The new spider genus Palindroma, featuring a novel synapomorphy for the Zodariidae (Araneae) Rudy Jocqué Arnaud Henrard European Journal of Taxonomy 2015 2015-11-13 152 1 33 4C55B Jocqué & Henrard, 2015 [590,883,918,945] Arachnida Zodariidae Palindroma Animalia Araneae 4 5 Arthropoda species morogorom gen. et sp. nov  urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:20ACA48F-42F0-403C-A81A-21425B87484C  Figs 1A–F, 2A–D, 3A–G, 4A–D, 5A–C, 16, 17A–E    Diagnosis The male of  P. morogoromgen. et sp. nov. can be recognized by the long, strongly tapered RTA. The female has a characteristic epigyne with central depression showing two dark areas, flanked by a kidneyshaped area on either side and the inverted funnel-shaped pattern in front.    Etymology The species name is an arbitrary combination of letters forming a noun in apposition and containing ‘morogoro’, the region where the typeswere found.    Material examined    Holotype   TANZANIA: ♂, Uzungwa Mts, Morogoro Region, Mwanihana Forest, 7°44’29.2” S, 36°53’17.7” E,  1800–1850 m,  25–29 Sep.1984, montane rain forest, pitfall trap, N. Scharff( ZMUC).    Paratypes   TANZANIA: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, together with holotype;  4 ♂♂, as previous;  1 ♂, as previous;  1 ♂, as previous;  4 ♂♂, as previous;  5 ♂♂, as previous ( 2 ♂♂in MRAC 244094);  1 ♀,  28–29 Sep. 1984, further as previous;  1 ♂, 7°44’41.5” S, 36°53’12.9” E,  1650 m, further as previous;  1 ♂, as previous;  4 ♂♂, as previous;  1 ♂,  1650 m,  25–29 Sep. 1984, further as previous.   Other material   TANZANIA: 3 ♂♂, Uzungwa Mts, Iringa Region, Mufundi-Kigogo Forest Reserve, 8°40’00.5” S, 35°12’35.2” E,  1900 m,  7–15 Oct. 1984, montane rain forest, pitfall trap, N. Scharff( ZMUC);  2 ♂♂, as previous;  3 ♂♂, as previous;  1 ♀,  1700 m,  5–10 Oct. 1984, further as previous;  1 ♂, as previous;  1 ♂, 8°40’53.5” S, 35°14’59.1” E,  1700 m,  8–10 Oct. 1984, further as previous;  1 ♀, Uzungwa Mts, Iringa Region, Uzungwa Scarp Forest above Chita village, 8°40’53.5” S, 35°12’35.2” E,  750 m,  23 Oct.–14 Nov. 1984, lowland rain forest, N. Scharff( ZMUC);  1 ♂,  1600–1650 m,  8–13 Nov. 1984, montane rain forest, further as previous;  1 ♂, 1 ♀, Iringa district, Uzungwa scarp Forest Reserve, 11 kmE of Masisiwe village, Kihanga stream,  1800 m, 8°22’05.7” S, 35°58’41.6” E,  17–27 May 1997, ZMUC;  1 ♀, Uluguru Mts, Bunduki, Moy Mgeta, 7°20’ S, 37°38’ E,  30 Apr.–2 May 1957, P. Basilewsky& N. Leleup( MRAC 111892).    Note Georeferences of the collections made in 1984 are approximations.    Description  Male( holotype) Total length 8.02; carapace 4.05 long, 2.77 wide, narrowed to 1.35 ineye region.   Fig. 2. — A–D.  Palindroma morogoromgen. et sp. nov. Scanning electron miocrographs. A–B. ♂ from Kigogo Reserve. C-D. ♀ from Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve, paratype.A. ♂ palp, expanded, retrolateral view. B. Idem, anterolateral view. Arrow shows tegular retrolateral boss. C. Epigyne, digested, dorsal view. D. Idem, detail. — E–F.  Palindroma avonovagen. et sp. nov., paratype, ♀. E. Epigyne, digested, dorsal view F. Idem, detail. Scale bars: A–C, E = 200 mm, D, F = 100 mm. Colour: carapace and chelicerae medium brown without silvery setae ( Fig. 3A, C–D); legs and sternum brownish orange ( Fig. 3B); abdomen dorsum grey with pair of adjacent pale spots in front, a pair of pale spots in the middle followed by white bar and spot in front of spinnerets; four reddish apodemes in frontal half clearly delimited and two above the pedicel ( Fig. 3A); sides grey with well delimited frontal apodemes; venter grey with lateral rows of apodemes and two rows of small apodemes behind well developed brownish epiandrum. Tracheal spiracle with small rectangular scutum followed by white membranous area in front of yellowish brown spinnerets. Carapace granulated, cervical grooves slightly smoother ( Fig. 3A). Clypeus with dispersed setae. Eyes: AME: 0.12; ALE: 0.12; ALE-ALE: 0.21; AME-ALE: 0.16; PME: 0.12; PLE: 0.15; PME-PME: 0.13; PME-PLE: 0.31. Clypeus 0.54 or 4.5 times width of ALE. Chilum double, each sclerite 0.10 high, 0.33 wide; no setae. Sternum shield-shaped, 1.42 long, 1.35 wide. Legs: anterior tarsi longer than metatarsi.   