Pamphilius montanus pulcher Shinohara, 1988

Shinohara, Akihiko, Kramp, Katja & Taeger, Andreas, 2022, The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae), Zootaxa 5167 (1), pp. 1-251 : 81-82

Pamphilius montanus pulcher Shinohara, 1988

( Figs 104 , 105 ) (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11405259)

Pamphilius pulcher Shinohara, 1988a: 311 ; Shinohara, 1991b: 113; Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev, 1995: 398.

Pamphilius montanus pulcher: Shinohara, 2001: 106 , 113, 115; Shinohara, 2002b: 430; Shinohara & Lelej, 2007: 932, 940; Taeger et al., 2010: 89; Sundukov, 2017: 105; Lee et al., 2019: 10 ; Shinohara, 2019: 11; Shinohara, 2020: 14, 244.

Material examined. Sixty specimens, including the type series. Forty-three specimens are from South Korea ( Shinohara 1988b; present work). New collection data: SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon-do: 1♂ ( NSMT 30749), Mirugam (Bukdaesa), 1300m, Odaesan Mts., 26. V. 2008, A. Shinohara ( NSMT); 1♂ ( NSMT 30853), same locality, 2. VI. 2009, A. Shinohara ( NSMT). See Shinohara (1988 a, 2001) for more collection data.

Distribution. Russia (Yakutia), South Korea, Japan (Hokkaido) ( Shinohara 2001).

Host plant. Unknown.

Remarks. This is a member of the P. sylvaticus group defined by Shinohara (1985 a, 2002b). Shinohara (1988a) described this subspecies as a full species but Shinohara (2001) treated it as a subspecies of P. montanus Shinohara, 1985 .

In our molecular analysis, the maximum intrasubspecific p -distance among specimens from Korea and Hokkaido, Japan, was 1.5% in COI (n=4) and 0.2% in NaK (n=3). The minimum distance to the specimens of the nominotypical P. montanus montanus from Honshu, Japan, was 3.7% in COI and 0.1% in NaK. The nearest neighbour was P. volatilis , diverging by a minimum of 4.1% in the COI analysis, and P. alnicola , diverging by a minimum of 0.6% in the NaK analysis. In the COI tree ( Fig. 145 ), each of P. montanus , P. m. montanus and P. m. pulcher was retrieved as monophyletic with UFBoot support of 100% and P. montanus was sister to P. alnicola with UFBoot support of 82%. In the NaK tree ( Fig. 159 ), P. m. montanus (n=2) was retrieved as monophyletic with UFBoot support of 100%, but P. m. pulcher (n=3) was not, while all the specimens of P. montanus (n=5) formed a clade with UFBoot support of 93% and the clade consisting of P. gracilis and P. graciloides was retrieved as sister to P. montanus with very low UFBoot support of 70%.

Pamphilius montanus pulcher is probably associated with Sorbus (Rosaceae) because the larvae of the nominotypical subspecies from Honshu, Japan, are gregarious web-spinners on Sorbus commixta Hedl. (Rosaceae) ( Shinohara & Kojima 2011).

Figures

FIGURE 104. Pamphilius montanus pulcher, female, Korea – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) sawsheath laterally, (h) claw.

FIGURE 105. Pamphilius montanus pulcher, male, Korea – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) genitalia dorsally, (h) genitalia ventrally, (i) claw.

FIGURE 145. Condensed ML tree based on CO1 gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius sylvaticus group, part 1.

FIGURE 159. Condensed ML tree based on NaK gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius sylvaticus group.