Spiracme lendli (Kulczyński, 1897) Gallé-Szpisjak & Gallé & Szabó & Szűts, 2024

Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett, Gallé, Róbert, Szabó, Krisztián & Szűts, Tamás, 2024, On the identity and placement of Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897 (Araneae, Thomisidae): an integrative approach, Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (3), pp. 1017-1028 : 1017-1028

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3897/zse.100.125826
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B38CF174-7F50-41FC-B520-2217BE1665D6
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12820347
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE21624E-0980-51DD-A2F0-C0029F70100D
treatment provided by	Zoosystematics and Evolution by Pensoft
scientific name	Spiracme lendli (Kulczyński, 1897)
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

Spiracme lendli (Kulczyński, 1897) comb. nov.

Figs 2 View Figure 2 , 3 A – C View Figure 3 , 4 A – C View Figure 4 , 5 A, B View Figure 5 , 6 A – C View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8

Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897: Chyzer and Kulczyński 1897: 301, Tab X, fig. 64 (♂). View in CoL

Spiracme mongolica View in CoL : Purgat et al. 2021: fig. 6 (misidentification).

Xysticus cf. lendli View in CoL : Ponomarev and Shmatko 2021: 217, fig. 16.

Type material.

Holotype male: Hungary Örkény (thoroughly searched for in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, without any success, likely lost).

Material examined.

Hungary • 1 male; Szank ; forest steppe; 46.602 ° N, 19.571 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net; ( HNHM Araneae - 11039 ) GoogleMaps • 1 female; Zsana ; forest steppe; 46.415 ° N, 19.621 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net; ( HNHM Araneae - 10719 ) GoogleMaps • 1 male; Harkakötöny ; forest steppe, 46.507 ° N, 19.568 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 2 males; Kiskunhalas ; forest steppe; 46.477 ° N, 19.432 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 3 males; Kiskunhalas ; forest steppe; 46.483 ° N, 19.452 ° E; 09 Sep. 2018; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 2 males; Kiskunhalas ; forest steppe; 46.493 ° N, 19.415 ° E; 21 Sep. 2018; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 1 male; Soltvadkert ; forest steppe; 46.536 ° N, 19.384 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 1 male; Soltvadkert ; forest steppe; 46.527 ° N, 19.374 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 3 males; Soltvadkert ; forest steppe; 46.530 ° N, 19.401 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 3 males; Soltvadkert ; forest steppe; 46.532 ° N, 19.385 ° E; 21. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 1 male; Zsana ; forest steppe; 46.409 ° N, 19.621 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 3 males; Zsana ; forest steppe; 46.415 ° N, 19.621 ° E; 09. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 3 males; Zsana ; forest steppe; 46.396 ° N, 19.647 ° E; 09. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 2 males; Imrehegy ; forest steppe; 46.446 ° N, 19.318 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 1 male; Pirtó ; forest steppe; 46.493 ° N, 19.415 ° E; 20. Sep. – 05. Oct. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; pitfall trap GoogleMaps • 1 male; Pirtó ; forest steppe; 46.472 ° N, 19.436 ° E; 09. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 4 males; Pirtó ; forest steppe; 46.496 ° N, 19.421 ° E; 05. Oct. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps • 2 males; Bócsa ; forest steppe; 46.614 ° N, 19.464 ° E; 07. Sep. 2021, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps .

Comparative material.

S. striatipes Hungary • 2 males, 2 females; Csengőd ; mesic grassland; 46.722 ° N, 19.350 ° E; 15 Jun. 2018; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis.

Males of this species can be readily distinguished from congeners by the thick and bent embolus, with transverse ridges (pine cone-like pattern in Fig. 5 A – B View Figure 5 ) near the tip. The thick embolus makes it similar to that of S. striatipes but differs by the bent embolus (straight in S. striatipes ; see Figs 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 ), the less pronounced indentations (deep indentations in S. striatipes ; see Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ), the absence of the large triangular-shaped tutaculum (present in S. striatipes ; see Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ), and the slightly pointing outward RTA (curved towards the cymbium in S. striatipes ; see Figs 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 ) as seen from the ventral side (compare Fig. 6 A View Figure 6 vs. Fig. 6 D View Figure 6 ). The bent embolus is present in Xysticus mongolicus , and the bulb shows an overall similarity. However, the indentations (absent in X. mongolicus ), the tegular bump Fig. 3 C View Figure 3 (absent in X. mongolicus ; see Fig. 3 F View Figure 3 ), and the twisted embolus as seen from the side (strongly bent in X. mongolicus ) separate S. lendli from X. mongolicus . Female epigyne of S. lendli with an upside-down heart-shaped median septum (see Fig. 8 B View Figure 8 ), which is seemingly a plate with a pronounced anterior border (Fig. 8 A, C View Figure 8 ) with a clear indention on the posterior margin (Fig. 8 B, C, F View Figure 8 ), probably to accommodate the thin tip of the RTA (Figs 3 C View Figure 3 , 7 A View Figure 7 ).