Fig. 3.  Palindroma morogoromgen. et sp. nov. A–D. Paratype, ♂. E–G. Paratype, ♀. A. ♂, habitus, dorsal view. B. Idem, ventral view. C. Idem, lateral view. D. Idem, frontal view. E. ♀, habitus, dorsal view. F. Idem, ventral view. G. Idem, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Spination     F  P  T  Mt  I d3 - pl1 dw3  II d3 - pl1 dw2  III d3 pl3d2rl1 pl2d45rl 1v3 d1dw5  IV d1 pl3d3rl1 pl2d5rl 21v2 5dispdw5   Fig. 4.  Palindroma morogoromgen. et sp. nov. A–B. Paratype, ♂. C–D. Paratype, ♀. A. ♂, palp, retrolateral view. B. Idem, ventral view. C. ♀, epigyne, ventral view. D. Idem, cleared in methylsalicylate, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Leg measurements     F  P  T  Mt  t  Total  I 2.10 0.91 1.61 1.33 1.40 7.35  II 1.82 0.91 1.26 1.19 0.98 6.16  III 1.89 1.05 1.26 1.26 0.91 6.37  IV 2.24 1.05 1.89 2.17 1.26 8.61 Male palp ( Figs 2A–B, 4A–B, 5A–B): RTA with broad base strongly tapered to sharp extremity turned upward and outward; cymbium with several spines in distal half; subtegulum strongly sclerotized; tegulum with retrolateral knob; embolus originating on prolateral distal part of tegulum, broad at base, strongly tapered to sinuous sharp tip.  Female( paratypecollected with holotype) Total length 9.30; carapace 4.12 long, 2.41 wide, narrowed to 1.70 ineye region. Colour: carapace chestnut brown with few silvery setae ( Fig. 3E–G); chelicerae medium brown, sternum and legs orange brown; abdomen as in male but apodemes less well marked. Carapace smooth. Clypeus with dispersed setae. Eyes: AME: 0.13; ALE: 0.13; ALE-ALE: 0.31; AME-ALE: 0.23; PME: 0.15; PLE: 0.18; PME-PME: 0.14; PME-PLE: 0.38. Clypeus 0.59 or 4.5 times width of ALE.   Fig. 5.  Palindroma morogoromgen. et sp. nov. A–B. Holotype, ♂. C. Paratype, ♀. A. ♂, palp, retrolateral view. B. Idem, ventral view. C. ♀, epigyne, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B = 1mm, C = 0.5 mm. Chilum double, each sclerite 0.10 high, 0.33 wide; no setae. Sternum shield-shaped, 1.42 long, 1.42 wide. Legs: Anterior tarsi not modified, shorter than metatarsi. Spination     F  P  T  Mt  I d3 - pl1 pl1  II d3 - - dw3  III d3 pl3d3rl1 pl2d4rl 1v2-2-1 d1r11dw5  IV d1 pl4d3rl1 pl2d5rl 2v2-2-1 6disp dw5  Leg measurements     F  P  T  Mt  t  Total  I 2.31 0.98 1.75 1.33 1.26 7.63  II 1.54 0.91 1.40 1.19 1.05 6.09  III 1.89 1.05 1.26 1.47 1.05 6.72  IV 2.31 1.19 1.96 2.31 1.26 9.03 Palp with pectinated claw turned inward over 45°. Tarsus provided with eight retrolateral spines. Epigyne ( Figs 2C–D, 4C–D, 5C): central depression with two dark areas; large kidney-shaped area on either side; inverted funnel-shaped pattern in front.    Distribution Known from the Uzungwa and Uluguru Mts. in Tanzania ( Fig. 16). 