Glyptapanteles henryhespenheidei Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles henryhespenheidei Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 98

Female.

Body length 3.23 mm, antenna length 3.73 mm, fore wing length 3.53 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: ECUADOR • 1♀; EC-11240, YY-A040; Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Sierra Azul Camino Cascadas, Plot 150; cloud forest; 2,280 m; - 0.7, -77.933333; 22.xii.2005; Aaron Fox leg.; caterpillar collected in second instar; cocoons formed on 22.i.2006; adult parasitoids emerged on 01.ii.2006; ( PUCE) . Paratypes. • 3 (2♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); EC-11240, YY-A040; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE) .

Diagnosis.

Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct throughout ( Fig. 98E ), scutellar punctation scattered throughout ( Fig. 98E, F ), antenna longer than body, phragma of the scutellum completely concealed ( Fig. 98E, F ), T3 as long as T2 ( Fig. 98H ), fore wing with r vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Fig. 98K ), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets ( Fig. 98B ), petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally ( Fig. 98G, H ), propodeum without median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 98F ), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 ( Figs 98G, H ).

Coloration

( Fig. 98 A–K ). General body coloration polished black except a small area on postero-ventral in propleuron, and both dorsal and ventral furrows of pronotum with brown-red/reddish tints; labrum and mandibles yellow-brown; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; proximal ring on scape and distal ring in pedicel yellow-brown/reddish; all antennal flagellomeres brown on both sides. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except brown claws; hind legs yellow except black coxae with apex yellow (coloration extensive in the inner side), femora with a small brown area in the apex, both ends of tibiae brown, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown, and lateral ends yellow; T3 medially mostly with an elongate brown area that not touching the distal margin of T3 and lateral ends yellow-brown; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellow-brown transparent band. In lateral view, T1-2 completely yellow; T3 and beyond yellow, dorsally brown, extent of brown area remains constant. S1-4 completely yellow; penultimate sternum yellow with a longitudinal median brown band; hypopygium brown with some small yellow areas.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 98 A–D ). Head rhomboid with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.28:0.09, 0.28:0.09, 0.27:0.09), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.15:0.07, 0.13:0.07), antenna longer than body (3.73, 3.23); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, with dense and fine punctations, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.10, 0.15). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 98A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces smooth. Scutellum long and slender, apex sloped and fused with BS, scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum completely concealed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with quite a little complete parallel carinae; dorsal ATS groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and homogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat), smooth and shiny. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular and bisected by a median longitudinal carina; AFM with a small lobe and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half with indistinct sculpture and with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and short stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove deep, smooth and shiny; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.13, 0.08). Hind coxa with medium-size punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.26, 0.22), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.14, 0.14).

Wings ( Fig. 98K ). Fore wing with r vein straight; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming an angle at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved and complete, but junction with 1-1A vein spectral. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally evenly convex, subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 98A, G, H, J ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally, parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.45, maximum width 0.20, minimum width 0.11), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.22, length T2 0.22), edges of median area obscured by weak longitudinal stripes, median area broader than long (length 0.22, maximum width 0.27, minimum width 0.10); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 as long as T2 (0.23, 0.22) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. Unknown.

Etymology.

Henry Hespenheide is an American entomologist and ecologist. He is interested in how many species live in a particular area, what evolutionary pressures they face and predator-prey interactions. Most current field work is in La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. He is a professor emeritus at University of California, Los Angeles ( UCLA), CA, USA .

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillar was collected in Ecuador, Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station (Sierra Azul Camino Cascadas), during December 2005 at 2,280 m in cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Undetermined species of Pieridae feeding on Inga sp. ( Fabaceae ). Caterpillar was collected in second instar.

Figures

Figure 98. Glyptapanteles henryhespenheidei sp. nov. female EC- 11240 YY-A 040 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings.