Seriphium kilimandscharicum (Hoffmann) Koekemoer, 2016

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2016, A monograph of Stoebe and Seriphium (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) in southern Africa and neighbouring islands, Phytotaxa 242 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

4. Seriphium kilimandscharicum (Hoffmann) Koekemoer , comb. nov. Stoebe kilimandscharica Hoffmann (1895: 411) . Type:— TANZANIA. Kilimandjaro, above Maranga , 2700 m, October 1893, Volkens 1012 (K!, lectotype, designated here; E!, isolectotype).

= Stoebe elgonensis Mattfeld (1922: 236) . Type :— KENYA. Elgon, an Berghängen, ca. 3950 m, 10 October 1920, Lindblom s.n. (S!, lectotype, designated here).

A much-branched shrub or small tree, sometimes reaching a height of 6 m. Branches villous when young, becoming less hairy with age, with or without short shoots arising in the axils of the leaves on the main shoot, causing the leaves usually to appear tufted. Leaves linear, involute, more or less villous below, with matted wool above, spreading to antrorse, with two resin cavities at the leaf base; those on the main branches up to 6 mm long (frequently shorter); those on brachyblasts shorter; tips mucronate. Synflorescences variable, spike-like, occasionally with a few short branches towards the base or developing into a very complex panicle with brachyblasts. Capitula 1-flowered, in small groups in the axils of the leaves towards the ends of the branches, produced in large numbers. Receptacle stalk-like. Involucral bracts 8–12; the outermost leafy, gradually becoming brown or yellow in colour and scarious, tips obtuse or rounded; innermost about as long as the floret, tips acute to mucronate. Disc florets bisexual, 3 mm long, brownish yellow with plum-red tips, corolla lobes small, erect, triangular. Stamens 5, apical appendage lanceolate, basally tailed. Style bifid, branches much exserted at maturity, base bulbous. Nectaries absent. Cypselas with 5 well marked ribs, scaberulous, especially in the upper part. Pappus setae 16–20, plumose with soft hairs, not tufted at the tips; joined at the base, slightly shorter than the corolla. Flowering throughout the year. Flowering specimens mainly collected in February, September and October. In the Nyika National Park, Malawi, active vegetative growth took place in March–April and the plants probably do not flower before August.

Distribution: —High mountains of Kenya and bordering areas of Tanzania and Uganda. Also in northern Malawi (Nyika National Park) and Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ruwenzori and other mountains bordering the Rift Valley). Figure 13 .

Ecology: —Mountain slopes at high elevations, often on the edge of forests, between 2400 and 6000 m.

Conservation status: —Least Concern.

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KOEKEMOER

Additional specimens examined:— KENYA. Surinam track (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 17 April, Bernardi (G, K); Mt. Kenya. Sirimon track, moorland (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 1 January 1959, Coe & Kirika 489 (S); Mt. Kenya, W slopes, along trail from West Kenia Forest Station to summit (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 21/ 27 September 1909, E.A. Mearns 1472 (BM); NW slope of Mt. Kenya, on Sirimon Track, co-dominant, forming emergent layer in open scrub of Erica and other shrubs (heath zone) on sticky very black fine soil (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 18 March 1968, Fosberg & Mwangangi 49907 (K); Mt. Kenya, NW slopes in a patch of Philippia forest in the lower part of the Ericaceous belt (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 20 August 1948, Hedberg 1984 (K, S, UPS); K4, Mt. Kenya, Erica zone (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 5 April 1975, Hepper & Field 4865 (K); Mt. Kenya, Siramon track (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 17 September 1970, Kokwaro 2420 (K); Mt. Kenya (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), February 1936, Meinertzhagen s.n. (BM); Mt. Kenya (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 15 February 1936, Meinertzhagen s.n. (BM); Mt. Kenya, NW of the mountain slopes about 21 miles from the Nanyuki township (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 18 March 1968, Mwangangi & Fosberg 553 (K, PRE); Mt. Kenya (NE sector) (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 29 July 1949, Schelpe 2460 (BM); Mt. Kenya (NE sector), Kathita Riv. (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 9 August 1949, Schelpe 2640 (BM, S); Mt. Kenya, N slope, Sirimon Track (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 29 January 1971, Van Cotthem 970 (WAG); Abundant in Ericaceous belt on Mt. Kenya (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 31 January 1959, Van Zinderen Bakker

STOEBE AND SERIPHIUM ( GNAPHALIEAE )

