Cardiodactylus guttulus ( Matsumura, 1913 )

Robillard, Tony, 2014, Review and revision of the century-old types of Cardiodactylus crickets (Grylloidea, Eneopterinae, Lebinthini), Zoosystema 36 (1), pp. 101-125 : 110-112

Cardiodactylus guttulus ( Matsumura, 1913)

Gryllodes guttulus Matsumura, 1913: 36 .

Gryllopsis guttula – Chopard 1967: 33. — Otte 1994: 11. — Eades et al. 2008 ( Orthoptera Species File Online).

Cardiodactylus novaeguineae – Shiraki 1930: 233. — Oshiro et al. 1981: 25; 1995: 43. — Warati et al. 2008: 12.

Cardiodactylus guttulus – Ichikawa 1999: 105. — Ito & Ichikawa 2003: 60. — Ichikawa et al. 2006: 468. — Warati et al. 2008: 15. — Robillard & Ichikawa 2009: 887 (redescription). — Nattier et al. 2011: 2201 (molecular phylogeny). — Eades et al. 2013 ( Orthoptera Species File Online).

Cardiodactylus boharti Otte, 2007a: 349 ; 2007b: 30. — Robillard & Ichikawa 2009: 887 (synonym name of C. guttulus ). — Eades et al. 2013 ( Orthoptera Species File Online).

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype female: Japan: Okinawa: Riukiu [Ryujyu] (K. Kuroiwa) (Hokaido University). Not examined.

TYPE LOCALITY. — Okinawa, Ryukyu islands.

REDESCRIPTION AND DISTRIBUTION. — See Robillard & Ichikawa (2009).

Cardiodactylus haani Saussure, 1878 ( Figs 2C , 3A , 5 )

Cardiodactylus haani Saussure, 1878: 523 . — Kirby 1906: 88. — Chopard 1937: 118; 1968: 351. — Otte 1994: 65; 2007: 345 (specimens of another species misidentified as C. haani ). — Robillard & Desutter-Grandcolas 2004a: 291. — Eades et al. 2013 ( Orthoptera Species File Online). — this study> valid species, novaeguineae species group.

TYPE MATERIAL. — Female lectotype (new designation): [ Indonesia] Gebeh [Gebe Island], [H. A.] Bernstein (Leiden).

Paralectotype (new designation): same information as lectotype, 1 ♀ ( RMNH).

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — [ Indonesia], no precise localities, Sumatra exp, 1877-1878, #182, 1 ♀ (RMNH). [ Indonesia] Ile Gebeh [Gebe Island], coll. Meyer Dür, 1 ♀ (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3148).

TYPE LOCALITY. — Indonesia, Gebe Island ( Maluku Islands, West of New Guinea).

REMARKS

Large female specimens from the type locality mentioned in Saussure (1878) and corresponding to the original description of C. haani were localized in Leiden despite absence of type label and clear iden - tification (one was in a box labeled C. novaeguineae and the other in a box labeled Nisitrus vittatus ( Haan, 1842)) . The only information on the labels of these two specimens is “Bernstein, Gebeh”, one specimen having a hand written label and the other one a printed, more recent label. According to Miracle et al. (2007), Dr. H. A. Bernstein was a collector of renown from the Netherlands, who collected ethnological and zoological material in Halmahera and the surrounding islands, from 1860 to his death in 1865, for the National Museum of Ethnology and the Museum of Natural History of Leiden. These dates and places being conform with the date of description of C. haani in 1878 and type locality (Gebe is a small island near Halmahera Island), I am confident that the two females constitute the type material examined by Saussure. I therefore designate one as the lectotype and the other one as a paralectotype of C. haani . No male material is available from Gebe Island, so the male of the species remains unknown.

These large type specimens and the additional specimens from Gebe Island (two other females) greatly differ from the specimens studied by Otte (2007a) for his brief redescription of C. haani . These specimens are from the main island of New Guinea, while Gebe is a smaller, separate island, west of New Guinea, part of the Makulu Islands. The species mentioned by Otte (2007a) as C. haani is clearly another species close to C. novaeguineae and needing a formal reanalysis.

REDESCRIPTION

Size large, probably one of the largest species of the genus. Colouration contrasted and characteristic, dark orange brown and yellow.Vertex orange brown with faint longitudinal bands; area posterior to eyes with a narrow yellow band. Fastigium elongate, dark brown, its lateral edges yellow. Face mostly yellow, with two dark brown vertical stripes between antennae; mouthparts yellow brown, with a variable dark brown patch on clypeus; maxillary palpi brown. Scapes yellow brown mottled with orange brown. Antennae orange brown, their base dark brown. Lateral part of head orange brown with a yellow area bellow eyes. Pronotum posterior margin curved but not bisinuated; dorsal disk mostly dark brown, anterior half with two yellow spots on anterior angles and two yellowish transverse symmetrical stripes, posterior half black; lateral lobes homogenously almost homogeneously dark brown, dorsal area almost black. Legs almost homogeneously dark orange brown, knees of FIII slightly darker. HW tail dark brown with yellow veins. Abdomen yellow brown mottled with dark brown; subgenital plate brown with a dark brown median area. Cerci long, yellowish with dark brown spots.

Female

FW colouration very contrasted, cells mostly dark brown with yellow veins, including longitudinal and transverse veins; anterior region of FWs with a yellow sclerotisation;lateral region with a white patch near FW mid-length;posterior part of CuA/M and complete R/ Sc area orange brown to dark brown, including cells and veins. Dorsal field with 11-13 (m = 12; n = 4; lectotype = 12) strong longitudinal veins.Lateral field mostly dark brown, except Sc, 7-8 (m = 7, n = 4) projections of Sc and 4-5 (m = 5, n = 4) more ventral veins (m = 5, n = 4) yellow, the membrane between them dark brown. Ovipositor shorter than FIII, apex very slightly denticulate on dorsal edge ( Fig. 2C ).

Female genitalia ( Fig. 3A ). Copulatory papilla rounded, with two basolateral sclerites;apex rounded, slightly sclerotised, curved dorsally.

Figures

FIG. 2. — Apex of ovipositor of: A, C. canotus Saussure,1878; B, C. gaimardi (Serville, 1838); C, C. haani Saussure,1878; D, C. pictus Saussure, 1878; E, C. rufidulus Saussure, 1878. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIG. 3. — Copulatory papilla in ventral (left) and lateral (right) views of: A, C. haani Saussure, 1878; B, C. canotus Saussure, 1878; C, C. pictus Saussure, 1878; D, C. rufidulus Saussure, 1878. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 5. — Cardiodactylus haani Saussure, 1878, female lectotype: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, head in facial view; D, labels. Scale bars: A, B, 1 cm; C, 1 mm.