Cleoserrata speciosa (Rafinesque) Iltis

Neto, Raimundo Luciano Soares, Barbosa, Maria Regina De Vasconcellos & Roalson, Eric H., 2017, Cleoserrata (Cleomaceae): taxonomic considerations and a new species, Phytotaxa 324 (2), pp. 179-186 : 183-184

5. Cleoserrata speciosa (Rafinesque) Iltis (in Iltis & Cochrane 2007: 448)

Cleome speciosa Rafinesque (1817: 86)

Type:—t. 436, Kunth, in Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth 1821: 84 (lectotype designated by Iltis in Iltis & Cochrane 2007: 448).

Cleome speciosa Kunth (in Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth 1821: 84), nom. illeg.— Gynandropsis speciosa (Kunth) Candolle (1824: 238) , nom. illeg.

Cleome cardinalis Candolle (1824: 238) . Type:— lectotype designated in McVaugh 2000: 117: Sessé & Mociño Illustr. Hunt Inst. 6331.1120.

Cleome purpurea Candolle (1824: 239) . Type :— PERU. Anon s.n. (holotype: G-DC; isotypes: BM, G).

Cleome speciosissima Deppe ex Lindley (1830: 1312) . Type:—Grown from seeds sent by Deppe from Xalappa, Mexico (holotype: K 000220440 [image!]).

Cleome longifolia Willdenow nom. nud. in synon. (in Roemer & Schultes 1830: 1617). Gynandropsis grandiflora Turczaninow (1854: 314) .Type:— MEXICO. Oaxaca, Galeotti 4655 (lectotype, designated here: KW 001000303 [image!]; isolectotypes: P 00076116 [image!], G 00226171 [image!], BR 0000006985912 [image!], BR 0000006985585 [image!]).

Gynandropsis tracy Briquet (1914: 383) . Type:— USA. Florida: Palma Sola, 10 Dec 1901, S.M. Tracy et al. 7667 (holotype: G 00226172 [image!]; isotypes: GH, BH 000104712 [image!], NY 00215144 !, NY 00215145 !, WIS WIS0259117 !, MO 247718 , US 00100521[image!]).

Cleome pachystigma Briquet (1914: 377) . Type : —[ MEXICO] Peruvia [ PERU]. Loco haud indicato, Pavon s.n. (holotype: G 00226169 [image!]; isotypes: BM BM000629045 [image!], F, G 00226313 [image!].

Characterized by the absence of stipules; bracts 1-foliolate; inflorescence congested; flowers with petals pinkish to strongly purple, and with androgynophore elongated ( Iltis 1952; Iltis & Cochrane 2007).

Distribution and habit: — Cleoserrata speciosa is native to Mexico, and cultivated in Central America, the West Indies, Colombia, Africa, and Middle Eastern countries ( Iltis & Cochrane 2007). Also naturalized in China ( Zhang & Tucker 2008).

Notes: —While Iltis and Cochrane (2007) chose the drawing associated with the original description ( Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth 1821) as the lectotype, there are four important collections from the HBK collection trip that Bonpland deposited in Paris: P 00679905!, P 00679906!, P 00076108!, and P 00076108!. Two of these are actually annotated as the holotype (905 and 906) and the other two as isotypes. A lectotype is designated here for Gynandropsis grandiflora as the original description was based on syntypes, with the collection Galeotti 4655 best representing the species. We chose the specimen KW 001000303 as the lectotype, as it has flowers and mature fruits, which are not present in other specimens of Galeotti 4655.

There is some confusion with respect to who was the original collector and the location of the original collection site of Cleome pachystigma Briquet , as the original description of the species cites Pávon as the author of the collection, probably in Peru. However, some specimens indicate that the material was collected in Mexico by Sessé & Mociño. This conflicting information is probably due to the fact that Pavón distributed the specimens collected by Sessé & Mociño, but they were erroneously attributed to Pavón. Iltis (information obtained from his personal manuscripts) noted that although this species occurs in cultivation in Ecuador, it does not reach Peru, thus confirming the error associated with the origin of that material.