Phytotaxa 242 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 23 941 (Sheet I & II) (BLFN, K); Mt. Kenya, N side, occuring almost pure at edges of Juniperus procera forest (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 30 August 1949, White 1258 (BM); Kenya, N slope of Mt. Kenya. Ericaceous belt in the surroundings of the Sirimon track (00 03.5 N, 37 12 E; 00 04.5 S, 37 18.5 E), 26 July 1975, Windels, G s.n. (WAG); Zinzinda (Kik), near Marania R. N. Kenia (00 05.5 N, 37 28 E), received 12 May 1923, Rammell 1072 (K); Mt. Aberdare (00 05– 00 45 S, 36 26– 36 52 E), February 1922, Fries & Fries 1312 (S); Mt. Aberdare, pr. Kougoni River (00 05– 00 45 S, 36 26– 36 52 E), 13 February 1922, Fries & Fries 1570 (S); Western Aberdares (00 05– 00 45 S, 36 26– 36 52 E), 12 May 1923, Gardner 1112 (Sheet I & II) (K); Kenya, Nyeri distr., Aberdares, Fort Jerusalem (00 05– 00 45 S, 36 26– 36 52 E), 15 March 1964, Verdcourt 3995 (K, PRE); Mt. Kenya (00 09 S, 37 19 E), 6 February 1912, Alluaud 224 (P); Mt. Kinagop (00 37.5 S, 36 42.5 E), 20 February 1912, Alluaud 300 (P); Kenya, Nawasha Dist, K3, Loreko, Kinangop (00 37.5 S, 36 42.5 E), 13 October 1940, Bally 1167 (K); Aberdares, Kinagop Track (00 37.5 S, 36 42.5 E), 21 June 1962, Coe 801 (K, PRE); Aberdare Mts., near Kinobep Hill (00 37.5 S, 36 42.5 E), February 1905, Unknown (K); Kenya, K6, Enesambulai Valley (Nasampolai), on the slopes of the valley on a volcanic loam (00 48.5 S, 36 07 E), 05 March 1969, Greenway & Kanuri 13578 (K, PRE); Kenya, Mt. Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), March 1974, H.J. McClintock s.n. (BM); Kenya, Mt. Elgon, Eastern slope above Tweedie's saw-mill, Ericaceous belt (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 23 February 1948, Hedberg 134 (K, S, UPS); Mt. Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 8 March 1938, Holm 64 (S); Mt. Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 10 June 1920, Lindblom (S); Mt. Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), December 1930, Lugard 315 (K); K3, Trans Nzoia dist., Mt. Elgon, fertile riverine forest on loam soil (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 22 December 1967, Mwangangi & Kariuki 372 (K); Mt. Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 28 October 1923, Snowden 803 (Sheet I & II) (BM, K, P); Mt. Elgon, Mudange (01 08 N, 34 33 E), August 1934, Synge 954 (BM, S); Nyaza prov., Trans-Nzria dist., Mt. Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 20 February 1935, Taylor 3457 (BM, S); NE Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), March 1955, Tweedie 1297 (K); Kenya, Cherangani Hills, Elgon (01 15 N, 35 27 E), December 1933, Powles 23 (K); Kenya, Cherangani Hills near tree line (01 15 N, 35 27 E), 2 January 1961, Van Zinderen Bakker 966 (BLFN, K, PRE); Meru Mt. crater (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 28 December 1965, Richards 20915 (K); Kenya Colony, Dale 680 (K); Kenia, received 13 January 1912, Hutchins 392 (K); Kenia, occid.: regio Hagenia, 2 February 1922, Rob. E. och Th. C.E. Fries 1312 (K, WAG); Kenya K2, N Cherangani Hills, Chepkotet (1º15'N, 35º26'E), 12(–13) August 1968, Thulin & Tidigs 250 (K); Kenia, October 1927, Watt 1156 (K). UGANDA. Mt. Elgon, heath zone (01 08 N, 34 33 E), January 1918, Dümmer 3532 (BOL, K, NBG, P); Bugishu Dist, Mt. Elgon, W slopes above Butadiri, along track via Mudangi through the Caldera, Hagenia (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 04 December 1967, Hedberg 4551 (K, UPS); Mt. Elgon, abundant around Madangi Camp (01 08 N, 34 33 E), April 1930, Liebenberg 1662 (Sheet I & II) (K); Mt. Elgon, from near stream just above Bulambuli (01 08 N, 34 33 E), April 1930, Liebenberg 1680 (K); Mount Elgon, Ericetum (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 23 February 1974, Lisowski 54497 (K); W province, Toro Dist., Ruwenzori, Mt. Elgon, W side (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 6 June 1949, Osmaston 3992(g) (K); Elgon (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 8 October 1961, Rose 10134 (K); Bugishu, Mt. Elgon, Bulambuli-Jackson's summit (01 08 N, 34 33 E), May 1935, Synge 1909 (BM, S); Along stream, Mt. Elgon, Bugiihu Co., Mtuh dist., eastern province (01 08 N, 34 33 E), 23 March 1951, Wood 158 (K); Karoto (Lugishu), Benet Sabei (01 22 N, 34 33 E), 14 December 1938, Thomas 2657 (K); Karamoja dist., Kadam Mt. (01 45 N, 34 43 E), April 1959, Wilson 791 (K); Summit of Mt. Moroto (02 32 N, 34 46 E), February 1936, Eggeling 2871 (K); Bulambuli, Eggeling 2447 (K). TANZANIA. Masai dist., Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Empakaai (Embagai) crater, W rim, top of the ridge, montane Helichrysum heath (02 56 S, 35 49 E), 21 September 1977, Raynal 19201 (K, P, WAG); Olomoti crater (03 00 S, 35 38 E), 15 September 1932, Burtt 4393 (K, PRE); N province, Nainokanoka, crater highlands. (03 01 S, 34 41 E), 30 July 1962, Newbould 6239 (K); N province, Nainokanoka, Olmoti mountain, Masai dist. (03 01 S, 35 41 E), October 1951, Eggeling 6333 (K); Mbulu dist, Loolmalassin Mt. (03 03 S, 35 50 E), 17 September 1932, Burtt 4206 (K); Mt. Kilimandjaro, prairies alpines, 2800 m (03 04 S, 37 22 E), 1 April 1912, Alluaud 319 (P); W side slope of Kilimanjaro in Stoebe kilimandscharika— Artemisia afra zone (03 04 S, 37 22 E), 4 July 1970, Friis, Ib 292 (WAG); Ngorongora Conservation Area, Lemagrut Mt., heath/ moorland (03 10 S, 35 21 E), 24 October 1988, Sebastian Chuwa 2703 (K); Ngorongoro crater, Empakai (03 10 S, 35 35 E), 1973, Frame 128 (K); Mt. Kilimanjaro, forest zone (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), March 1920, C.F.M. Swynnerton 786 (BM, K); Kilimanjaro, near Bismark Hut (Mandara Hut) (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 3 September 1929, Cotton 2 (K); Kilimandjaro, S slope at Bismark hut (Mandara Hut) (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 27 February 1953, Fries, Magnus (S); Close to Bismarck Hut in grassland, Mt. Kilimanjaro (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 24 February 1953, G.H.S. Wood 905 (BM); Northern Province, Kilimanjaro (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 08 December 1932, Geilinger 4433 (K); Northern Province, Kilimanjaro —Kibu, N side (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 26 December 1932, Geilinger 5060 (K); Kilimanjaro,

