Pamphilius belokobylskiji, Shinohara & Kramp & Taeger, 2022

Shinohara, Akihiko, Kramp, Katja & Taeger, Andreas, 2022, The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae), Zootaxa 5167 (1), pp. 1-251 : 87-89

Pamphilius belokobylskiji sp. nov.

( Figs 62 , 63 ) (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16943245)

Pamphilius planifrons: Shinohara 1988b: 184 ; Kim et al., 1994: 217; Shinohara, 2002b: 427; Paek et al., 2010: 161; Taeger et al., 2010: 90. Not Beneš, 1976, in part.

Female ( Fig. 62 ). Length about 11–12 mm. Head black, with following pale yellow: most of clypeus, narrow line along upper inner orbit (this line missing in one specimen, Fig. 62 ), continuing posteriorly as a rather broad postocular stripe extending from posterior inner corner of eye to crassa, crescent line along outer margin of lateral suture of postocellar area; mandible black, with outer basal part pale yellow and apex dark rufous; scape and pedicel black, with outer surface pale yellow; flagellum blackish brown, with outer surface paler, particularly the basal part. Thorax black, with following pale yellow: ventral part of lateral pronotum, broad posterolateral corner of dorsal pronotum, obscure mark on cervical sclerite, tegula, posterior part of mesoscutal middle lobe, mesoscutellum, large spot on lateral posterior part of mesepisternum, metascutellum, dorsal part of metepimeron; legs pale yellow, except for narrowly black coxal bases. Wings hyaline, distinctly stained with brown; veins blackish brown, with veins C and Sc yellowish, and base of vein 1A pale yellow; stigma dark yellow, marginally dark brown. Abdomen orange dorsally with terga 1 and 2 mostly, broad anterior margin (except for lateral margin and median interruption) of tergum 3, small lateral spot on each of terga 4 and 5, and most of more posterior terga black; narrow lateral margin (more broadly on more posterior segments) pale yellowish; abdomen pale yellow ventrally, with broad anterior part of each sternum black.

Frons swollen in dorsal aspect, somewhat concave below ocelli down to ill-defined median fovea; ocellar basin represented as a broad furrow around median ocellus; frontoclypeal crest rather flat, rounded, swollen between antennal sockets; facial crest moderately convex, very bluntly carinate. Upper part of head behind transverse and lateral transverse sutures smooth, with large, often ill-defined punctures; area from facial crest to lateral transverse suture coarsely rugose, outer part somewhat smoother, with large, rather shallow irregular punctures; frons almost reticulate, with coarse large deep punctures; paraantennal field with dense small punctures, transversely rugose, with only ventral part nearly impunctate along inner orbit; clypeus with distinct medium-sized punctures, with interspaces smooth medially and coarsely rugose laterally; gena weakly coriaceous, with rather small, often illdefined punctures; head covered with rather long silvery hairs before crassa, except for nearly glabrous ventral part of paraantennal field. Antennae with 24–25 antennomeres; flagellomere 1 1.2–1.3 × length of flagellomere 2. Forewing cell C pilose all over. Ovipositor sheath as in Fig. 62g ; appendage narrow-conical, setose medially and apically.

Male ( Fig. 63 ). Length about 8.5– 11 mm. Head black, with frontal surface below line connecting facial crests, broad postocular stripe, short crescent marking along outer margin of lateral suture of postocellar area (sometimes missing), entire gena and malar space pale yellow; mandible pale yellow with dark rufous apex; scape and pedicel pale yellow, with dorsal surface largely black (black area missing in one specimen); flagellum dark brown, with flagellomere 1 marked with black dorsally. Thorax black, with following pale yellow: most of lateral pronotum extending dorsally along posterior margin to cover broad posterolateral corner of dorsal pronotum, ventral half of cervical sclerite, tegula, posterior half of mesoscutal middle lobe, mesoscutellum, mesepisternum including pectus (except for black lateral spot along very narrowly black posterodorsal margin), broad posterior (dorsal) margin of mesepimeron, metascutellum, linear mark connecting inner ends of cenchri, metepisternum (except for ventral surface), dorsal half (except for anterior part) and posterior margin of metepimeron; legs pale yellow, except for narrowly black coxal bases. Wings hyaline, distinctly tinted with brown; veins blackish brown, with veins C and Sc yellowish, and base of vein 1A pale yellow; stigma dark yellow, marginally dark brown. Abdomen orange dorsally and pale yellow ventrally; dorsum with terga 1 and 2 mostly, broad anterior margin (except for lateral margin and median interruption) of each of terga 3 to 5, and terga 6 to 8 (except for broad lateral and posterior margins) black, and lateral margin (more broadly on more posterior segments), very narrow posterior margin (rather broadly on posterior segments) of each of terga 2 to 8, and tergum 10 wholly pale yellowish; venter with narrow anterior margin of sternum 2 black. Genitalia black; harpe and penis valve pale brown.

