Lamourouxia nelsonii Robinson & Greenman. Amer. J. Sci. Arts, 1895

Francisco-Gutiérrez, Antonio, Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, González, Dolores & Lira-Noriega, Andrés, 2023, Lamourouxia (Orobanchaceae) of Mexico, Phytotaxa 582 (1), pp. 1921-1935 : 1921-1935

14. Lamourouxia nelsonii Robinson & Greenman. Amer. J. Sci. Arts , ser. 3, 50: 174. 1895. Lectotype designated by Ernst (1972: 49):— MEXICO. Oaxaca, 6 miles above Dominguillo , 4500–5000 ft., 30 October 1894, E.W. Nelson 1833 (Lectotype: US566389!; isolectotype: GH00078582 !)

Figure 10 D–H .

Shrubs or sub-shrubs up to 160 cm tall, stems branched along the plant, erect, sometimes reclining, woody, glandularpubescent. Leaves sessile, narrowly ovate to linear-lanceolate, 20–75 × 6–15 mm, margin dentate to serrate rarely crenate, 5–14 teeth by side, teeth up to 3 mm long, apex acute, base attenuate to cuneate; membranous, glandularpubescent. Inflorescence a raceme, erect, pedicels thin, 1.5–9 mm long. Bracts equal along inflorescence, sessile, broadly ovate to linear-lanceolate, 8–39 × 6–15 mm, margin dentate, 4–10 teeth per side, teeth 0.4–0.9 mm long, apex acute, base cuneate to rounded. Calyx tubular without dots on the surface, 8–18 × 4–7 mm, lobes triangular to narrowly lanceolate, 6.3–8.2 × 2.1–2.5 mm, margin entire, very rarely lacerate, apex acute, glandular-pubescent. Corolla tubular, 42–63 × 5–9 mm, upper lip 12–23 × 4.2–6.4 mm, lower lip 16–19 × 2.6–4.2 mm, lobes 2–4 mm; salmon or orange to bright red, glandular-pubescent. Stamens exserted 2, up to 42 mm long, filaments of lower pair 10–46 mm long, anthers and filaments of upper pair not seen. Style 50–65 mm, stigma bilobed, 1.2 × 0.6–0.9 mm. Capsule ovoid, 7–17 × 5–8 mm. Seeds ca. 1 mm long, with reticulate coat.

Etymology: —The name honors E.W. Nelson, collector of the type specimen.

Common name: —Flor de lumbre.

Distribution and habitat: —This species is endemic to Mexico. It is distributed in the states of Guerrero, México, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, and Querétaro ( Fig. 10H ). The species was found at elevation from 868 to 2990 m in xerophytic scrubs ( Agave angustiarum Trelease in Standley (1920: 139), Opuntia Miller (1754 : s.n.), Myrtillocactus Console (1897: 8) , Rhus Linnaeus (1753: 265) , Schinus molle Linnaeus (1753: 388–389) , Yucca periculosa , Beaucarnea Lemaire (1861: 57 , 59), Dasylirion Zuccarini (1838: 258) , Bursera galeottiana Engler (1880: 43–44) , tropical deciduous forests, oak forests ( Q. castanea , Q. laeta Liebmann in Forchhamer (1854: 179 [–180]), and rarely in pine and oak forests and cloud forests.

Phenology: —Specimens with flowers and fruits were collected throughout the year except for February, October, and December.

