Seriphium spirale (Lessing) Koekemoer, 2016

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2016, A monograph of Stoebe and Seriphium (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) in southern Africa and neighbouring islands, Phytotaxa 242 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

9. Seriphium spirale (Lessing) Koekemoer , comb. nov. Stoebe spiralis Lessing (1832: 347) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Stellenbosch , May , Mundt et Maire s.n. (P!, holotype).

= Seriphium flavescens Candolle (1838: 263) . Stoebe spiralis var. flavescens (Candolle) Harvey (1865: 283) . Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Drège 5681 (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here).

= Seriphium flavescens var. lanatum Candolle (1838: 263) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Drakensteenberg, Drège 1704 (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here).

= Seriphium fuscum Candolle (1838: 262) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Burchell 8644 (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here).

Vernacular name: Geel Hartebeeskaroo.

A much branched, white tomentose or grey-green shrub or subshrub, up to 0.5 m tall. Branches densely leafy, tomentose or glaucous. Leaves slender, up to 8 mm long, occasionally short, up to 3 mm long, and adpressed for about half the length, very variable, tightly involute, rarely spreading horizontally, more often spirally twisted, ascending or inclined; always at least basally adpressed; densely woolly to glaucous; tips slightly reflexed, acute or shortly mucronate. Synflorescences terminal; globose, subglobose or cylindrical, up to 50 mm long, rarely with

STOEBE AND SERIPHIUM ( GNAPHALIEAE )

Phytotaxa 242 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 41 basal clusters. Capitula 1-flowered. Receptacle stalk-like. Involucral bracts 12–14, bright yellow or creamy, outermost much shorter than the innermost, somewhat leaf-like and woolly, innermost acute to acuminate, as long as or a little shorter than the mature floret. Disc florets bisexual, corolla 3.5 mm long, cylindrical, yellow, fading to light brown after anthesis; corolla lobes small, erect, triangular. Stamens 5, apical appendage lanceolate, basally tailed. Style bifid, branches usually not exserted from the corolla at maturity, base slightly bulbous. Nectaries absent. Cypselas short-hairy; ribs faint. Pappus setae 14, slightly joined at the base, 2.5 mm long, much shorter than the corolla tube. Flowering February to June.

Distribution and habitat: —Widespread in the Western Cape. Figure 18 .

Ecology: —Mountain slopes and valleys on Table Mountain Sandstone soils. At elevations of 200–1400 m.

Conservation status: —Least Concern.

Notes: —This species vegetatively is almost identical to Se. incana but may be clearly separated from that species by floral and involucral characters.

Additional specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. Clanwilliam div., Cederberg near Algeria For. St. (3219AC), March 1940, Stokoe SAM58130 (SAM); Sneeuberg, Cederberg, in Ceder plots N of hut (3219AC), 13 March 1985, Taylor 11298 (NBG, PRE); Ceres, old Elandskloof (3219CA), 24 March 1951, Barker 7271 (NBG); Ceres, new Elandskloof Pass (3219CA), 7 April 1947, Compton 19452 (NBG); Ceres, Hexberg, Cold Bokkeveld mts. , E slopes (3219CA), 24 March 1951, Esterhuysen 18441 (PRE); Clanwilliam div., top of Hexberg (3219CA), March 1951, Stokoe SAM52031 (PRE); Wupperthal, Ringsfontein, N of Porterville (3219CC), 10

