Onycholyda, Takeuchi, 1938

Shinohara, Akihiko, Kramp, Katja & Taeger, Andreas, 2022, The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae), Zootaxa 5167 (1), pp. 1-251 : 41-42

Key to the Onycholyda species of the Russian Far East and Korea

1 (a) Females. ... 2

– (aa) Males. … 9

2(1)

(a) All terga black, at most with narrow posterior margin pale, without orange areas. ... 3

– (aa) Some terga largely orange… 6

3(2)

(a) Fore, mid and usually hind femora largely marked with black.

(b) Head with clypeus widely yellow medially and frons almost entirely black ( Fig. 4 : 3b). … O. viriditibialis , p. 66

— (aa) Femora entirely pale yellow or greenish yellow.

(bb) Head color pattern different ( Fig. 4 : 4a, b–5aa). … 4

4(3)

(a) Anterior margin of clypeus pale yellow ( Fig. 4 : 4a, b).

(b) Median ocellus surrounded by large pale yellow mark ( Fig. 4 : 4a, b).

(c) Clypeus rather smooth, with inconspicuous surface microsculpture and sparse punctures. ... O. zinovjevi , p. 67

– (aa) Anterior margin of clypeus with obscure pale yellow spot at middle or entirely black ( Fig. 4 : 4aa, bb, 5aa).

(bb)Pale yellow mark around median ocellus small, broken into four spots, posterior pair sometimes missing ( Fig. 4 : 4aa, bb, 5aa).

(cc) Clypeus dull, with distinct surface microsculpture. … 5

5(4)

(a) Head color pattern Fig. 4 : 4aa, bb (5a); pale yellow spot present on or behind facial crest.

(b) Trochanters pale.

(c) Sterna (3–) 4–6 with broad posterior margin pale yellow or greenish yellow. … O. armata , p. 63

– (aa) Head color pattern Fig. 4 : 5aa; pale yellow spot on facial crest usually missing.

(bb) Trochanters mostly black.

(cc) Sterna (3–) 4–6 entirely black, or with very narrow posterior margin pale yellow. … O. yezoensis , p. 67

6(2) (a) Mesoscutellum and metascutellum mostly or entirely black [in Chinese specimens mesoscutellum usually yellow marked]

(b) Wings distinctly yellowish, with veins mostly orange to pale brown.

(c) Head color pattern as in Fig. 4 : 6c; left mandible bidentate (median tooth absent). … O. odaesana , p. 65

– (aa) Mesoscutellum and metascutellum yellow.

(bb) Wings not distinctly yellowish, with veins mostly blackish brown.

(cc) Head color pattern different ( Fig. 4 : 7a, b; 8a; 8aa); left mandible tridentate (small median tooth present, Fig. 4 : 7a, b). … 7

7(6)

(a) Clypeus entirely black ( Fig. 4 : 7a, b), or with lateral parts and narrow anterior margin brownish. … O. nigroclypeata , p. 64

– (aa) Clypeus anteriorly largely pale yellow ( Fig. 4 : 8a; 8aa). … 8

8(7)

(a) Head color pattern as in Fig. 4 : 8a.

(b) Abdominal tergum 3 usually entirely orange. … O. sertata , p. 65

– (aa) Head color pattern as in Fig. 4 : 8aa.

(bb) Abdominal tergum 3 usually with large black marking. … O. kumamotonis , p. 64

9(1)

(a) Fore, mid and sometimes hind femora marked with black ( Fig. 5 : 9a). … O. viriditibialis , p. 66

– (aa) All femora entirely pale yellow (trochantelli may be black marked). … 10

10(9)

(a) Clypeus nearly flattened or with cup-shaped area medially, frontoclypeal crest absent ventrally ( Fig. 5 : 10a). … 11

– (aa) Clypeus with entire frontoclypeal crest, medially divided into lateral halves ( Fig. 5 : 10aa). … 14

11(10)

(a) Mesothorax below wings, including pectus, mostly or entirely pale yellow ( Fig. 5 : 11a).

(b) Left mandible bidentate (median tooth absent) ( Fig. 5 : 10a (11b)).

(c) Wings often distinctly yellowish or brownish, veins mostly orange to pale brown. … O. odaesana , p. 65

– (aa) Mesothorax below wings darker, at least pectus mostly or entirely black.

(bb) Left mandible tridentate (median tooth present, Fig. 5 : 11bb).

(cc) Wings not distinctly yellowish or brownish, veins mostly dark brown to blackish brown. … 12

12(11)

(a) Abdomen with orange areas. … O. kumamotonis , p. 64

– (aa) Abdomen without orange areas. ... 13

13(12)

(a) Antennal scape completely yellow ( Fig. 5 : 13a).

(b) Mesoscutellum and metascutellum usually entirely black. … O. zinovjevi , p. 67

– (aa) Antennal scape yellow, outer surface with black patch ( Fig. 5 : 13aa).

(bb) Mesoscutellum and metascutellum pale yellow. … O. armata , p. 63

14(10)

(a) Abdomen with terga 4 and 5 orange ( Fig. 14a ). … O. nigroclypeata , p. 64

– (aa) Abdominal terga entirely black or with only tergum 4 orange. … 15

15(14)

(a) Stigma with basal 1/4 pale yellow ( Fig. 5 : 15a).

(b) Body length 7–9 mm.

(c) Abdominal terga always entirely black. … O. yezoensis , p. 67

– (aa) Stigma with basal 1/3 pale yellow ( Fig. 5 : 15aa).

(bb) Body length 9–12 mm.

(cc) Abdomen often with tergum 4 orange. … O. sertata , p. 65

Figures

FIGURE 4. Key to Onycholyda species 1

FIGURE 5. Key to Onycholyda species 2

FIGURES 14–16: 14. Hypothesized relationships based on adult morphology in Pamphiliinae for several genera and species groups of Pamphilius (modified from Shinohara 2002b, only genera and species groups with molecular data are included). 15. Condensed ML tree based on CO1 gene sequences. 16. Condensed ML tree based on NaK gene sequences.