Dryocosmus harrisonae Melika & Tang, 2016

Tang, Chang-Ti, Miko, Istvan, Nicholls, James A., Schweger, Szabina, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Sinclair, Frazer, Bozso, Miklos, Melika, George & Penzes, Zsolt, 2016, New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53, pp. 77-162 : 100-107

Dryocosmus harrisonae Melika & Tang sp. n. Figures 48-55 , 56-60 , 61-63

Type material.

HOLOTYPE female: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, tea plantation near Meng Hai, ex Castanopsis echinocarpa , 7.IV.2011 (CHI11), 21.968800°N, 100.600883°E, 1342m, ex oval chamber gall on stalk extending from petiole or midrib of very young leaf (AGWP-Morpho57), em. 13.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn. Four female and two male PARATYPES: 2 female paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, tea plantation near Meng Hai, ex Castanopsis echinocarpa , 7.IV.2011 (CHI11), 21.968800°N, 100.600883°E, 1342m, ex oval chamber gall on stalk extending from petiole or midrib of very young leaf (AGWP-Morpho57), em. 17.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 2 female paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, tea plantation near Meng Hai, ex Castanopsis echinocarpa , 7.IV.2011 (CHI11), 21.968800°N, 100.600883°E, 1342m, ex oval chamber gall on stalk extending from petiole or midrib of very young leaf (AGWP-Morpho57), em. 19.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 1 male paratype: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, tea plantation near Meng Hai, ex Castanopsis echinocarpa , 7.IV.2011 (CHI11), 21.968800°N, 100.600883°E, 1342m, ex oval chamber gall on stalk extending from petiole or midrib of very young leaf (AGWP-Morpho57), em. 15.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 1 male paratype: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, tea plantation near Meng Hai, ex Castanopsis echinocarpa , 7.IV.2011 (CHI11), 21.968800°N, 100.600883°E, 1342m, ex oval chamber gall on stalk extending from petiole or midrib of very young leaf (AGWP-Morpho57), em. 18.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn.

The female holotype and 1 male paratype are deposited in NMNS, 2 females and 1 male paratypes in PHMB, and 2 female paratypes in NCHU.

Etymology.

Named in honour of Ms Warin Harrison (Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China), who was our guide during the collecting trip in China in 2011.

Diagnosis.

See the diagnosis for Dryocosmus cannoni .

Description.

Sexual female: Head color: dark brown, except for lighter clypeus; mandibles, maxillary and labial palps yellowish; scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres progressively darker. Mesosoma and metasoma color: dark brown, except for lighter tegula and propodeum, legs yellowish.