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KOEKEMOER

February 1978, Boucher 3650 (NBG); Ceres, Schoongezicht, Cold Bokkeveld Mt., stoney slopes (3219CC), 4 April 1953, Esterhuysen 21296 (PRE); Cold Bokkeveld, Schoongezicht (3219CC), April 1939, Stokoe SAM54196 (SAM); Clanwilliam div., E of Citrusdal, Skurfdebergen (3219CD), February 1928, Primos SAM45696 (SAM); Jonkershoek, beside pathway to waterfalls (3318DD), 29 February 1936, Borchardt 1554 (PRE); Jonkershoek forest reserve, Stellenbosch, SW Cape, Swartboschkloof, SE slopes below watch-house (3318DD), 27 March 1964, Bos 1362 (K, PRE); Paarl, Berg River Hoek (3318DD), 8 April 1944, Compton 15655 (NBG); Paarl, Berg river Valley, SE slopes (3318DD), 17 April 1944, Esterhuysen PRE44513 (PRE); Road to Nerinekloof (Jonkershoek?) (3318DD), 16 March 1946, Jordaan s.n. (NBG); Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek, Langrivier usually on skeletal soils or disturbed soils, 2000’ (3318DD), February 1965, Kerfoot 5164 (PRE); Jonkershoek For. Res. (3318DD), 11 March 1976, Leeuwenberg 10944 (NBG); Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek (3318DD), 15 April 1949, Morris 18 (NBG); CBS, Stellenbosch (3318DD), May 1817, Mundt & Maire (P); Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek (3318DD), 6 March 1963, Taylor 4641 (PRE); Stellenbosch, Lambrechtsbos, Jonkershoek, S slopes of a Jonkershoek catchment (3318DD), 4 March 1964, Taylor 5712 (NBG, PRE); Haelkop, above Waboom, level (3318DD), 4 May 1964, Taylor 5766 (K, NBG, PRE); Stellenbosch, Swartboskloof (3318DD), 20 March 1960, Van der Merwe 2124 (NBG); Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek Twins, summit (3318DD), 28 March 1943, Wasserfall 89 (NBG); Gt. Winterhoek Mt., Tulbagh, mt. side near Sneeuwgat camp (3319AA), 13 February 1934, Galpin 12586 (PRE); Gt. Winterhoek, shale band above De Tronk (3319AA), 4 April 1981, Low 1146 (NBG); Worcester, Rocklands farm 30 km N of Ceres (3319AB), 10 March 1981, Hugo 2502 (NBG, PRE); Ceres, in Schurweberg near Ceres at high altitudes (3319AB), 14 May 1986, Van Breda 4614 (PRE); On the Witzenberg Range near Tulbagh (3319AC), 17 April 1811, Burchell 8690 (K); Tulbagh, Zevenfontein Nat. Res. (3319AC), 10 June 1969, Haynes 115 (NBG, PRE); Goudini rd., Waaihoek (3319AD), Barnard SAM45668 (SAM); Worcester, Ceres, southern end of Witzenberg Range. Lower E slopes of Ceres Mountain. Dwars River Valley. Mitchell's Pass, 3 km W of Ceres Nature Reserve (3319AD), 17 March 1988, Brusse 5391 (PRE); Ceres div., N slopes of Michell Peak, 3000’ (3319AD), 27 March 1949, Esterhuysen 15215 (PRE); Ceres flats (3319AD), April 1894, Guthrie 2264 (NBG); Ceres, 600m (3319AD), April 1887, Marloth 1701 (PRE); Ceres, Michells Pass (3319AD), March 1926, Smith 2700 (K, PRE); Worcester, Hex River Mts. (3319AD), May 1976, Stirton 5849 (NBG); Cold Bokkeveld, slopes of Hex Berg, Ceres side (3319AD), March 1936, Thorne SAM52031 (SAM); Worcester div., Waaihoek mts. (3319AD/CB), May 1942, Stokoe SAM45668 (PRE); Worcester, Matroosberg, steep rocky SE slopes (3319BC/BD), 4 April 1958, Esterhuysen 27660 (PRE); Bainskloof Pass (3319CA), April 1915, Bolus US 17610 (NBG); Bains Kloof (3319CA), 29 May 1946, Compton 18007 (NBG); Wellington, Bains Kloof (3319CA), 2 May 1940, Compton 8773 (NBG); Du Toitskloof, Kromme River, near river (3319CA), 23 February 1987, Fellingham 1265 (NBG); Hawequas, Slanghoekberge, grassy (3319CA), 1 March 1987, Forsyth 428 (NBG, PRE); Paarl, Bains Kloof, wet banks along road E of hotel (3319CA), 5 April 1974, Goldblatt 1357 (NBG, PRE, S); Paarl, upper slopes of Krom River Peak, N of Du Toitskloof (3319CA), 16 June 1974, Goldblatt 2072 (NBG, PRE); Du Toitskloof, top of pass, S slope (3319CA), 6 March 1979, Hugo 1524 (NBG, PRE); Wellington, Bains Kloof, upper part, 700 m (3319CA), April 1925, Marloth 12020 (PRE); Worcester, Bainskloof, valley leading N of tollgate, E slopes (3319CA), 7 February 1966, Thompson 146 (K, NBG, PRE); Du Toits Kloof (3319CA/CC), October-January 1839, Drege (K); Paarl dist., Suurvlakte, above Du Toitskloof, on plateau and lower slopes of Kromme River Peak (3319CA/CC), 15 June 1974, Esterhuysen 33557 (K); Hex River Mountains, bottom slopes of Brandwacht Mts. (3319CB), 23 June 1979, Campbell 10992 (NBG); Worcester dist.: Fonteintjiesberg. Lower E slopes above ‘Onserus’ (3319CB), 6 April 1975, Esterhuysen 33804 (S); Worcester mountains (3319CB), February 1883, Rehman 2631 (PRE); Paarl div., Haalhoek Sneeuwkop, middle S slopes (3319CC), 4 April 1942, Esterhuysen 7720 (PRE); Paarl/Worcester, Du Toits Peak (3319CC), 6 April 1965, Hallas s.n. (NBG); Frensch Hoek, Assegaaibos Reserve (3319CC), 28 February 1936, Hubbard 309 (NBG); Franshoekpas (3319CC), 23 March 1996, Koekemoer 1255 (PRE); Zachariashoek Catchment, Kasteelkloof (3319CC), 30 March 1978, Lamb 47 (NBG, PRE); Worcester, Zachariashoek Exp. catchment, Kasteelkloof (3319CC), 8 March 1973, Smith 114 (NBG, PRE); Paarl, Drakenstein Mts. (3319CC), April 1882, Tyson 838 (SAM); Franch Hoek, Zachariashoek, Kasteelkloof (3319CC), 24 March 1983, Viviers 1133 (NBG, PRE); Caledon dist., 'Silverstream' near 'Boskloof' in mountains E of Villiersdorp (3319CD), 14 May 1974, Esterhuysen 33528 (K); Robertson-Worcester, Sawedge Peak, rocky slopes & cliffs, N side (3319DA), 17 April 1954, Esterhuysen 22844 (PRE); Worcester, Jonaskop (3319DC), 15 March 1975, Boucher 2737 (NBG); Swellendam, plateau of One O'clock Mt. (3320CA), 6 March 1953, Wurts 579 (NBG); Langeberg along trail between Goedgeloof hut and Warmwaternek (3320CD), 3 May 1981, Du Plessis 26 (NBG); Langeberg, Marloth Nature Reserve, Swellendam