Examined specimens: — MEXICO. Ciudad de México: Autopista México-Cuernavaca , km 53, 2050 m, 12 July 1959, Espinosa 147 ( ENCB!, MEXU!) . Estado de México: Ixtapaluca , ca. 5 mi W of Río Frío, 05 July 1982, Spooner & Triplehorn 2102 ( MEXU!) . Guerrero: Teloloapan, Xalostoc , 30 km al NW de Iguala, 1420 m, 25 August 1982, Tenorio et al. 1507 ( MEXU!) . Tlapa de Comonfort , en el puente El Salado, a 8 km al N de Tlapa, 990 m, 25 August 1982, Martínez et al. 2692 ( MEXU!, US!) . Morelos: Cuernavaca, lava beds near Cuernavaca , 26 June 1896, Pringle 6331 ( MEXU!, MO, US!) . Tlayacapan, Ca. Tlayacapan, sobre la carretera hasta Oaxtepec, ca. 1.5 km del cruce con la carretera Totolapan-Yautepec , 1660 m, 20 June 1980, Lott 244 ( ENCB!, MEXU!) . Oaxaca: Huajuapan de León, Route 15, at km 376, ca. 13.5 km northwest of Tamazulapan , 2260 m, 21 July 1966, Cruden 1095 ( MEXU!) ; 4 km al NW sobre la carretera de Huajuapan de León, 2100 m, 30 May 1973, Rzedowski 30702 ( MEXU!) ; 7 km NW of Huajuapan de Leon on hwy 190, 20 July 1993, Seigler et al. DS13979 ( MEXU!) ; 10 km al N de Huajuapan de León o 2 km al N de Luz Nagore carr. Huajuapan-Tehuacán , 1170 m, 17 July 1982, Torres-Colín 780 ( MEXU!) ; La Reforma entre Huajuapan de León y Tamazulapan, 06 June 1985, Torres-Colín & García-Mendoza 6654 ( MEXU!, MO) . San Jerónimo Sosola , 1500 m, 24 July 1993, Salinas & Flores 7329 ( MEXU!) . San Juan Bautista Cuicatlán, La Mantecosera, San José El Chillar , 868 m, 14 August 2002, Cruz & San-Pedro 1048 ( MEXU!) ; Barraca de las Guacamayas, San José El Chilar , 1107 m, 15 August 2002, Cruz & San-Pedro 1074 ( MEXU!) , 1187 m, 29 September 2002, Soto et al. 23974 ( MEXU!) ; San Juan Coyula , 1049 m, 20 June 2002, García et al. 869 ( MEXU!) . San Juan Mixtepec , 4 km al NO, 1780 m, 08 July 1988, Reyes-Santiago 314 ( MEXU!) . San Martín Toxpalan , 1 km al SE, 29 July 1983, Chiang et al. 2381 ( MEXU!, MO!) . San Pedro Nopala, 6 km al N, Cerro Pericón , 2700 m, 16 April 1990, García-Mendoza & Reyes-Santiago 4581 ( MEXU!) . Santiago Chazumba, Agua del Coyote , ca. 1.5 km al O de Olleras de Bustamante, 1670 m, 29 April 2010, Carrillo-Reyes & Cabrera-Toledo 6054 ( MEXU!) . Santa Catarina Zapoquila, La Garabatera, abajo del Rincón del Chicamole , 2400 m, Tenorio 19055 ( MEXU!) . Teotitlán de Flores Magón, 3 km delante de Teotitlán del Camino, por la carretera a Huautla de Jiménez , 1300 m, 29 June 1987 Salinas et al. 4099 ( MEXU!) . Tlacotepec de Mejía , C. Peña Agujerada, 2300 m, 12 July 1971, Cabrera s.n. ( ENCB!) . Zapotitlán Palmas, 2 mi E of Oaxaca border, 9.6 mi NW of Huajuapan, along hwy 190, 20 July 1979, Case et al. 101 ( ENCB!) ; Frontera Puebla-Oaxaca, carr. Acatlán-Huajuapan de León , 2050 m, 06 June 1985, Torres-Colín & García-Mendoza 6651 ( MEXU!, MO) . 