Head sculpture: coriaceous. Head shape anterior view: rounded. Head width / head length: 1.86. Head width / head height: 1.10. Head width / maximum meso soma width: <1. Gena sculpture: coriaceous. Gena reflectivity: NOT CODED. Gena length / eye width: 0.40. Gena shape: broadened posterior to eye, visible in frontal view. Malar striae dorsal limit: torulus-eye line on lower face and lower eye margin on malar area. Malar striae count: present. Malar area: alutaceous. Malar sulcus: absent. Eye height / malar distance: 3.33. Inner margins of eyes: converging ventrally. Median ocellus shape: NOT CODED. Lateral ocellus shape: NOT CODED. POL / OOL: 1.10. OOL / diameter of lateral ocellus: 2.30. OOL / LOL: 1.70. Diameter of lateral ocellus / diameter of median ocellus: 1. Transfacial distance / eye height: 1.16. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: 1.20. Intertorular distance / eye torulus distance: NOT CODED. Eye-torulus distance / diameter of torulus: 1.25. Lower face sculpture: alutaceous. Lower face pilosity color: white. Lower face pilosity density: rare. Clypeus convexity: flat. Clypeus sculpture: smooth. Clypeus ventral margin shape: straight. Clypeus reflectivity: NOT CODED. Clypeus shape anterior view: rectangular. Clypeus pilosity: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity density: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity color: NOT CODED. Anterior tentorial pit: large, distinct. Epistomal sulcus: indistinct. Clypeo-pleurostomal line: indistinct. Frons sculpture: coriaceous. Frons pilosity density: rare. Frons reflectivity: matt. Frons pilosity color: white. Impression around central ocellus: present. Interocellar area sculpture: coriaceous. Interocellar area pilosity density: rare. Interocellar area reflectivity: matt. Interocellar area pilosity color: white. Vertex sculpture: coriaceous. Vertex pilosity density: rare. Vertex reflectivity: matt. Vertex pilosity color: white. Occiput sculpture: coriaceous. Occiput pilosity density: rare. Occiput reflectivity: matt. Occiput pilosity color: white. Postocciput sculpture: coriaceous. Postocciput reflectivity: matt. Postocciput pilosity: present. Postocciput pilosity density: rare. Postocciput pilosity color: white. Median impression of postocciput dorsal to occipital foramen: present. Posterior tentorial pit: distinct, ovate, deep. Impression abjacent ventrally to posterior tentorial pit: present. Postgena sculpture: alutaceous in outer area, smooth in inner area. Postgena reflectivity: glossy medially. Postgena pilosity color: white. Postgena pilosity density: rare. Postgena pilosity count: absent medially, present laterally. Postgenal bridge / height of occipital foramen: 1. Postgenal bridge / length of oral foramen: <1. Postgenal bridge sculpture: NOT CODED. Number of flagellomeres (female): 12. Antenna length / body length: <1. Pedicel length / pedicel width: 1.70. Pedicel length / length of broadened part of scape: NOT CODED. Combined length of scape and pedicel / first flagellomere length: NOT CODED. F1 length / F2 length: 1.16. F1 length / pedicel length: 1.9. F1 length / F3 length: NOT CODED. Flagellomeres relative length: F3>F4>F5>F6>F7>F8>F9>F10>F11. F4-F7 relative length: NOT CODED. F3 length/F2 length: NOT CODED. F3 length / F4 length: NOT CODED. F8 length / F7 length: NOT CODED. F9 length /F8 length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F9 length: NOT CODED. F9-F11 relative length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F12 length / F11 length: 1.5. F13 length / F12 length: NOT CODED. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F12.

Mesosoma length lateral view / mesosoma height lateral view: 1.03. Pronotum sculpture: alutaceous with some rugae laterally. Pronotal dorsal row of setae count: present. Transverse pronotal sulcus depth: deep. Transverse pronotal sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Mesoscutum sculpture: smooth. Mesoscutum reflectivity: glossy. Adnotaular setae: present. Mesoscutum length / transscutal line: NOT CODED. Notaulus limits: well-impressed, posterior end adjacent to posterior margin of mesoscutum, anterior end adjacent to anterior margin of mesoscutum. Notaulus sculpture: NOT CODED. Notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width: NOT CODED. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus anterior end vs notaulus anterior end: adjacent. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Median mesoscutal line: absent. Median mesoscutal line shape: NOT CODED. Parapsidal line: absent. Parapsidal line distinctness: NOT CODED. Anteroadmedian line: present. Antero-admedian line length / mesoscutum median length: NOT CODED. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae): coriaceous, foveolate laterally and posteriorly. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) shape: trapezoid. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity color: white. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity density: rare. Mesoscutellar axillar complex posterior margin vs metanotum: overhanging. Mesoscutellar-axillar complex length / mesoscutellar disc width: >1. Disc of mesoscutellum sculpture: rugose. Disc of mesoscutellum maximum width: in posterior 1/3. Scutellar fovea sculpture: smooth without longitudinal rugae. Scutellar fovea shape: transversely ovate. Scutellar fovea reflectivity: glossy. Foveal septum: narrow. Anterior pits on foveal septum: NOT CODED. Scutellar fovea maximum diameter / scutellar fovea minimum diameter: 1.7. Scutellar fovea minimum diameter / foveal septum width: NOT CODED. Postacetabular suclus count: NOT CODED. Mesopleuron sculpture: smooth transepisternal line is marked by few delicate sulci, area dorsal to transepisternal line smooth except few short transverse anterior striae . Mesopleuron reflectivity: matt; glossy. Mesopleuron pilosity: glabrous. Speculum sculpture: wrinkled. Speculum reflectivity: NOT CODED. Mesopleural triangle sculpture: smooth. Mesopleural triangle reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleural triangle pilosity: present. Mesopleural triangle pilosity color: NOT CODED. Mesopleural trinagle pilosity density: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area sculpture: alutaceous with few rugae. Dorsoaxillar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area sculpture: alutaceous with few rugae. Lateroaxillar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Subaxillular bar sculpture: smooth. Subaxillular bar reflectivity: glossy. Posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough: 1.25. Metapleural sulcus anterior end: reaches mesometapleural suture in upper ⅓ of its length. Metascutellum sculpture: coriaceous. Metanotal trough sculpture: smooth. Metanotal trough reflectivity: glossy. Metanotal trough pilosity: absent. Metanotal trough pilosity density: NOT CODED. Ventral impressed area of metanotum sculpture: smooth without striae. Metascutellum height / ventral impressed area of metanotum height: 1. Central propodeal area sculpture: smooth with irregular rugae . Central propodeal area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal carina shape: broad, high, lyre-shaped. Lateral propodeal area sculpture: smooth with irregular rugae. Lateral propodeal area pilosity: present. Lateral propodeal area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Nucha sculpture: with delicate longitudinal rugae dorsally and laterally. Radial cell length / radial cell width: 4.1. Rs+M vs basalis: reaches basalis in lower half of its height. Rs+M color: dark brown. Areolet: large, triangular, conspicuous. Marginal cilia: long. Rs distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. R1 distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. Basal lobe on metatarsal claw: absent. Basal lobe on tarsal claw shape: NOT CODED.

