Leptocereus paniculatus (Lam.) D. R. Hunt Bradleya 9: 89. 1991.

Majure, Lucas C., Encarnacion, Yuley, Clase, Teodoro, Peguero, Brigido, Ho, Kelly & Barrios, Duniel, 2021, Phylogenetics of Leptocereus (Cactaceae) on Hispaniola: clarifying species limits in the L. weingartianus complex and a new species from the Sierra de Bahoruco, PhytoKeys 172, pp. 17-37 : 17

3. Leptocereus paniculatus (Lam.) D. R. Hunt Bradleya 9: 89. 1991. Figs 4 , 6

Cactus paniculatus Lam. Encyl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 1: 540. 1785. Cereus paniculatus (Lam.) DC. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 3: 466. 1828. Neoabbottia paniculata (Lam.) Britton & Rose Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 72: 3. 1921.

Type.

Presumably from near Cul de Sac, Haiti, where Plumier collected numerous species. Lectotype (designated by Mottram 2002), plate t.21 in Plumier, which was cited by Lamarck (1785) and thus formed part of the protologue. This includes an illustration of a fragment of a stem segment, flower and fruit.

Notes.

Leptocereus paniculatus is consistently recovered as closely related to the L. quadricostatus / L. grantianus clade (Fig. 1 ; see also Barrios et al. 2020), although the species is much more robust and treelike compared to the other two species. It is the only species on Hispaniola that has spineless, tuberculate fruits and forms large populations at lower elevations in seasonally dry tropical forest across the island (Figs 4 , 6 ).

Additional specimens examined.

Dominican Republic. Prov. Azua. Llanura de Azua, 4 km al oeste del poblado de Tábara Abajo, en la carretera hacía Barahona, 400 m, 2 sept 1994, García et al. 5630 (JBSD). Provs. Azua-Barahona. Este de Quita Coraza en el camino a Azua, 25 mayo 1982, Zanoni & Mejía 20797 (JBSD). Provs. Baoruco-Barahona. A 3 km al este del poblado de Quita Coraza, 500 m, 10 dic 1994, Perdomo & Villafaña 18 (JBSD). Prov. Barahona. 1.5 km al sur del poblado Fondo Negro, siguiendo un camino en dirección suroeste, 100 m, 15 oct 1994, Camejo et al. 31 (JBSD). Barahona, 1913, Fuertes 13.19 (NY, on 3 sheets). Sierra Martín García, approx 1.5 km al S del Higuito, 120 m, 16 dic 1995, García et al. 6119 (JBSD). Sierra Martín García, ca 0.6 km al noreste del Cruce Vicente Noble, al costado de un arroyo seco justo al este de la Carretera 44., 108 m, 3 nov 2016, Majure 6581 (DES, JBSD). Along road between Canoa and Puerto Alejandro, 5-20 m, 17 Oct 1982, Proctor 39106 (JBSD). Prov. Independencia. Municipio Jimaní, distrito municipal Boca de Cachón, parte arriba del balneario, lugar denominado la Loma, 4 m, 6 jun 2009, Clase et al. 5638 (JBSD). Sierra de Neiba, Ángel Félix, 400 m, 24-26 mar 1975, Liogier et al. 22786 (JBSD). Entre Duvergé y Cabral, 3 ene 1977, Liogier 26214 (JBSD). Independencia, Sierra de Bahoruco, al lado (sur) del Lago Enriquillo, al oeste ca. 15 km de Duvergé en la carretera 46, 5 feb 2016, Majure 6003 (DES, FLAS, JBSD). Justo al sur de la Laguna Rincón ca. 2.5 km al oeste de La Lista y 3.4 km al este de Las Salinas a lo largo de la Carretera 46, 104 m, 13 mayo 2019, Majure 7817 (FLAS, JBSD). Sierra de Bahoruco, ca. 1.5 km al este de El Limón en la Carretera 46 al sur del Lago Enriquillo, 43 m, 13 mayo 2020, Majure 7840 (FLAS, JBSD). Isla Cabritos en el Lago Enriquillo, próximo al Campamento de Parques Nacionales, -30 m, 14 oct 1981, Mejía & Pimentel 17261 (JBSD). Prov. Montecristi. Pepillo Salcedo (Manzanillo), al este del pueblo, en la zona donde se desarrollará el proyecto Puerto Cristal, 5 m, 5 nov 2002, García & Gómez 7512 (JBSD). Haiti. [Dept. de Nippes]. Massif de la Hotte, western group, Anse a Veau, quaternary limestone west of town, 2 Jan 1936, Ekman H5393 (NY). Dept. de l’Ouest. Vicinity of Etang Saumatre, 4-12 Apr 1920, Leonard 3500a-b (NY, US). Ibid, Leonard 5344 (NY, US). Vicinity of Petionville, 350 m, 15-28 Jun 1920, Leonard 5326 (NY).

Figures

Figure 1. Phylogeny of Leptocereus with all major clades represented (sensu Barrios et al. 2020) and the new species L. velozianus included, resolved here as sister to L. demissus. Bootstrap values are given above the branches.

Figure 4. Distribution map of L. demissus (black circles), L. paniculatus (open circles), and L. velozianus (black stars) on Hispaniola.

Figure 6. Photographic plate of L. paniculatus A habit B spiny trunk C apical, spiny, four-angled stems D fruiting stems and tuberculate fruit, and E longitudinal section of mature fruit. A, D from Majure 7817 B, C, E from Majure 6581. Photos by L. C. Majure.