Nagiella quadrimaculalis (Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844)

Lu, Xiao-Qiang & Du, Xi-Cui, 2020, Revision of Nagiella Munroe (Lepidoptera, Crambidae), with the description of a new species from China, ZooKeys 964, pp. 143-159 : 143

Nagiella quadrimaculalis (Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844) Figures 6 , 11 , 14

Scopula quadrimaculalis Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844: 492.

Nagia desmialis Walker, 1866: 1320.

Omiodes quadrimaculalis : Meyrick, 1890: 441.

Botys quadrimaculalis : Snellen, 1890: 589.

Sylepta [sic] quadrimaculalis : Hampson, 1896: 336.

Sylepta [sic] desmialis : Swinhoe, 1906: 293.

Nagiella quadrimaculalis : Munroe, 1976: 876.

Pleuroptya quadrimaculalis : Inoue, 1982: 343.

Material examined.

China, Gansu: 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Kangxian County, Baiyun Mountain, 1200 m, 3.VII.2018, leg. Xiao-Qiang Lu & Xi-Cui Du; Shanxi: 4 ♂♂, Lishanxiachuan Nature Reserve, 1560 m, 26.VII.2012, leg. Gui-Qing He; Shaanxi: 11 ♂♂, Ningshan County, Yangjuba Town, 1400 m, 4.VIII.2014, leg. Hai-Li Yu & Jiu-Yang Luo; 7 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀, Yang County, 3500 m, 15.VIII.2017, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu; 7 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Taibai County, Huangbaiyuan, 1291 m, 16.VII.2018, leg. Qing-Ming Liu; Henan: 33 ♂♂, Neixiangbaotianman Nature Reserve, Luotiofeng, 1300 m, 8.VI.2017, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu; Hubei: 28 ♂♂, 3 ♀, Dabie Mountain, Taohua Village, 590 m, 20.VII.2010, leg. Li-Jun Xu; 4 ♂♂, Luotian County, Qingguantai, 580 m, 1.VII.2014, leg. Jiu-Yang Luo; 11 ♂♂, Changyang County, Hejiaping, 800 m, 18.VI.2018, leg. Xiao-Qiang Lu & Xi-Cui Du; 4 ♂♂, Wufenghou River, 1100 m, 26, VII.2018, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu; Hunan: 7 ♂♂, Shimen County, Huping Mountain, Dadongping, 1400 m, 8.VI.2017, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu; 5 ♂♂, Sangzhi County, tianping Mountain, 1400 m, 15.VII.2018, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu; 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Yizhang County, Mangshan Nature Reserve, 1000 m, 2.VIII.2018, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu; Zhejiang: 10 ♂♂, Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, 400 m, 26-29.VII.2011, leg. Xiao-Bing Fu & Xi-Cui Du; 11 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Qingliang Mountain, Shunxiwu, 300 m, 18-21.V.2012, leg. Xiao-Bing Fu; Jiangxi: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Jinggangshan City, Xiaoxidong, 625 m, 30.V.2011, leg. Jin-Wei