 15°08.476′ S, 39°34.749′ W; alt.  250–300 m;  14 Mar. 2001;  W.W. Thomas12313; SPF! • “ Fazenda Serra do Teimoso, Reserva Serra do Teimoso”; 15°09′12″ S, 39°31′50″ W;  16 Mar. 2003;  W.W. Thomas13393; SPF! • “ Mundo Novo, entrada para a cidade próximo a BA-052 (Estrada do Feijão)”; 11°52′35″ S, 40°27′9″ W; alt.  465 m;  11 Aug. 1999;  E. Melloet al. 2784; SPF!.    Description Shrubs or trees, 1.5–8 mtall. Leaves chartaceous to coriaceous, petiole 2–6 mmlong, lamina 4.4– 15.5 × 2.3–5.8 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, narrowly ovate or lanceolate to oblanceolate, adaxial surface glabrous and abaxial surface glabrous to glabrescent, base cuneate to acute, apex attenuate to acute, slightly acuminate or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 7–12 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40–60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, axillary, supra-axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 4–6 mmlong, flower buds 3–6 × 1–3 mm, globose to ovoid to conical with acute apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate to triangular, 3–6 × 4–7 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, rarely yellowish, 6–9 mmlong, covered in trichomes, stamens 3–6, 2–3 × ca 1 mmlong, carpels 5–8, 2–3 mmlong. Monocarps 2–5, globose to ellipsoid, 8–13 × 5–9 mm, densely covered in trichomes, sessile, calyx caducous. Seeds 3–4, wide obovoid to ellipsoid, 7–7.2 × 4 mm, obovoid to ellipsoid, brownish, rugose, with aril.    Distribution and habitat   Hornschuchia mediterraneaoccurs inland in Bahia. It inhabits seasonal semideciduous forest, seasonal deciduous forest and lowland tropical moist forest ( Gouvêa et al.1976; Thomas & Barbosa 2008), with one occurrence near the Caatinga domain, a xeric vegetation type, in the municipality of Mundo Novo ( Figs 5, 7A).    Phenology Flowering from February to April and fruiting from February to August.    Preliminary conservation status Endangered, EN B2ab(iii) ( Mello-Silva et al.2021).    Notes   Hornschuchia mediterraneais similar to  H. mellosilvaein its larger calyx and globose, rounded or conical floral bud ( Fig. 4B–C). However,  H. mediterraneahas smaller petals ( 6–9 mmlong vs 9–24 mmlong) fewer stamens (3–6 vs 10), more carpels (5–8 vs 4) and globose to ellipsoid monocarps, 6–11 × 3–9 mm, with rounded apex and densely covered in trichomes (vs obloid with acute apex, 20–24 × 9–12 mm, glabrous). 3862607462 mata semidecidual de encosta, antropizada 2008-10-28 SPF, CEPEC, K, NY, OWU, RB, W R. Mello-Silva Brazil 211 -15.138166 Jussari 1 -39.57133 16 91 SPF00220462 1 Bahia holotype 3862607427 1999-08-11 SPF E. Mello Brazil Antonio Cardoso -12.365556 Antonio Cardoso 21 -39.109165 Feira de Santana 16 91 1 Bahia 3862607418 1999-02-02 SPF W. W. Thomas Brazil Jussari 375 -15.138333 Fazenda Sao Roque 128 -39.571667 Palmira 16 91 1 Bahia 3862607465 [191,1261,1962,1991] 2001-03-14 SPF W. W. Thomas Brazil Jussari 275 -15.141267 Itaju do Colonia-Itape 1 -39.57915 Palmira 16 91 1 Bahia 3862607389 2003-03-16 SPF W. W. Thomas Brazil 17 92 -15.153333 Reserva Serra do Teimoso 21 -39.530556 Fazenda Serra do Teimoso 16 91 1 Bahia 3862607337 1999-08-11 SPF E. Mello Brazil 465 -11.876389 Mundo Novo 21 -40.4525 Mundo Novo 17 92 1 Bahia