Spinoliella psamita Toro and Ruz

Gonzalez, Victor H., Smith-Pardo, Allan H. & Engel, Michael S., 2017, Phylogenetic Relationships Of A New Genus Of Calliopsine Bees From Peru, With A Review Of Spinoliella Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2017 (412), pp. 1-72 : 58-60

Spinoliella psamita Toro and Ruz

Figure 19

Spinoliella (Spinoliella) psamita Toro and Ruz, 1972a: 143 (holotype ♂, AMNH, seen: Travesia, Atacama, Chile).

DIAGNOSIS: This species can be distinguished by the following combination of features: small body size (5–6 mm); female pygidial plate broad, with lateral margins converging toward apex at a 50° angle, truncate at apex (fig. 19E); frons, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum weakly shiny, finely alveolate, alveoli often faint, thus appearing imbricate, particularly on disc of mesoscutellum (fig. 19A, B); female mesobasitarsus robust, about 2.8× longer than broad; metabasitibial plate depressed on disc, setose, delimited by a strong border or carina in female (fig. 19C), rather flat, with scattered setae and without distinct border in male (fig. 19D); and female outer metatibial spur distinctly curved apically. This species resembles S. aidae , S. tadeyi , and S. longirostris in the small body size and general body color. However, in the female of the first two species the pygidial plate is apically bifid and the outer metatibial spur is apically straight; in the female of S. longirostris the clypeus projects below the inferior tangent of the compound eyes by more than one-half its length (at most one-half its length in S. psamita ), and the facial maculation is often reduced to nearly absent (usually extensive in S. psamita ). The male of S. aidae can be separated easily from that of S. psamita by the sculpturing of the frons, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum, which are largely smooth and shiny with scattered punctures. The male of S. psamita can be separated from that of S. longirostris by the clypeus, which projects below the inferior tangent of the compound eye by about one-half its length (clypeus begins at inferior tangent of compound eye in S. longirostris ), and by the normal glossa, not reaching the procoxae in repose (glossa is long and surpasses posterior margin of procoxae in S. longirostris ). The male of S. tadeyi can be separated from both species by the forewing membrane whitish, with pterostigma and veins yellow, and the hypostomal carina not projecting anteriorly. Spinoliella packeri also resembles S. psamita in body color, shape of the metabasitibial plate, and the pygidial plate with a simple apex (not bifid). The former can be distinguished by its larger body size (head width 1.7 vs. 1.5 mm); frons, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum duller, finely punctate throughout; female pygidial plate with pointed apex; and male terga largely dark brown to black, without yellow or cream maculation but with the distal margins of at least the basal three terga light

reddish brown (terga in S. psamita with distinct yellow maculation laterally on basal four terga).

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED (n = 2♀♀, 4♂♂): Holotype ♂, Chile, Atacama, Travesía, Oct. 1969, col. Toro ( AMNH). Paratypes: CHILE: Antofagasta (R-II): 1♂, Antofagasta, Taltal, leg. J.L. Neff, 1.x.1972 [1 October 1972], on Oxalis (AMNH) ; Atacama (R-III): 1♀, 1♂, Atacama, 26 mi. S Copiapo , x.19.1969 [19 October 1969], Rozen & Peña (1♀, 1♂ SEMC, 1♂ AMNH) ; 1♂, Atacama, 55 km S Copiapo , x.21.1971 [21 October 1971], Rozen & Peña ( SEMC) ; 1♀, Atacama, Via Panam N of Caldera , leg. J.L. Neff, 2.x.1971 [2 October 1971], on Nolana (AMNH) .