STOEBE AND SERIPHIUM ( GNAPHALIEAE )

Phytotaxa 242 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 43 Hiking trail, path above Goedgeloof huts, above 50 m above huts (3320CD), 20 April 1990, McDonald 1927 (PRE); Anysberg Nat. Res. (3320DA), 10 August 1993, Germishuizen 6573 (PRE); Ladismith, Anysberg (3320DA/BC/DB), 3 June 1956, Esterhuysen 25985 (PRE); Ladismith, Touwsberg, S slopes (3320DB), 1 June 1956, Esterhuysen 25899 (K); Swellendam, Tradouws Pass (3320DC), 25 March 1940, Compton 8571 (NBG); Boosmansbos Wilderness Area, Langeberg. On N-facing slope of ridge above path from Helderfontein to Loerklip (3320DD), 28 May 1986, McDonald 1155 (NBG, PRE); Zwartbergen, Seven Weeks Poort (3321AD), 10 July 1903, Marloth 2948 (NBG, PRE); Ladismith, S slope of Klein Swartberg (3321AD), 17 March 1955, Wurts 1338 (NBG); Ladismith, S slopes of Swartberge below Towerkop (3321BC/BD), 23 April 1951, Esterhuysen 18554 (PRE); Gamka Mt. Nat. Res., top of mountain plateau on level, western boundary near gate on top (3321CB), 10 May 1983, Cattell 244 (NBG, PRE); Van Wyksdorp, Rooiberg (3321CB), 4 May 1988, Hoekstra 67 (NBG, PRE); Riversdale, N slopes of Langeberg above Garcias Pass (3321CC), 19 May 1950, Esterhuysen 16998 (NBG, PRE); Riversdale div., Kampsch Berg (3321CD), 25 March 1923, Muir 2511 (PRE); Sandkraal, Zandkraalsberg (3321CD), 12 May 1982, Viviers 265 (NBG, PRE); Rooiberg, crest (3321DA), 2 May 1983, Marshall 26 (NBG); Ladismith, Rooiberg State Forest (3321DA), 2 June 1976, Taylor 9213 (K, NBG, PRE); Ladismith, Rooiberg down ridge from trig. 149, dry steep NE slope strewn with coarse rock debris (3321DA), 19 April 1977, Taylor 9616 (K, NBG, PRE); Oudtshoorn dist., Gamka Reserve near Calitzdorp, on rugged sandstone slope, S aspect in the Boskloof area (3321DB/DD), 23 May 1975, Esterhuysen 33841 (K); Prince Albert, near summit of Swartberg Pass (3322AA), December 1951, Stokoe SAM65920 (SAM); Karoo, Prince Albert (3322AA), 28 April 1956, Stokoe SAM69596 (PRE, SAM); Oudtshoorn, Swartberg, lower N slopes of Waboomsberg (3322AC), 21 March 1976, Hugo 168 (NBG, PRE); Cape Peninsula, Simonstown, Redhill (3418AB), 23 March 1940, Penfold 264 (NBG); Muizenberg Mountains (3418AB), 23 March 1897, Wolley Dod 2530 (K); Cape of Good Hope Nat. Res., at start of Kanonkop hiking trail (3418AD), 15 September 1990, Koekemoer 459 (PRE); Between Palmiet River and Lowrys Pass (3418BB), 22 March 1818, Burchell 8183 (K); Grietjiesgat pr. Palmiet River (3418BB), Ecklon 332 (SAM); Grietjiesgat pr. Palmiet River (3418BB), May, Ecklon 493 (56.5) (G, SAM, S); Kogelberg Nat. Res. (3418BB), 5 March 1991, Koekemoer 571 (PRE); Kogelberg Nat. Res. (3418BB), 5 March 1991, Koekemoer 572 (PRE); Sir Lowrys Pass (3418BB), April 