Bothriocephalidean tapeworms (Cestoda) of freshwater fish in Africa, including erection of Kirstenella n. gen. and description of Tetracampos martinae n. sp. Kuchta, Roman Burianová, Alena Jirkú, Miloslav Chambrier, Alain Oros, Mikuláš Brabec, Jan Scholz, Tomáš Zootaxa 2012 2012-05-11 3309 1 35 Wedl, 1861 Wedl 1861 [151,450,151,177] Cestoda Ptychobothriidae Tetracampos GBIF Animalia Pseudophyllidea 23 24 Platyhelminthes genus   Amended diagnosis: Bothriocephalidea, Bothriocephalidae. Small worms. Segmentation present. Strobila with acraspedote or slightly craspedote segments. Inner longitudinal musculature formed by numerous diffused muscle fibres. Scolex elongate to ovoid, with maximum width near middle part or slightly posteriorly. Bothria shallow, elongate. Apical disc weakly developed, armed with small hooks. Testes not numerous, large, in two lateral fields, continuous between segments. Cirrus-sac spherical; cirrus unarmed. Genital pore dorsal, median. Ovary bilobed, circular biscuit-shaped, with very wide lateral lobes. Vagina posterior to cirrus-sac. Vitelline follicles not numerous, difficult to observe, medullary, externally protruding among innermost fibres of internal longitudinal musculature, in two lateral fields on dorsal and ventral side, may absent in immature and most gravid segments. Uterine duct short. Uterus thin-walled, compact, markedly enlarging in gravid segments to occupy almost all space of terminal segments. Uterine pore slightly submedian. Eggs oval to spherical, with external hyaline membrane and internal granular layer surrounding fully formed oncospheres in terminal segments; eggs enlarging during their development in uterus, with fully formed oncosphere armed with three pairs of embryonic hooks. In freshwater catfishes (  Clarias,  Bagrus). Endemic to Africa, introduced to Asia.    Typespecies:  T. ciliotheca Wedl, 1861.   Additional species:  T. martinaeKuchta, n. sp.