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KOEKEMOER edge of swamp, near camp (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 21 February 1933, Gilbert Rogers 573 (Sheet I & II) (K, S); Kilimanjaro, Bismark Hill (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 25 February 1934, Greenway 3794 (K); Mt. Kilimanjaro (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 27 August 1927, Piemeisel & Kephart 423 (BM); Kilimanjaro, Gurtelwald (obere Grenze) (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 18 February 1934, Schlieben 4805 (BM, G, P, S); Marangu, Kilimanjaro, (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), 17 December 1960, Smith 1414 (K); Marangu, 8500ft, Kilimanjaro Forest Reserve, Moshi Dist. (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), November 1960, Steele 147 (K); Kilimanjaro , Oberhalt Maranga (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), October 1893, Volkens 1012 (E, K); Kilimanjaro , oberhalb Marunga (03 10.5 S, 37 31 E), February 1894, Volkens 1866 (BM, G); Arusha Region , Mt. Meru , W slopes near mountain hut. On loose dry sandy materials, upper part of ericaceous belt (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 4 September 1966, Bie 66116 (UPS); Arusha dist, crater of Mt. Meru (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 29 March 1927, Burtt 1715 (BM, K); Arusha dist, Mt. Meru (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 29 September 1932, Burtt 408 (K); Arusha region , Arumeru dist. , Mt. Meru , west side of cinder cone, just off trail from end of road from Forest Training Institute , in transition zone between tundra and alpine heath (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 10 January 1985, Gereau 1653 (PRE); Mt. Meru , W slopes above Olkakola estate, in the uppermost part of the ericaceous belt (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 26 October 1948, Hedberg 2277 (K, S, UPS); Arusha Dist. , Meru Mt. , Najuka ( Njeku ) Camp (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 3 February 1968, Richards 23053 (K, P); Arusha dist. , Arusha Nat. Park , Meru Crater (03 14 S, 36 45 E), 30 January 1969, Richards 23856 (K); Mbulu dist. , Oldeani Volcano, N slopes (03 16 S, 35 26 E), 23 September 1932, Burtt 4230 (G, K, P); Masai Distr. , amongst rocks in upland moor on a rocky volcanic mountain peak, Oldeani Mountain Peak (03 16 S, 35 26 E), 26 November 1956, Greenway 9066 (K, PRE); Mufindi dist. , on south side of and near the main road, opposite the entrance to Lugodo Factory (08 35 S, 35 15 E), 14 August 1971, Perdue & Kibuwa 11117 (K); Mbeya dist. , slopes of Wentzel Heckman crater ( Ngozi Lake ) (09 00.5 S, 33 33 E), 29 August 1936, Burtt 6341 (BM, K); Tanganyika, S. Highlands, dist. Rungwe , in low bushland by the lower Kiwira River by the lower fishing camp NW of Rungwe Mts. (09 02 S, 33 38 E), 24 October 1947, Brenan & Greenway 8197 (K); Rungwe, S highlands by the lower Kiwira River by the lower fishing camp NW of Rungwe Mountains (09 02 S, 33 38 E), 24 October 1947, Brenan 8197 (PRE); Rungwe dist. , lower fishing camp, Kiwara River (09 02 S, 33 38 E), 9 August 1949, Greenway 8383 (K); W slopes of Mt. Rungwe (09 02 S, 33 38 E), 11 March 1932, St. Clair-Thompson 871 (K); S.H. Province, Rungwe Mountain , NE side (09 09.5 S, 33 40.5 E), October 1959, Procter 1442 (K, PRE); Njonbe dist. , Kipengue (09 10 S, 34 15 E), 7 August 1951, Tropuell 2162 (K); S Highlands Province , near Ukinga , Njombe dist. (09 10 S, 35 15 E), May 1953, Eggeling 6622 (K); Stromgebiet des oberen Ruhudje , Landschaft Lupembe , nördlich des Flusses (09 21 S, 34 45 E), April 1931, Schlieben 731 (BM, G, K, P, S); Njombe (09 35 S, 34 25 E), 29 November 1931, Lynes ( Rear-Admiral ) 71 (K); Iringa , Makete , ridge top W of Ndumbi River gorge near S edge of Kitulo ( Elton ) plateau (10 01 S, 39 42 E), 12 February 1989, Gereau , Lovett & Mtweve 3138 (PRE); Iringa , Makete , ridge top W of Ndumbi River gorge near S edge of Kitulo ( Elton ) plateau (10 01 S, 39 42 E), 12 February 1989, Gereau , Lovett & Mtweve 3139 (PRE); Mbeya dist, Irungu Forest Reserve , along the way to Kitulo (10 01 S, 39 42 E), 15 November 1982, Magogo 2300 (K); Njombe dist. , between Lisitu and Lugalawa (9º48'S, 34º43'E), 23 September 1970, Thulin & Mhoro 1107 (K, S); T7, Mbeya dist. , summit Mt. Mbogo (9º10S 33º18'E), 7 November 1966, Gillett 17651 (K); Near top camp, occasional in bamboo zone, 12 November 1933, Tothill 2371 (K). MALAWI. North Nyassa Distr. , Nyika Plateau (04 45 S, 39 00 E), 18 August 1946, Brass 17319 (BM, K, PRE); Nyassa Hochland , station Kyimbila dist. (09 17 S, 33 39 E), 18 June 1912, Stolz 1283 (BM, G, K, P, PRE, S, SAM); Nyassa-See- und Kinga-Gebirgs-Expedition, Kinga , Goetze 1198 (BM, E, G, P); Nyassa , 1912, Stolz 24573 (PRE). ZAIRE. Montagnes a l’Ouest du Lac Kivu (Congo Belge ): Monts Biega (02 00 S, 29 10 E), March 1929, Humbert 7582 (P); Kivu (02 00 S, 29 10 E), 6 August 1954, Marlier 1417 (K); Congo, Kivu Province, Mont Muhi , territoire de kabare Kivu ' Sud' — Congo Belge (06 49 S, 29 08 E), 29 July 1955, Kinet 66 (K, WAG); Kivu, Kabare , Muhi , paus une prairie subalpine sur le sentier du village Nya-Kariba savane a suffrutex (07 35 S, 29 16 E), 27 July 1955, Kinet 4 (K); Mont Kahusi , (? Belgian congo), July 1945, Hendrickse 3219 (PRE); Congo-Kinshasa , Kivu, Mont Kahuzi. Ericetum, 12 June 1971, Lisowski 355 (K) .

Figures

FIGURE 13:—Known distribution of Seriphium kilimandscharicum in Africa.