1884, MacOwan 117 (G, K, P, SAM, UPS); Caledon, above Sir Lowrys Pass (3418BB), 14 May 1951, Parker 4571 (K, NBG, UPS); Stellenbosch dist., near Van der Stel station in closed-in camp (3418BB), March 1930, Smith 6037 (PRE); Caledon, Steenbras (3418BB), 1942, Stokoe PRE44468 (PRE); Sir Lowrys Pass (3418BB), 30 March 1960, Van Rensburg 345 (NBG, PRE); Sir Lowrys Pass (3418BB), 20 March 1937, Wall 275 (S); Caledon div., Paardeberg Mts. (3418BD), March 1949, Stokoe SAM63078 (SAM); Caledon div., Paardeberg Mts. (3418BD), March 1949, Stokoe SAM63677 (SAM); Between Houw Hoek mountains and Palmiet River (3419AA), 21 March 1815, Burchell 8166 (K, P); Houw Hoek, mountain slopes (3419AA), April 1892, Guthrie 2264 (NBG); Near Grabouw, Viljoens Pass (3419AA), 23 March 1996, Koekemoer 1256 (PRE); Lower slopes of Viljoens Pass (3419AA), 13 March 1991, Koekemoer 626 (PRE); Houw Hoek, in saxosis (3419AA), 1 May 1896, Schlechter 7777 (E, G, K, P, PRE, S); Caledon div., Palmiet River, Elgin (3419AA), 28 February 1942, Stokoe 8721 (PRE); Hermanus, Vogelgat, along trail from basecamp to Bird’s Eye (3419AC), 27 February 1991, Koekemoer 537 (PRE); Caledon, Klein River Mts. (3419AD), 2 April 1956, Stokoe SAM69613 (SAM); Caledon, Vogelgat, above Olinia Glade (3419AD), 4 April 1979, Williams 2750 (NBG); Caledon, Schilpadkop, River Zonder Einde (3419BA), 13 April 1941, Bond 992 (NBG); Near Genadendal, mountains of Baviaanskloof (3419BA), Burchell 7617 (K, PRE); Top of the mountains of Baviaanskloof near Genadendal (3419BA), 16 February 1818, Burchell 7764 (G-DC, K, P); Riviersonderend Mts., S slopes, Boesmanskloof near Greyton (3419BA), 21 April 1971, Kruger 1224 (NBG, PRE); Caledon div., Riviersonderend Mts. (3419BA), April 1941, Stokoe SAM58127 (SAM); Caledon div., Riviersonderend Mts. (3419BA), June 1949, Stokoe SAM63079 (SAM); Robertson dist., Riviersonderendberge (3419BB), 7 April 1974, Theron & studente 3049 (PRE); Robertson dist., Riviersonderendberge (3419BB), 13 April 1974, Theron & studente 3329 (PRE); Farm Jonasplaats, 20 miles S of Worcester, April 1920, Andreae 318 (PRE); Du Toits Kloof, October– January 1839, Drege (K, S); Prom. B. S., Drege (G); Drakensteenberg, Du Toitskloof, 29 March 1828, Drege 1704 (P); Du Toitskloof, 26 March 1828, Drege 5681 (P); Capland, Ecklon & Zeyher (51-8) (S); Montagu dist., Langeberg above Kruispad, between Leeurivierberg and Misty Pt., 1 September 1978, Esterhuysen 35002 (K); Paarl, Klein Drakenstein Mts, near Salem farm, 6 March 1931, Galpin 10619 (K, PRE); South Africa, Received Sept. 1860, Grey s.n. (K); Wellington dist., Wellington Sneeukop, 31 March 1923, Marloth 50 (PRE); Koude Bokkeveld, 7 September 1896, Schlechter 8881 (E, G, K, P, PRE, S); CBS, Thunberg (S);

