Calanthosoma Reitter, 1876

Kolibac, Jiri, 2013, Trogossitidae: A review of the beetle family, with a catalogue and keys, ZooKeys 366, pp. 1-194 : 16-18

Genus Calanthosoma Reitter, 1876 Fig. 3 ; Map 3

Calanthosoma Reitter, E. 1876: 10.

Type species.

Calanthosoma flavomaculatum Reitter, 1876 [by monotypy]

Léveillé, A. 1910: 4. Arias, E. et al. 2009: 37. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 47 (redescription). Kolibáč, J. 2006: 111 (phylogeny)

Marnia Léveille, 1889 [Type species: Marniasipolisi Léveillé, 1889; designated by Kolibáč 2005]

Léveillé, A. 1910: 14. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 47 (synonymized with Calanthosoma )

Remarks.

A single genus, it lives in tropical South America beyond the temperate “Gondwanan” distribution of the other egoliine genera. Calanthosoma shows a character set intermediate between Egoliini and Trogossitini . Longitudinal wrinkles on the dorsal surface of head and pronotum, long hairs at apex of elytra, mandibles with mola, and lacinia with distinct hooked spine at apex are typical of the egoliins; however, the genus shares ciliate labial setae and terminal antennomeres with sensorial fields with most of trogossitins. Nevertheless, most of apomorphic characters are clearly egoliine and I have no doubts about its classification within that tribe. Common trogossitine features of Calanthosoma may provide evidence of a common ancestor for Egoliini and Trogossitini .

The synonymization of Marnia with Calanthosoma is beyond doubt; the representatives of the genera are very similar.

Description.

Body size: about 9.0 mm. Body shape elongate. Gular sutures narrow, subparallel at apex. Frontoclypeal suture absent. Frons: longitudinal groove or depression absent. Cranium ventrally: tufts of long setae at sides present. Submentum of males: ctenidium present. Antennal groove present. Eyes: size moderate. Eyes number: two. Epicranial acumination moderate. Lacinial hooks: one. Galea: shape clavate. Galea: ciliate setae present. Mediostipes-Lacinia partially fused. Palpifer: outer edge even. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, vertically situated. Mola present. Penicillus (at base) present (fine, often membranous). Pubescence above mola or cutting edge absent. Ventral furrow not ciliate. Basal notch moderate. Labrum-Cranium not fused. Epipharyngial sclerite present. Lateral tormal process: projection curved downwards, processes not connected ( Airora ). Ligula: ciliate setae absent. Ligula rigid, weakly retroflex, weakly emarginate. Hypopharyngeal sclerite consisting of two separate parts. Antenna 11-segmented. Antennal club asymmetrical, sensorial fields present. Front coxal cavities externally closed, internally open. Pronotum cordate. Prepectus absent. Middle coxal cavities closed. Elytra: long hairs present. Epipleuron moderate. Elytral interlocking mechanism present, carinae conspicuous. Elytral punctation regular, scales absent. Wing: radial cell oblong (or reduced), wedge cell present, cross vein MP3-4 present, cross vein AA1+2-3+4 absent. Front tibiae: spines along side moderate. Hooked spur present. Claws: denticle absent. Parasternites number along ventrites III-VII: one. Spiculum gastrale absent. Tegmen composed of three parts. Coxitae undivided.

Biology.

Unknown, probably predatory.

Distribution.

Only a few specimens is known to date: Venezuela, Brazil, Antilles.

Species:

Calanthosoma flavomaculatum Reitter, 1876; Antillae, Venezuela (AL, JK)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 4. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 47 (redescription). Reitter, E. 1876: 11

Calanthosoma grouvellei Léveille, 1899 ( Marnia ); Brazil (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 14

Calanthosoma sallei Léveille, 1889 ( Marnia ); Venezuela (AL)

(J. Kolibáč, unpublished note: maybe synonymous with Calanthosoma flavomaculatum )

Calanthosoma sipolisi Léveille, 1889 ( Marnia ); Brazil: Minas Geraes (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 14. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 47

Figures

Figure 3. A Calitys scabra B Larinotus umblicatus C Acalanthis quadrisignata D Calanthosoma flavomaculata E Calanthosoma (syn. Marnia) sipolisi F Egolia variegata G Necrobiopsis tasmanicus.

Map 3. A distribution of the tribe Egoliini.