Li; Chongqing: 18 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀, Jingfo Mountain Nature Reserve, 1700 m, 12.VII.2010, leg. Xi-Cui Du & Sheng-wen Shi; 10 ♂♂, Simian Mountain Nature Reserve, 1120 m, 19.VII. 2010, leg. Xi-Cui Du & Li-fang Song; 3 ♂♂, Simian Mountain Nature Reserve, 1200 m, 15-19. VII. 2012, leg. Gui-Qing He & Li-Jun Xu; 13 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Chengkou County, Xingtian Village, 1300 m, 1.VII.2013, leg. Gui-Qing He & Li-Jun Xu; Sichuan: 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Luding County, Hailuogou, 3478 m, 4.VII.2012, leg. Jin-Wei Li; 19 ♂♂, Nanjiang County, Guangwu Mountain, 700 m, 3.VII.2013, leg. Gui-Qing He & Li-Jun Xu; 21 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀, Xuyong County, huagaoxi Nature Reserve, 621 m, 26-30.VIII.2013, leg. Dan Xu & Xue-Li Wei; 19 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, An’zi River Nature Reserve, 1690 m, 4.VIII.2015, leg. Xi-Cui Du; Guizhou: 11 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Kuankuoshui Nature Reserve, 800 m, 10-17.VIII.2010, leg. Xi-Cui Du; 5 ♂♂, Libo County, An’xiang, 1345 m, 22.VII.2015, leg. Ji-Ping Wan; Yunnan: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Ninglang County, Xichuan, 2400 m, 20.VII.2013, leg. Gui-Qing He; 19 ♂♂, 2 ♂♂, Malipo County, Daxichang, 1465 m, 7.VI.2015, leg. Man-Fei Tao; Dawei Mountain Nature Reserve, 2700 m, 27.V.2018, leg. Xiao-Qiang Lu & Xi-Cui Du; 10 ♂♂, Huanglian Mountain Nature Reserve, 900 m, 23.VI.2018, leg. Xiao-Qiang Lu & Xi-Cui Du; 15 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Xihuangbanna Prefecture, Menglun Town, 620 m, 17.V.2018, leg. Xiao-Qiang Lu & Xi-Cui Du; Guangdong: 27 ♂♂, 15 ♀♀, Nanlingbabao Mountain Nature Reserve, 1070 m, 22.VIII.2010, leg. Xi-Cui Du; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Shixing County, Baling Nature Reserve, 496 m, 29.V.2017, leg. Yong-Hong Duan (SYSU); Guangxi: 22 ♂♂, Hechi City, Jiuwan Mountain, 1600 m, 26.VII.2015, leg. Ji-Ping Wan; 4 ♂♂, Guilin City, Maoer Mountain Nature Reserve, 1100 m, 23.VII.2015, leg. Kai-Li Liu & Jing-Xia Zhao; 9 ♂♂, Rongshui County, Peixiu Village, 1900 m, 24.VIII.2015, leg. Ji-Ping Wan; 12 ♂♂, Cenwanglao Mountain, Dalongping, 1290 m, 4.VIII.2014, leg. Xue-Li Wei & Chao Ran; Fujian: 8 ♂♂, Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve, Tongmu Village, 758 m, 20.VIII.2016, leg. Kai Chen & Yong-Hong Duan (SYSU). Genitalia slide no.: XLJ13123 ♂, XLJ13158 ♂, XLJ13215 ♂, XLJ14029 ♂, XLJ14056 ♂, XLJ14075 ♂, XLJ14076 ♂, XLJ14133 ♂, XLJ14229 ♂, LXQ19304 ♂, LXQ19305 ♂, LXQ18308 ♂, LXQ18310 ♂, XLJ13124 ♀, XLJ13159 ♀, XLJ13216 ♀, XLJ114012 ♀, XLJ14030 ♀, LXQ18306 ♀.

