Pleopeltis pleopeltidis (Fée) de la Sota (2007: 239)

Souza, Filipe Soares De & Salino, Alexandre, 2021, Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 512 (4), pp. 213-256 : 240-246

15. Pleopeltis pleopeltidis (Fée) de la Sota (2007: 239) . Figs. 11I–P , 15F . Polypodium pleopeltidis Fée (1869: 86) . Type :— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Serra dos Orgãos, 7 February 1868, A.F.M. Glaziou 2817 (lectotype P00557895! image, designated by de la Sota et al. (2007))

Polypodium typicum Fée (1873: 52) . Type:— BRAZIL. “Brasilia fluminense ad Itatiaia,” Glaziou 5294 (holotype: S! image). Polypodium typicum Fée var. wacketii Rosenstock (1906: 140) . Type:— BRAZIL. São Paulo: Alto da Serra , 1904, Wacket 137 (holotype

S! image).

Plants epiphytic or epipetric. Rhizomes long-creeping, with scales linear-lanceolate, blackish, base cuneate with a blackish point of attachment, apex acuminate, margin stramineous and entire to erose; fronds monomorphic 8–25 × 3–7 cm; petiolate, petioles, angulate, 2.5–13 cm long, without wings or with inconspicuous wings near lamina base, glabrescent or sparsely scaly; laminae 5–12 cm long, pinnatisect to pinnate-pinnatifid, deltate to lanceolate, base truncate, apex acuminate; rachises terete, sparsely scaly; pinnae 5–8 pairs, with 1–3 × 0.1–0.7 cm, linear, with base adnate to the rachises, auricle absent, hydathodes present, apex attenuate, margin entire to crenate, laevigate, sparsely to moderately scaly on both surfaces; frond scales lanceolate to ovate, hyaline to stramineous, base rounded with a stramineous to brown point of attachment, apex acuminate, margin hyaline to stramineous and erose; venation free, furcate; sori rounded, medial, glabrous; spores shallowly verrucate with sparse globules.

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Bahia: Camacan, Fazenda Serra Bonita , 28 July 2008, F.B. Matos 1528 ( CEPEC) . Espírito Santo: Castelo, Parque Estadual Forno Grande , 25 June 2008, A. Salino 13594 ( BHCB) ; Serra, Área de Proteção Ambiental Mestre Álvaro , 03 March 2012, P.H.D. Barros 118 ( VIES) . Minas Gerais: Aiuruoca, Serra do Papagaio , 21 June 1943, G.M. Magalhães 5776 ( BHCB) ; Alagoa, Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio , 11 December 2007, A. Salino 12954 ( BHCB) ; Brazópolis , 30 October 2008, T.E. Almeida 1563 ( BHCB) ; Caldas, Pocinhos do Rio Verde , 13 September 2008, F.S. Souza 542 ( CESJ) ; Camanducaia, Pinheirão , 19 June 2000, A. Salino 5587 ( BHCB, CESJ) ; Delfim Moreira , 1 November 2008, T.E. Almeida 1646 ( BHCB) ; Itamonte, Parque Estadual Serra do Papagaio , 6 November 2007, L. Echternacht 1511 ( BHCB) ; Lima Duarte, Serra Negra , 28 April 2008, F.S. Souza 437 ( CESJ) ; Marmelópolis, Fazenda Saiqui , 12 July 1997, F.R. Nonato 341 ( SJRP) ; Monte Verde, Pico do Bispo , 20 July 2001, L.C.N. Melo 146 ( CESJ) ; Olaria, Serra do Cruz , 23 June 2011, F.E. Alves 105 ( CESJ) . Paraná: Quatro Barras, Serra da Mãe , 18 March 1991, W. Oliveira 98 ( SJRP) . Rio de Janeiro: Guapimirim, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos , 06 October 2013, T.V. Costa 33 ( RB) ; Itatiaia, Road to plateau, 6 November 2014, A. Weigand 139 ( UFRN) ; Resende, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia , 25 October 1981, G. Martinelli 7766 ( RB) ; Teresópolis , Parque Estadual dos Três Picos, 17 January 2015, C. Baez 201 ( RB) . Rio Grande do Sul: Bom Jesus, Fazenda do Cilho , 11 September 2011, F. Gonzatti 146 ( RB) ; Canela, Parque do Caracol , 08 November 2006, J.M. Kalk s.n. ( FURB 10563 ) ; Farroupilha , 13 October 2008, E. Passini 262 ( VIES) ; Fritzemberg-Montenegro , 18 January 1943, A. Sehnem 1201 ( RB) ; São Francisco de Paula, próximo a Alpes de São Francisco , 15 October 2002, P.G. Windisch 9808 ( BHCB) . Santa Catarina: Benedito Novo, Fazenda Campo do Zinco , 02 November 2009, J.L. Schmitt 503 ( FURB) ; Joinvile , 10 December 2009, T.J. Cadorin 805 ( FURB) ; Painel , 3 April 2007, A. Salino 11938 ( BHCB) ; Urubici, Xaxim. , 27 April 2009, A.L. Gasper de 2093 ( BHCB, FURB) . São Paulo: Bananal, Estação Ecológica do Bananal , 8 March 2001, A. Salino 6268 ( BHCB) ; Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual , 2 June 1984, R.F. Novelino 218 ( CESJ) ; Cunha, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , 19 December 1996, A. Salino 2986 ( BHCB) ; Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales , 19 April 2003, A. Salino 8615 ( BHCB) ; Mairiporã, Parque Estadual da Cantareira. , 20 July 2005, F.A.R.D.P. Arzolla 870 ( BHCB) ; Mogi das Cruzes, Serra do Itapeti , 23 October 2005, V.A.O. Dittrich 1394 ( BHCB) ; Pindamonhangaba , 2 April 2002, V.A.O. Dittrich 1107 ( BHCB) .

Distribution and habitat: — Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. In Brazil, it occurs in the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul ( Fig. 13B ) mainly in forest formations of Atlantic forest, between 0–2200 m.

Notes: —This species can be recognized by its long-creeping rhizome and deltate to lanceolate lamina. In Brazil, it can be confused with P. desvauxii and P. furcata , but these species differ by the shape and position of the sori. The sori are rounded and medial in P. pleopeltidis and linear and marginal in P. desvauxii and P. furcata . In addition, the lamina is deltoid in P. pleopeltidis and obtriangular in the other species.

Polypodium typicum Fée is the oldest name designated for this species. However, it is prohibited to use the epithet typicum for plant species, according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (Shenzhen code-Turland et al. 2018), so de la Sota et al. (2007) designated the name Polypodium pleopeltidis for this taxon.

Figures

FIGURE 11. A–H. Pleopeltis monoides. A. Habit; B. Rhizome scale; C. Petiole scale; D. Adaxial rachis scale; E. Abaxial rachis scale; F. Adaxial laminar scale; G.Abaxial laminar scale. H. Sorus scale. I–P. P. pleopeltidis. I. Habit; J. Rhizome scale; K. Petiole scale; L.Adaxial rachis scale; M. Abaxial rachis scale; N. Adaxial laminar scale; O. Abaxial laminar scale; P. Sorus scale.

FIGURE 13. Distribution of four species of Pleopeltis in Brazil. A. P. monoides; B. P. pleopeltidis; C. P. pleopeltifolia; D. P. burchellii.

FIGURE 15. Spores of nine species of Pleopeltis from Brazil. A. P. lepidopteris; B. P. macrocarpa; C. P. minarum; D. P. minima; E. P. monoides; F. P. pleopeltidis; G. P. pleopeltifolia; H. P. stolzei; I. P. trindadensis. Scale bar = 20 mm