Chaetospermum camelliae Agnihothrudu, Mycopath. Mycol.

Tangthirasunun, Narumon, Silar, Philippe, Bhat, Darbhe Jayarama, Chukeatirote, Ekachai, Wikee, Saowanee, Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N., Hyde, Kevin D. & Wang, Yong, 2014, Morphology and phylogeny of Chaetospermum (asexual coelomycetous Basidiomycota), Phytotaxa 175 (1), pp. 61-72 : 68

Chaetospermum camelliae Agnihothrudu, Mycopath. Mycol. appl. 16: 115 (1962) ( Figs. 2 , 4a )

Saprobic, on both lower and upper side of dead leaves. Conidiomata 270–340 (x = 298) μm high, 340–370 (x = 358) μm diam., pycnidial, superficial, solitary, gregarious, velvety, rounded, mucoid and off-white when moist, unilocular, erumpent, raised, with gelatinized wall. Pycnidial wall 3–4-layered, intermixed with host cells, 40–67 (x = 51) μm wide, with pale brown to dark brown cells of textura angularis, with conidiophores arising from the innermost layer of hyaline cells from the base and sides. Conidiophores densely aggregated, septate, branched, hyaline, smooth, 9–16 (x = 12) × 1.0–3 (x = 2) μm. Conidiogenous cells discrete, sympodially arranged, holoblastic, cylindrical to subcylindrical, slightly curved, hyaline, producing conidium at the tip. Conidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, with rounded ends, slightly curved, 21–27 (x = 24) × 4–6 (x = 5) μm, length/width ratio 5:1, aseptate, hyaline, guttulate, smooth, bearing 2–4 tubular, filiform, flexuous, polar and subpolar appendages on each end.

Colonies white or cream colour above and reverse, floccose, medium density, flat elevation, few concentric surface zonations, circular, with smooth margin, attain a diam. (in mm) of 30, 34 and 39 on PDA, M2 and V8, respectively, in 3 days at 27˚C.

Material examined: ― THAILAND. Chiang Mai: Doi Mae Salong , on unidentified dead leaves, 13 July 2012, N. Tangthirasunun ( MFLU13-0290 !, epitype designated here); ex-type living culture = MFLUCC12-0436 , NTCL097-3 , ICMP20008 . Chiang Rai: Doi Mae Salong , on unidentified dead leaves, 13 July 2012, N. Tangthirasunun ( MFLU13- 0287 !); living culture = MFLUCC12-0433 , NTCL096-2 , ICMP20007 . Chiang Mai: Mushroom Research Centre , on unidentified dead leaves, 22 May 2012, N. Tangthirasunun ( MFLU13-0270 !); living culture = MFLUCC12-0318 , NTCL075 , ICMP20006 . Phang Nga: Takuapa , on unidentified dead leaves, 3 August 2012, N. Tangthirasunun ( MFLU13-0297 !); living culture = MFLUCC12-0437 , NTCL105-1 , ICMP20010 .

Chaetospermum artocarpi (Nag Raj) Nag Raj, Coelomycetous anamorphs with appendage-bearing conidia: 194 (1993) ( Figs. 3 , 4b )

≡ Chaetospermum elasticae var. artocarpi Nag Raj, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Sect. B 59: 50 (1964)

Saprobic on lower side of dead leaves, with colonies appearing beside the midrib. Conidiomata 300–440 (x = 390) μm high, 210–300 (x = 253) μm diam., pycnidial, partly immersed, solitary, gregarious, velvety, rounded, mucoid and cream-yellow coloured when moist, unilocular, erumpent, with gelatinized wall. Conidiomata wall 4–6 layered, intermixed with host epidermal cells, 40–70 (x = 56) μm wide, with pale to dark brown cells of textura angularis, with conidiophores arising from the innermost layer of hyaline cells from the base and sides. Conidiophores aggregated, septate, branched, hyaline, smooth-walled, 4–20 (x = 11) × 1–2 (x = 2) μm. Conidiogenous cells discrete, sympodially arranged, holoblastic, cylindrical to subcylindrical, slightly curved, hyaline, producing a conidium at the apex. Conidia cylindrical, with rounded ends, slightly curved, 19–30 (x = 23) × 4–5 (x = 5) μm, length/width ratio 5:1, aseptate, hyaline, guttulate, smooth-walled, bearing 3 tubular, filiform, flexuous, polar appendages of unequal length at each end.

Colonies white or cream coloured above and reverse, floccose, sparse to medium density mycelium, flat elevation, with a few concentric surface zonations, attaining a diam. (in mm) of 10, 21 and 26 on PDA, M2 and V8, respectively, in 3 days at 27˚C. The colonies were irregular in form and with an undulate margin on PDA, whereas on M2 and V8 they were circular with a smooth margin.

Material examined: ― THAILAND. Phang Nga: Khao Lak , on unidentified dead leaves, 3 August 2012, N. Tangthirasunun ( MFLU13-0296 !, epitype designated here); ex-type living culture = MFLUCC12-0536 , NTCL104-2 .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Chaetospermum camelliae: A. Dead leaf with conidiomata, arrow indicates the position of the fungus. B. Conidiomata (arrows) on the host surface. C. L.S. of a conidioma. D–F. L.S. of a conidioma wall. G–I. Conidigenous cells with developing conidia. J–L. Conidiogenous cells with developing conidia stained with lactophenol cotton blue. M–O. Conidia. P. Conidia stained with lactophenol cotton blue. Q. Germinating conidium. R–S. Colonies on PDA (R. From top, S. From reverse). Scale bars: C = 200 μm; D = 100 μm; E–F = 50 μm; G–Q = 10 μm.

FIGURE 3. Chaetospermum artocarpi: A. Dead leaf with conidiomata. B. Conidiomata (arrows) on the host surface. C. L.S. of a conidioma. D–F. L.S. of a conidioma wall. G. L.S. of a conidioma wall stained with lactophenol cotton blue. H–I. Conidiogenous cells with developing conidia stained with lactophenol cotton blue. J–M. Conidia. N–P. Conidia stained with lactophenol cotton blue. Q. Germinating conidium. R–S. Colonies on V8 (R. From top, S. From reverse). Scale bars: C, E = 100 μm; D, F–G = 50 μm; H–Q = 10 μm.

FIGURE 4. Conidia with appendages and conidiophore. a. Chaetospermum camelliae b. Chaetospermum artocarpi.