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Stoebe Linnaeus (1753: 831) . Type species:— Stoebe aethiopica L.

= Perotriche Cassini (1818: 75) . Type species:— Perotriche tortilis Cassini (= Stoebe capitata P.J. Bergius).

Erect, prostrate or scrambling, single- or multi-stemmed, woody shrubs, 0.2–0.6(–1.8) m tall. Branches densely or sparsely leafy, often tomentose. Leaves small, alternate, often ericoid and twisted, abaxial surface glabrous or covered in a matted layer of hairs, rarely with waxy deposits; adaxial surface villous or tomentose. Synflorescences with numerous capitula in very tight or loose arrangements, globose, subglobose or cylindrical, often interspersed with subtending leaves. Capitula homogamous, discoid, 1-flowered. Receptacle naked, stalk-like on an inflated stem. Involucral bracts in few rows, innermost dry and membranous, outermost often shorter, somewhat woolly or foliacious. Disc florets white or pink, rarely plum-red, bisexual, regular, 5-lobed, corolla lobes spreading. Anthers syngenesious, 5, apically acute, basally tailed. Style branches truncate, pencilled at the tip. Nectaries present except in St. alopecuroides and St. rosea . Cypselas 5–10-ribbed, with or without a rim-like annulus. Pappus setae plumose, usually somewhat fused at the base, absent in St. montana and St. schultzii .

Diagnostic features: Capitula 1-flowered, florets tubular, white or pink, corolla lobes well-developed and spreading, nectaries present.

Sixteen species can be distinguished.

Distribution and habitat: Western Cape, with some species extending eastwards to the Eastern Cape and northwards to the Northern Cape. Mountainous and coastal areas in the Western, Eastern and Northern Cape.

Figures

FIGURE 18:—Known distribution of Seriphium spirale in South Africa.