Structure generally similar to that of female. Antennae with 23–28 antennomeres; flagellomere 1 1.0–1.1 × length of flagellomere 2 and distinctly thinner in lateral view than the latter, with apex strongly oblique. Subgenital plate with apical margin broadly rounded. Genitalia as in Fig. 11 : 57aa; penis valve very long and slender, valviceps not strongly produced laterally.

Material examined. 113 specimens. Holotype: ♂ ( Fig. 63 , DEI-GISHym 12942), RU: Primorskij Kraj: Anisimovka, Gribanovka 1km N, 450m, 43.126°N 132.797°E, 1. VII. 2017, Taeger, Loktionov, Proshch., RU150 ( ZISP) . Paratypes: RUSSIA: Primorskij Kraj: 14♂, Anisimov Pass , 400m, 5km E of Anisimovka , 6–7. VI . 1995 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 38♂, Pass , 500m, 28km NNW of Partizansk, 13–14. VI . 1995 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 2♂ (DEIGISHym 88019, 88121), Anisimovka, Gribanovka 1km N, 450m, 43.126°N 132.797°E, 16. VI . 2017, A. Taeger & M. Proshchalykin ( SDEI); 6♂ (incl. DEI-GISHym 88123), Anisimovka, Gribanovka 1km N, 450m , 43.126°N 132.797°E, 1. VII. 2017, A. Taeger, M. Proshchalykin, T . Schmitt, V . Loktionov, RU 150 ( SDEI). SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon-do: 2♂ (described as P. planifrons by Shinohara, 1988b), Mirugam ( Bukdaesa ), 1300m, Odaesan Mts ., 10–11. VI . 1987 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 8♂, same locality, 19–28. V . 1989 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 10♂, same locality, 31. V. –7. VI . 1991 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 1♂, same locality, 6. VI . 1991 , J.-W. Kim ( NSMT); 1♂, same locality, 30. V . 1992 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 1♀ 1♂, same locality, 29. V. –6. VI . 1996 , J.-W. Kim ( NSMT); 1♂, same locality, 6. VI . 1996 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 3♂, same locality, 27–30. V . 1998 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 1♀ ( Fig. 62 ) 21♂, same locality, 23. V.–4. VI . 2002 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 2♂ ( NSMT 30766 , 30767 ), same locality, 26–27. V . 2008 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 1♂ ( NSMT 30866 ), same locality, 1. VI . 2009 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT).

Distribution. Russia (Primorskij Kraj), South Korea.

Host plant. Unknown.

Etymology. This new species is named after Dr. Sergej A. Belokobylskij, who played an important role in bringing about the joint Russian-German expeditions in 1993 and 2016.

Remarks. This new species has much in common with P. lobatus Maa, 1950 , P. planifrons Beneš, 1976 , and P. rhoae Shinohara, 1988 , which are the members of P. thorwaldi complex ( Shinohara, 2002b). Shinohara (1988b) described the male of P. belokobylskiji as P. planifrons . These four species share punctate pilose heads with only moderately swollen upper frons and facial crests, short flagellomere 1 and a generally similar colour pattern, except for that of the abdomen. Pamphilius belokobylskiji is easily distinguished from P. planifrons and P. rhoae by the largely orange abdomen in both sexes, though the male genitalia of the three species are almost indistinguishable.

The female of P. belokobylskiji is very similar to that of P. lobatus and can be separated from it almost only by the different surface microsculpture of the head. In P. belokobylskiji , the broad area from the paraantennal fields (except for the ventral margin), frons, facial crests, ocellar area to the transverse and lateral transverse sutures is dull and rather shallowly rugose with mostly confluent and indistinct punctures ( Fig. 8 : 18aa-cc), whereas in P. lobatus , the area is dull and rugose and the punctures are dense and generally very distinct ( Fig. 8 : 19a). There may be some differences in colour pattern as shown in the key but the characters apparently overlap and are of only supplementary value for species distinction.

The male of P. belokobylskiji is also similar to that of P. lobatus in extragenital characters, but the narrow valviceps of P. belokobylskiji ( Fig. 11 : 57aa) is very different from the very broad valviceps of P. lobatus ( Fig. 11 : 57a). The differences in the surface microsculpture of the head, noted above for the females, also apply to the males. In male genitalic characters, P. belokobylskiji strongly resembles P. planifrons and P. rhoae , but the latter two species have no orange areas on the abdomen.

In our molecular analyses ( Figs 149 , 161 ), the P. thorwaldi complex was retrieved as monophyletic with 98% UFBoot support in COI and with 97% UFBoot support in NaK, but P. belokobylskiji was not clearly differentiated from the related species.

Figures

FIGURE 8. Key to Pamphilius species 3

FIGURE 11. Key to Pamphilius species 6

FIGURE 62. Pamphilius belokobylskii, female, Korea – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) sawsheath laterally, (h) claw.

FIGURE 63. Pamphilius belokobylskii, male, Russia – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) genitalia dorsally, (h) genitalia ventrally, (i) claw.

FIGURE 149. Condensed ML tree based on CO1 gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius vafer group, part 2.

FIGURE 161. Condensed ML tree based on NaK gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius vafer group, part 2.