16 km al SE de Dominguillo, 11 km al NW de Tonaltepec, entre Cuicatlán y Telixtlahuaca , 1500 m, 05 May 1980, González-Medrano et al. F1097 ( MEXU!) . Puebla: Amozoc, Parque estatal Gral. Lázaro Cárdenas , 2240 m, 20 May 1993, Martínez 825 ( MEXU!) . Atexcal, carretera Pino Suárez-San Juan Ixcaquixtla , 22 June 2015, Castañeda MCZ1071 ( MEXU!) . Atlixco , 23 March 1941, Miranda 1433 ( MEXU!) . Caltepec , 10 July 1980, González-Medrano et al. 11630 ( MEXU!) ; a 2 km de la entrada de Caltepec, al SW del poblado, 1750 m, 08 July 2002, Alvarado-Cárdenas et al. 126 ( MEXU!) ; Barranca de los Membrillos , 1860 m, Tenorio 3798 ( MEXU!) ; cerro El Gavilán, al SE de Caltepec , 05 May 1983, Tenorio et al. 3718 ( MEXU!) , 14 July 1986, Tenorio et al. 11778 ( MEXU!) ; ladera N de la Mesa de Pala , al SE de Acatepec, 2180 m, 14 August 1984, Tenorio & Romero 6879 ( MEXU!) ; roca al SE de Cruz Chica, Acatitlán, 2137 m, 14 April 2001, Tenorio 20070 ( MEXU!) . Chalchicomula, Sierra de Chalchi , June 1945, Miranda 3568 ( MEXU!) . Chapulco , a 5 km al NO de Azumbilla, 2300 m, 26 June 1987, Martínez 21667 ( MEXU!, MO) . Huehuetlán El Grande , carretera de Valsequillo al Aguacate , 5 km antes de llegar al Aguacate , 16 July 1994, Rodríguez 899 ( MEXU!) . Jolalpan , Cerro El Jumil, al NW de Zacacuautla, 1700 m, 17 July 1984, Guízar 1397 ( MEXU!) . Santiago Miahuatlán , 1941 m, 26 July 2014, Castañeda MCZ834 ( MEXU!) . Santo Tomás Hueyotlipan , 3 km al sur de San Miguel Zacaola, 2000 m, 27 June 1982, González-Medrano et al. 12632 ( MEXU!) . Tehuacán, Cerro El Tepechante, Magdalena Cuayucatepec , 1808 m, 01 January 2015, Castañeda MCZ984 ( MEXU!) ; 2 km al O, 1750 m, 23 July 1979, Chiang-Cabrera et al. 25 ( MEXU!, MO) ; 24 km al NW, en la estación de microondas, rumbo a Tecamachalco , 27 July 1983, Chiang-Cabrera et al. 2328 ( MEXU!) ; 3 miles NE, along road to Veracruz , 04 August 1963, Gentry et al. 20245 ( MEXU!, US!), 2.2 mi NE of San Antonio Texcala, 2010 m, 17 July 1978, Pennell et al. 188 ( ASU!, MEXU!) ; Meseta de San Lorenzo , 27 June 1987, Salinas et al. 4030 ( MEXU!) ; on La Mesa above El Riego, July 1961, Smith Jr. et al. 3773 ( MEXU!, US!) ; near Cerro Colorado beyond Santa Cruz , July 1961, Smith Jr. et al. 4065 ( MEXU!, US!) . Tepanco de López, 0.5 mi N of Cacaloapan on Rte 150 libre to Puebla , 26 May 1986, Luckow 3183 ( MEXU!) ; 6 km al SW de San Andrés Cacaloapan , 1694 m, 11 May 2007, Rosas et al. 2978 ( MEXU!) ; 2.5–3.5 mi NW of Cacalopan , 06 July 1972, Webster et al. 17236 ( MEXU!) . Zapotitlán Salinas, Cerro La Flor al O de La Estanzuela, 2300 m, 12 July 1986, Salinas et al. F3415 ( MEXU!) ; 1 km al SW de Zapotitlán Salinas , 1700 m, 29 June 1991, Valiente et al. 908 ( MEXU!) . Querétaro: Pinal de Amoles , La Cuesta, 3 km al S de Escanelilla, 1100 m, 14 July 1983, Fernández & Acosta 2151 ( MEXU!) .

Figures

FIGURE 10. Lamourouxia multifida. A) Inflorescence. B) Leaves. C) Distribution map. Lamourouxia nelsonii. D, E) Inflorescence. F) Leaves. G) Detail of fruit. H) Distribution map. Credits in Appendix I.