Hahnia nava (Blackwall, 1841)

Kovblyuk, Mykola M., Kastrygina, Zoya A. & Marusik, Yuri M., 2017, New data on Hahnia C. L. Koch, 1841 from Crimea (Aranei: Hahniidae), Turkish Journal of Zoology 41 (2), pp. 311-317 : 313-314

Hahnia nava (Blackwall, 1841) ( Figures 3–5 )

Hahnia nava : Harm, 1966: 364, f. 51–56 (♂ ♀); Roberts, 1998: 271, f. (♂ ♀); Almquist, 2005: 276, f. 260a‒f (♂ ♀); Ono, 2009: 172, f. 14–15 (♂ ♀).

Records from Crimea. Kovblyuk, 2004a, 2004b; Kovblyuk et al., 2008a, 2008b; Kovblyuk, 2012; Mikhailov, 2013; Kovblyuk and Kastrygina, 2015.

Material examined. UKRAINE. Crimea: Alushta Distr .: 10 ♂ ♀ ( IBPN) Crimean Reserve, Bukovskogo Kordon , 44°39′N, 34°14′E, 1050 m, 09.03.2002, Yu. M . Feodosiya Distr., Karadag Nature Reserve : 35 ♂♂, 43 ♀♀ ( TNU), forests and forest edges, 18.04.2003 – 31.05.2010, M. K., V. A . Gnelitsa ; Sevastopol Distr. : 4 ♂ ♀ ( IBPN), Maximova Datcha canyon, 44°34.08′N, 33°32.278′E, 100 m, 13.03.2002, Yu. M .; 1 ♀ ( IBPN), environs of Balaclava, Aya Cape , 44°29.482′N, 33°36.579′E, 170 m, 14.03.2002, Yu. M . Simferopol Distr.: 1 ♂ (TNU-1008/14), environs Simferopol water reservoir, pitfalls, 14– 26.05.2000, M. K .; 8 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀ ( TNU, IBPN), Chatyr-Dagh Mt. , forests, 23.04.2000 – 17.03.2002, M. K ., Yu. M .; 1 ♂ (TNU-2170/5), Kizil-Kobinka River , pebble beach, pitfalls, 15– 22.04.2001, G. A . Prokopov; Sudak Distr .: 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ ( TNU), 10 km W Sudak, Mezhdurechie Vill. , forest, 23.05.– 07.11.2010, M. K . Yusufova ; Yalta Distr .: 12 ♂♂, 1 ♀ ( TNU), Nikitskaya Yaila Mt. , forests and meadows, pitfalls, 31.03.– 18.09.2001, М. K .; Yalta Mountain-Forest Natural Reserve : 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ ( TNU), Uchan-Su River , Fagus wood, litter, 31.05.2001, N. N . Yunakov ; 1 ♀ ( TNU), Ay-Petri Yaila Mt. , near Shaytan-Merdven pass, forest, in litter, 13.10.2001, M. K .; 2 ♂♂ ( TNU), Ay-Danil’ , forest, pitfalls, 10.03.2002 – 7.04.2002, А. А . Khaustov ; 1 ♀ ( TNU), Botkin path, forest, 17.10.2002, M. K .; 3 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀ ( TNU), Martyan Cape Reserve , sub-Mediterranean forest, 5.05.2001 – 08.04.2007, M. K., V. A . Gnelitsa .

Additional material. UKRAINE. Kiev area: 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (TNU-23/13), Kiev, Dnepr River right bank, Verblyud Bay , 20.03.2004, M. K .

Diagnosis. Males of H. nava are similar to those of H. ononidum , but they can be easily distinguished by the longer patellar apophysis, longer tibial setae, and lack of tegular brush ( Figure 4 ). The shape of the copulatory ducts distinguishes females of H. nava from all other Hahnia species ( Figure 5 ).

Description. Somatic characters well described in above-mentioned publications. Male palp as in Figure 4 . Patellar apophysis slender, distally hook-bent. Tibial setae very long, they extend beyond the RTA. RTA knife-like. Its tip reaches the dorsum of tibia. Conductor extended. Tegulum of peculiar shape with chopped-off apex. Embolus originating retroapically and coiling clockwise 380° along the margin of the tegulum (left palp).

Epigyne as in Figure 5 . Copulatory openings located in the center of epigynal plate and very distinct. Endogyne with reduced secondary receptacles and well developed primary receptacles. Copulatory ducts thin with funnels (reservoirs) near copulatory openings.

Distribution. Trans-Palearctic nemoral range: from Portugal to Sakhalin, and from Norway to Spain, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Afghanistan ( Helsdingen, 2013; Mikhailov, 2013; Nentwig et al., 2014).

Habitats. Forests with Pinus kochiana , P. pallasiana , Juniperus excelsa , J. oxycedrus , Fagus , Quercus pubescens , Q. petraea , Cornus mas , Populus , Acer , Carpinus betulus , Fraxinus , Crataegus , Arbutus andrachne ; forest steppes; bushes with Rosa and Cotinus coggygria ; near streams; Zerna cappadocina mountain meadows; stony steppes. Most abundant in forests.

Phenology. In Crimea: ♂♂ – III‒VI, VIII, X, ♀♀ – III‒V, IX–X, ♂ ♀ – III‒V & X, the peaks of adults’ activity were in April and October ( Figure 3 ). In Britain: ♂♂ – V‒ VII, ♀♀ – V‒X, ♂ ♀ – V‒VII, the single peak of adults’ activity is in May ( Harvey et al., 2002). Interestingly, there is a single peak of H. nava adults’ activity in Britain, while two in Crimea. In Sweden: ♂♂ – V‒X, ♀♀ – VI‒X, ♂ ♀ – VI‒X ( Almquist, 2005).

Comments. Hahnia nava is the most abundant and widespread Hahnia species in Crimea.

Figures

Figure 3. Seasonal dynamics of adults’ activity of two Hahnia species in Crimea, based on the collected specimens: X-axis, month; Y-axis, number of specimens.

Figure 4. Male palp of Hahnia nava (a- ventral, b- retrolateral). Scale = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations:C – conductor;Cf – cymbial furrow;E – embolus;Pa – patellar apophysis; RTA – retrolateral tibial apophysis; T – tegulum.

Figure 5. Epigyne of Hahnia nava (a- ventral, b- dorsal, c- schematic illustration of copulatory ducts, dorsal). Scale = 0.1 mm.