Metasoma length / head+mesosoma length: <1. Metasoma lateral height / metasoma lateral length: <1. 2nd metasomal tergite length dorsal view / length of meta soma dorsal view: 1/3. Second metasomal tergite pilosity: present mediolaterally. Second metasomal tergite sculpture: smooth. Second metasomal tergite reflectivity: NOT CODED. Second metasomal tergite pilosity density: rare. Metasomal tergites 3-6 sculpture: smooth, no micropunctures. Metasomal tergites 3-6 reflectivity: glossy. Metasomal tergites 3-6 pilosity: absent. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium length ventral view / Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium width ventral view: 1.16. Hypopygial setae apical end: not extending beyond posterior end of ventral spine of hypopygium.

Body length: 1.90-2.10 mm (n = 3).

Male: Similar to female. Color: Head, mesosoma and metasoma dark brown; antenna brown. Eye size vs female eye size: Eye larger in male. Anterior tentorial pit size: NOT CODED. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: NOT CODED.Diameter of lateral ocellus vs diameter of female lateral ocellus: 1.76. Flagellomeres count: 13. Antenna length / body length: 1. F1 shape: F1 curved and broadened apically. F1 length / F2 length: 1.07. Flagellomeres relative length: F2>F3>F4>F5>F6>F9>F10>F11>F12. F13 length / F12 length: >1. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F13. Body length: 1.9 mm (n=1).

Gall (Figs 62-63 ): Galls are located on axillary buds or young leaves on young shoots. The cross-section of the gall is triangular, with a short stalk connected to the host-plant. The gall is greenish, with a brownish tip and a greenish-brown central region, 3.9-4.6 mm long and 1.7-2.0 mm broad (n=2).

Biology.

Only the sexual generation is known. Galls are on young shoots of Castanopsis echinocarpa . Galls were collected in April; adults emerged from galls under laboratory conditions immediately after field collection.

Distribution.

China: Yunnan Province.

Figures

Figures 48 - 55. Dryocosmus harrisonae sp. n. 48 - 50 head, female: 48 frontal view 49 dorsal view 50 posterior view 51 - 52 head, male: 51 frontal view 52 dorsal view 53 - 54 antenna: 53 female 54 male 55 mesosoma, female, lateral view (gen = gena, spe = speculum).

Figures 56 - 60. Dryocosmus harrisonae, female sp. n. 56 mesoscutum, dorsal view 57 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 58 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view 59 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 60 fore wing, part.

Figures 61 - 63. Dryocosmus harrisonae sp. n. 61 female, metasoma, lateral view 62 - 63 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang).