Pengmarengo, Wang & Li, 2022

Wang, Cheng & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, A new genus and nine species of jumping spiders from Hainan Island, China (Araneae, Salticidae), ZooKeys 1118, pp. 39-72 : 39

Genus Pengmarengo gen. nov.

Type species.

Pengmarengo yangi sp. nov. from China.

Etymology.

The generic name is a combination of the first name of Prof. Xianjin Peng, a renowned jumping spider expert, and the related genus Marengo . The gender is feminine.

Diagnosis.

Pengmarengo gen. nov. can be easily distinguished from Ballini genera except for Afromarengo , Indomarengo , Leikung , and Marengo by the presence of ventral, leaf-like scales on tibiae I ( Benjamin 2004; Azarkina and Haddad 2020). It can be easily distinguished from Leikung by the not raised PME and only five macrosetae on tibiae I, whereas PME is raised and there are eight macrosetae on tibiae I in Leikung ( Benjamin 2004: fig. 49D). It differs from the other three genera by the: (1) unmodified femora I, whereas enlarged in Afromarengo , and Marengo ( Azarkina and Haddad 2020: figs 90, 91, 97-99, 105, 106, 112, 113; Wanless 1978: figs 1C, 3E, 10E); (2) very flat carapace, which is> 3 × longer than wide in lateral view, with the facial length almost equal to the AME diameter, and without a distinct clypeus, whereas carapace is <3 × longer than wide in lateral view, with facial length greater than the AME diameter and with a distinct clypeus in the three genera ( Wanless 1978: figs 1D, 3D; Benjamin 2004: figs 38C, 39A; Azarkina and Haddad 2020: figs 88, 89, 94, 96, 103, 104, 110, 111, 121, 122, 142, 143); (3) the presence of pair of white patches on the dorsum of abdomen, whereas absent in Afromarengo , and Indomarengo ( Benjamin 2004: figs 38A, 41C, 42E; Azarkina and Haddad 2020: figs 87, 92 100, 108, 119, 142); (4) specific form of the copulatory ducts which extend posterolaterally before reversing direction completely or partly, causing the copulatory ducts to overlap anteromedially, and the prominent spermathecae, whereas copulatory ducts do not overlap and spermathecae are not prominent in the three genera ( Wanless 1978: figs 1J, 3C; Benjamin 2004: fig. 39C; Azarkina and Haddad 2020: figs 83, 138).

Description.

Small to medium spiders, both sexes with similar habitus. Carapace flat,> 3 × longer than wide in lateral view, covered with small papillae and larger piliferous papillae, usually with four clusters of white scales, of which two postero-lateral to AMEs and other two posterolaterally located on thorax. Fovea and clypeus indistinct. Chelicerae yellow to red-brown, with two promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Endites longer than wide, with pale ental sides bearing dark setae. Labium usual shape. Sternum elongated, sub-fusiform. Legs I robust, with enlarged tibia with a cluster of ventral, leaf-like scales and five ventral macrosetae in both sexes, other legs pale to yellow, mostly with dark brown stripes laterally on femora and tibiae. Abdomen elongated,> 2.5 × longer than wide, slightly constricted at anterior 1/3 in males, dorsum with pair of white patches of setae laterally behind constriction, entirely covered by scutum in males, and with sub-trapeziform scutum near anterior margin in females.

Palp: tibia wider than long, with bar-shaped RTA of varying lengths; bulb bulging, divided by a cleft; embolus short, coiled <2 ×, associated with disc process or not. Epigyne: longer than wide; atria paired, oval, with arc-shaped anterior ridge; copulatory ducts long, extending posterolaterally before reversing direction completely or partly, causing ducts to overlap anteromedially; spermathecae prominent, L- or U-shaped, with or without hemispherical processes at anterior margins; fertilization ducts originating from the median or anterior portions of longitudinal parts of spermathecae.

Distribution.

China (Hainan, Yunnan, Taiwan), Indonesia.

Composition.

Pengmarengo is a tribe Ballini genus, and currently includes five species: P. chelifer (Simon, 1900), comb. nov. (transferred from Philates ), P. elongata (Peng & Li, 2002), comb. nov. (transferred from Tauala ), P. wengnan (Wang & Li, 2022), comb. nov. (transferred from Indomarengo , see Wang and Li 2022), P. yangi sp. nov., and P. yui (Wang & Li, 2020), comb. nov. (transferred from Indomarengo ).

Comments.

P. yui and P. wengnan are transferred because they are sharing similar habitus and copulatory organs with generotype, especially in having the partly overlapped copulatory ducts and prominent, L-shaped spermathecae. P. chelifer possesses a series of characters, such as the presence of ventral scales of tibial I (rather than ventral setae in Philates ), with sub-trapeziform scutum on the dorsum of abdomen in female, the flat carapace, pair of white patches of setae laterally on the dorsum of abdomen, and anteromedially overlapped copulatory ducts ( Benjamin 2004: figs 25D, 26B, C, 27A-C), which are consistent with the generotype, and so, it also being transferred. According to the diagnostic drawings ( Peng 2020: fig. 344), P. elongata is a Ballini species. Moreover, it has very flat carapace and anteromedially overlapped copulatory ducts. Based on that, we also transferred it into the new genus.