MATERIAL EXAMINED (n = 27♀♀, 78♂♂): CHILE: Tarapacá (R-I): 1♂, E. Pozo Almonte [Tamarugal Province], -20.27720, -69.23552, 2358 m, 17.x.2013 [17 October 2013], L. Packer ( PCYU) ; Antofagasta (R-II): 1♀, 2♂♂, Region II, 13 km S, Paposo , S25°09.67′, W70°26.54′, 28.ix.2002 [28 September 2002], J. Grixti & A. Zayed // on Nolana paradoxa (PCYU) ; 4♀♀, 21♂♂, same as previous except 4.x.2002 [4 October 2002] (2♀♀, 19♂♂ PCYU, 2♀♀, 2♂♂ SEMC) ; 7♀♀, 5♂♂, same as previous except 5.x.2002 [5 October 2002] ( PCYU) ; 1♀, 1♂, 5 km N of Paposo , 25.x.01 [25 October 2001], L. Packer ( PCYU) ; 2♂♂, 13 km S of Paposo , blue pans, 29.ix–4.x.02 [29 September–4 October 2002], J. Grixti & A. Zayed ( AMNH) ; 1♂, Hwy 1, N of Paposo, 43 m, -24.739, -70.561, 7.iv.2015 [7 April 2015], L. Packer ( PCYU) ; 1♀, 35 km N of Paposo , -24.736, -70.567, 44 m, 7.v.2015 [7 May 2015], L. & L. Packer ( PCYU) ; 2♂♂, N of Paposo , 72 m, -24.91492, -70.51951, 7.v–20.x.2015 [7 May–20 October 2015], L. Packer, bvt [blue vane trap] ( PCYU) ; 3♀♀, 5♂♂ Punta Plata , 44 m, -24.73601, -70.56727, 7.v.2015 [7 May 2015], L. Packer, ex: Nolana (PCYU) ; 5♀♀, 5♂♂ SE of Punta Plata , 43 m, -24.73947, -70.56126, 7.v.2015 [7 May 2015], L. Packer ( PCYU) ; 1♀, 2♂♂, Beach , 16 km N of Taital [Tai-Tal], yellow pans, 20.xi.02 [20 November 2002], J. Grixti & A. Zayed (1♀ PCYU, 2♂♂ AMNH) ; 10♂♂, Rt. 1, ~ 15 km N Tai Tal [Tai-Tal], -25.27824, -70.44476, 16 m, 15.x.2010 [15 October 2010], L. Packer & E. Almeida ( PCYU) ; 2♂♂, N. of Taital [Tai-Tal], blue pans, 20.xi.02 [20 November 2002], J. Grixti & A. Zayed ( PCYU) ; 1♂, SE of Taital [ Tai-Tal ], -25.51670, -70.41994, 625 m, 15.x.2010 [15 October 2010], L. Packer & E. Almeida ( PCYU) ; Atacama (R-III): 4♂♂, N of Taital [ Tai-Tal ], 20. xi.2002 [20 November 2002], blue pan traps, A. Zayed & J. Grixti ( PCYU) ; 1♀, 2♂♂, Region III, 6 km E Balneario Obispito, S26.78334, W70.7490, v-1-2010 [1 May 2010], Packer & Almeida, 809 m ( PCYU) ; 1♂, Atacama: Mineral Atacama, NW Copiapó , 1100 m, October 4, 1980, Luis E. Peña ( SEMC) ; 1♂, Nr. Alto de Carmen , -28.67773, -71.61343, ix-15-2010 [15 September 2010], L. Packer, 680 m ( PCYU) ; 1♀, 1♂, Chañaral Pan Am. Hwy km 1005, 24.x.01 [24 October 2001], L. Packer ( PCYU) ; 1♂, Huasco Prov., 5 km N Incahausi, rd to Mina Los Cristales 990 m, pantrap MIrwin/DYeates, 29.1899°S, 71.0204°W ( BBSL) ; Coquimbo (R-IV): 8♂♂, Elqui Prov. [Region IV], Incahuasi , 1 Oct 1997, J.G. Rozen, H. Navarette ( AMNH) ; 2♀♀, same as previous except X-1-97 [1 October 1997] ( SEMC) .

DISTRIBUTION: Chile: Tarapacá (R-I): Tamarugal; Antofagasta (R-II): Antofagasta; Atacama (R-III): Copiapó, Chañaral, Huasco; Coquimbo (R-IV): Elqui.

FLORAL RECORDS: Alona rostrata Lindl. (Solanaceae) (note that some authors today consider Alona a synonym of Nolana , and so this species can also be found under the latter generic name); Cacabus flavus I.M. Johnst. (Solanaceae) ; Nolana paradoxa Lindl. (Solanaceae) ; Oxalis sp. (Oxalidaceae) .

COMMENTS: Both sexes of S. psamita often have yellow maculation on the labrum, distal half of clypeus, paraclypeal swelling, anterior surface of the scape, and lower paraocular, subantennal and supraclypeal areas; however, in specimens from Antofagasta such maculation is restricted to the paraclypeal swelling and anterior surface of the scape.

Figures

FIGURE 19. Spinoliella psamita Toro and Ruz from Atacama, Chile (SEMC). A. Detail of female frons. B. Detail of female mesoscutum and mesoscutellum in dorsal view. C. Female metabasitibial plate. D. Male metabasitibial plate. E. Female terminal metasomal terga.