1434660243 montane rain forest 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts 1 36.888252 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region holotype 1434660241 [227,796,1602,1628] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 TANZANIA 1 36.888252 4 5 3 1 2 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660256 [807,1023,1602,1628] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 4 4 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660242 [1034,1227,1602,1628] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660279 [1238,1432,1602,1628] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660264 [227,453,1637,1664] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 4 4 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660250 [468,690,1637,1664] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 5 5 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660255 [700,1021,1637,1664] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap MRAC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 MRAC 244094 2 2 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660259 1984-09-28 1984-09-29 1984-09-28 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1825 -7.7414446 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.888252 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660278 [345,1101,1672,1699] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1650 -7.7448616 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.886917 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660266 [1114,1315,1672,1699] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1650 -7.7448616 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.886917 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660272 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1650 -7.7448616 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.886917 4 5 4 4 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660268 [343,942,1707,1734] 1984-09-25 1984-09-29 1984-09-25 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1650 -7.7448616 Uzungwa Mts, Mwanihana Forest, montane rain forest 1 36.886917 4 5 1 1 Morogoro Region paratype 1434660276 montane rain forest 1984-10-07 1984-10-15 1984-10-07 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1900 -8.666806 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.209778 4 5 3 3 Iringa Region 1434660249 montane rain forest 1984-10-07 1984-10-15 1984-10-07 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1900 -8.666806 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.209778 4 5 2 2 Iringa Region 1434660247 [344,563,1878,1905] montane rain forest 1984-10-07 1984-10-15 1984-10-07 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1900 -8.666806 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.209778 4 5 3 3 Iringa Region 1434660261 [575,1163,1878,1905] montane rain forest 1984-10-05 1984-10-10 1984-10-05 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1700 -8.666806 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.209778 4 5 1 1 Iringa Region 1434660275 [1175,1372,1878,1905] montane rain forest 1984-10-05 1984-10-10 1984-10-05 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1700 -8.666806 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.209778 4 5 1 1 Iringa Region 1434660281 montane rain forest 1984-10-08 1984-10-10 1984-10-08 pitfall trap ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1700 -8.681528 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.249752 4 5 1 1 Iringa Region 1434660273 lowland rain forest 1984-10-23 1984-11-14 1984-10-23 ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 750 -8.681528 Uzungwa Mts 1 35.209778 4 5 1 1 Iringa Region 1434660274 montane rain forest 1984-11-08 1984-11-13 1984-11-08 ZMUC N. Scharff Tanzania 1625 -8.681528 montane rain forest 1 35.209778 4 5 1 1 Iringa Region 1434660267 1997-05-17 1997-05-27 1997-05-17 ZMUC Tanzania 1800 5 6 -8.36825 Uzungwa scarp Forest Reserve, 11 km E of Masisiwe village, Kihanga stream 1 35.97822 4 5 2 1 1 Iringa district 1434660265 1957-04-30 1957-05-02 1957-04-30 MRAC P. Basilewsky & N. Leleup Tanzania -7.3333335 Uluguru Mts, Bunduki, Moy Mgeta 1303 37.633335 5 6 MRAC 111892 1 1 Iringa District