Diagnosis.

Adult (Fig. 6 ): Wings brown. Forewing length 12.0-20.0mm (wingspan 26.0-43.0 mm); a small white spot between the orbicular spot and discoidal spot; a large white sub-reniform spot between the discoidal spot and postmedial line, up to Rs2+Rs3 and down to CuA1; antemedial and postmedial line unclear. Hindwing with a large white irregular quadrilateral spot between the discoidal spot and postmedial line, dentated between M2 and M3. Male genitalia (Fig. 11 ): Uncus trapezoidal. Gnathos slender, finger-like. Clasper thickly finger-like. Female genitalia (Fig. 14 ): Signum small, round.

Male genitalia

(Fig. 11 ). Uncus trapezoidal. Gnathos slender, finger-like. Valva elongate lingulate, with apex narrowed, posterior margin with a cluster of long setae near the middle; clasper thickly finger-like. Saccus conical, broad. Juxta peach-shaped. Phallus longitudinally wrinkled distally.

Female genitalia

(Fig. 14 ). Apophyses anteriores ca. twice the length of apophyses posteriores. Ductus bursae ca. twice the length of corpus bursae, distinctly narrowed near the base; ductus seminalis from approximately one third of the ductus bursae. Corpus bursae oval, with a small round signum.

Distribution.

China (Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Gansu, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Shandong, Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Tibet, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan), Korea, Japan, Indonesia, India (Sikkim), Nepal, Russia (far east), Malaysia (Walker 1866; Inoue 1982; Du 2009).

Host.

Rhus chinensis Mill ( Anacardiaceae ) ( Fan and Piao 2013).

Remarks.

In addition to Rhus chinensis Mill, another host, Metaplexis japonica Makino ( Apocynaceae ), was recorded by Fan and Piao (2013) in the same article according to Yoshiyasu (1991). However, we found M. japonica was recorded by Yoshiyasu (1991) as the host of Glyphodes quadrimaculalis (Bremer and Grey 1853) but not of N. quadrimaculalis (Kollar and Redtenbacher). Rhus chinensis Mill is the only host of N. quadrimaculalis (Kollar and Redtenbacher) known so far.

Swinhoe (1894) stated that Nagia incomitata was between Nagia quadrimaculalis and N. flavispila , but quite different to either. But N. incomitata was regarded as a synonym of N. quadrimaculalis because they were similar in habitus ( Bae et al. 2008). We investigated the original description and type specimen of N. incomitata Swinhoe, 1894, and compared them with the description and photographs of N. quadrimaculalis ( Kollar and Redtenbacher 1844; Du 2009; Sasaki and Yamanaka 2013). The third segment of labial palpus of the former is slender and pointed distally (Fig. 7A ), the forewing has no small white spot between the orbicular spot and discoidal spot, and the large white spot beyond the cell is down to the CuA2 (Fig. 7 ); while the third segment of labial palpus of the latter is stubby and blunt distally (Fig. 2 ), the forewing has a small white spot between the orbicular spot and discoidal spot, and the large white spot beyond the cell is down to the CuA1 (Fig. 6 ). Therefore, N. incomitata is not a synonym of N. quadrimaculalis . Nagia incomitata was transferred to Chalcidoptera Butler, 1887 by Swinhoe (1901) after stating previously that it did not belong into Nagia ( Swinhoe 1900). Hampson (1896), on the other hand, considered it a synonym of Nosophora chironalis (Walker, 1859), which he later revised ( Hampson 1903) by reinstating it as Nosophora incomitata , with the junior synonym Nosophora triguttalis Warren, 1896. In the same publication on page 216, Hampson (1903) synonymised the males of N. incomitata with Sylepta [sic] quadrimaculalis . For the time being (i.e., until the type material has been investigated), we conclude as Hampson (1903), Klima (1939b), and Mandal and Bhattacharya (1980), who considered incomitata a species of Nosophora .

Figures

Figures 4 - 8. Habitus of Nagiella species 4 N. hortulatoides male 5 N. inferior male 6 N. quadrimaculalis male 7 Nagia incomitata Swinhoe 1894 female, type, BMNH Pyr., London. 7 A head 8 Nagiella bispina sp. nov. male, holotype.

Figures 9 - 15. Genitalia of Nagiella species 9 N. hortulatoides: male, genitalia slide no. LXQ 18311 10, 13 N. inferior: 10 male, genitalia slide no. LXQ 18291 13 female, genitalia slide no. XLJ 14239 11, 14 N. quadrimaculalis: 11 male, genitalia slide no. LXQ 18310 14 female, genitalia slide no. LXQ 18306 12, 15 N. bispina sp. nov.: 12 male, holotype, genitalia slide no. XLJ 14011 15 female, paratype, slide no. XLJ 14009 15 A signa.

Figures 2, 3. Head and wing venation of Nagiella quadrimaculalis (Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844). Wing slide no. LXQ 20001, male.