Description.

Male. Total length 3.88. Carapace: 1.84 long, 1.79 wide. Abdomen: 2.17 long, 1.71 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high, chelicera 0.70 long. Eye sizes and inter-distances: MOA-WA 0.22, MOA-WP 0.23, MOA-L 0.23, AME 0.07, ALE 0.10, PME 0.06, PLE 0.09, AME - AME 0.20, AME - ALE 0.13, PME - PME 0.23, PME - PLE 0.29.

Colouration (on a freshly collected specimen, Fig. 2 B View Figure 2 ): Carapace dark brown sides with median, longitudinal, beige-coloured, wide stripe. Ocular area white. Abdomen dark brown with mottled black spots and median folium-shaped light stripe. Around folium’s lobe, three pairs of white and black spots present (Fig. 2 A, B View Figure 2 ). These spots can be seen on bleached specimen as well, where the dark brown coloured areas became light brown. Chelicera, gnathocoxae, labium, and sternum sand-yellow with small dark brown spots.

Legs: sand-yellow with mottled dark brown dots (uneven in size). Tibiae I – II, metatarsi I – II, and tarsi I – II with dark brown / blackish rings on the distal end of the segment. Hindlegs light in colour, almost white, with black dots mottled on the appendage. The proximal end of tibia IV and the distal end of the femur, patella, tibia, and metatarsus IV with dark rings. Leg segments: I: 7.05 (2.04 + 0.96 + 1.6 + 1.6 + 0.85); II: 6.67 (1.95 + 0.88 + 1.45 + 1.48 + 0.91); III: 3.87 (1.19 + 0.58 + 0.83 + 0.67 + 0.6); IV: 4.51 (1.4 + 0.58 + 0.92 + 0.89 + 0.72).

Palpal femur, patella tibia, and cymbium with sand-coloured background mottled with dark brown dots and patches. Bulb without significant appendages, but tegular ledge or bump present (Figs 3 C View Figure 3 , 4 C View Figure 4 , 7 A View Figure 7 ). Embolus originates on prolateral part of the bulb at 11 o’clock position, twisted as seen from the side (Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ) and bent as seen from the venter (Figs 3 A – C View Figure 3 , 4 A – C View Figure 4 , 5 A, B View Figure 5 ), with indentations on the distal third of embolus (Figs 5 A, B View Figure 5 , 6 A, B View Figure 6 ), making it pine cone-like.

Female. Total length: 5.99. Carapace: 2.66 long, 2.89 wide. Abdomen: 3.68 long, 2.92 wide.

Clypeus 0.24 high, chelicera 1.01 long. Eye sizes and inter-distances: MOA-WA 0.58, MOA-WP 0.53, MOA-L 0.40, AME 0.11, ALE 0.16, PME 0.09, PLE 0.12, AME - AME 0.40, AME - ALE 0.21, PME - PME 0.37, and PME - PLE 0.45. Leg segments: I: 8.49 (2.61 + 1.34 + 1.87 + 1.7 + 0.97); II: 8.49 (2.65 + 1.24 + 1.84 + 1.77 + 0.99); III: 5.53 (1.76 + 0.91 + 0.93 + 1.05 + 0.88); IV: 6.16 (1.94 + 0.88 + 1.44 + 1.07 + 0.83).

Colouration lighter than in males, carapace and abdomen patterns similar as in males (Fig. 2 C, D View Figure 2 ), but with less contrast on the pattern. Leg colouration and pattern also similar to males, but overall lighter in colour.

Distribution.

Pannonian: Hungary, Serbia, Slovakia.

Habitat.

Specimens were collected in habitats characterised by sandy soil, covered with open dry grassland, and small forest patches (forest steppe, Fig. 1 B, C View Figure 1 ). The grassland consists of drought-tolerant plant species (e. g., Alkanna tictoria , Festuca vaginata , and Stipa borysthenica ). The main tree species of the forest patches are Poplus alba , and the bush layer includes Juniperus communis and Crataegus monogyna (see further details in Gallé et al. 2022 a).

Biology and phenology.

Adult specimens were collected in September and October. We used a sweep net to collect S. lendli specimens very close to the ground surface in the herb layer. Life history remains mainly unknown. Noteworthy, females were very rarely found, so far only one. The overall ratio of the sexes was 33: 1.