Hoggicosa bicolor Langlands & Framenau, 2010

Langlands, Peter R. & Framenau, Volker W., 2010, Systematic revision of Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960, the Australian ‘ bicolor’ group of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 (1), pp. 83-123 : 94-96

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00545.x
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC1F510B-FF99-6230-FF0A-11A2FE0FAD05
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Hoggicosa bicolor
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

HOGGICOSA BICOLOR ( HOGG, 1905) View in CoL COMB. NOV.

( FIGS 1A, B View Figure 1 , 2A View Figure 2 , 13A–D View Figure 13 , 14)

Lycosa bicolor Hogg, 1905: 580–582 , fig. 85A–B; Rainbow, 1911: 266; Strand, 1913: 618; Bonnet, 1957: 2636; McKay, 1973: 378, 381–385, figs 1A–E, 2A–C; Main, 1976: 149, 231; McKay, 1985: 75; Platnick, 1993: 486.

Allocosa bicolor Roewer, 1955: 205 .

Types: Lectotype (designated by McKay, 1973). ♀ from South Australia: no locality given, no date ( SAM NN012 View Materials ).

Paralectotypes. South Australia: 1 ♀, no locality given, no date ( SAM NN011 View Materials ) ; 1 juvenile, no locality given, no date ( SAM NN013 View Materials ) .

Other material examined: 335 males, 95 females, and 35 juveniles from 283 records (Appendix S1).

Diagnosis: The male palp of H. bicolor is most similar to H. snelli , but these two species can be easy distinguished by abdomen colouration. Male H. bicolor have a grey opisthosoma and black venter, whereas male H. snelli have a cream opisthosoma and venter with a black epigastric stripe ( Fig. 4F View Figure 4 ). Females and juveniles can be readily distinguished from all other Hoggicosa species by the striking colouration of the legs and abdomen ( Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ).

Description: Male: Based on WAM T62336, Mt Vernon Station, 24°30′S, 118°30′E, Western Australia (WA). Dorsal shield of prosoma brown, covered in short black and white setae. Sternum and labium brown with scattered black setae. Chelicerae dark brown with white setae. Legs brown. Opisthosoma grey with cover of grey and black setae ( Fig. 1B View Figure 1 ). Opisthosoma laterally with faint longitudinal lines and black and white setae. Venter black with black setae. Terminal apophysis of pedipalp large and strongly curved apically ( Fig. 13A View Figure 13 ). Pars pendula thin, transparent, and connected to embolus near embolus base ( Fig. 13B View Figure 13 ). Subterminal apophysis large and easily visible next to terminal apophysis. Tegular apophysis with small, pointed ventral process, located close to apical point. Straight ridge between ventral process and apical point ( Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ).

Female: Based on WAM T62336, data as above. Dorsal shield of prosoma reddish-brown, darker in eye quadrangle, cover of fine white setae. Sternum, labium, and chelicerae as male. Femur and first part of patella of all legs black–dark brown, with remain- der of leg cream (can have almost yellow tinge when alive) ( Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ). Opisthosoma dorsally black covered in fine black setae, with prominent cream anterior median lanceolate stripe ( Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ). Opisthosoma laterally and ventrally black with black setae. Epigynum simple, with small anterior pockets located close to median septum ( Fig. 13C View Figure 13 ). Internal epigyne with large spermathecal heads, which are very close to the anterior pockets ( Fig. 13D View Figure 13 ).

Variation: The size and shape of the pale lanceolate stripe on the opisthosoma of females can vary amongst individuals from a small streak at the anterior end to a large band nearly reaching the spinnerets and covering most of the dorsal surface (see McKay, 1973, fig. 1B–E). Females and juveniles may sometimes have cream markings on the black dorsal femur ( Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ).

Remarks: As the lectotype female is in poor condition, a representative male and female have been used for the redescription of H. bicolor .

Measurements: ♂ (♀): TL, 18.6 (25.4); PL, 10.0 (11.8); PW, 7.6 (8.6). Eyes: AME, 0.54 (0.59); ALE, 0.27 (0.36); PME, 1.36 (1.41); PLE, 1.09 (1.27). Sternum (length/width): 4.6/3.3 (4.8/3.6). Labium (length/ width): 1.4/1.3 (1.8 /1.8). OL, 8.6 (13.6); OW, 5.0 (8.8). Legs, lengths of segments (femur + patella/tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): pedipalp, 5.1 + 5.3 + – + 3.6 = 14.0; I, 8.6 + 10.7 + 8.6 + 4.6 = 32.5; II, 8.6 + 10.6 + 8.1 + 4.6 = 31.9; III, 7.8 + 9.3 + 7.8 + 4.6 = 29.5; IV, 10.0 + 11.4 + 10.3 + 5.0 = 36.7 (pedipalp, 5.4 + 5.7 + – + 3.6 = 14.7; I, 9.6 + 11.6 + 7.4 + 4.3 = 32.9; II, 9.3 + 11.4 + 7.6 + 4.3 = 32.6; III, 8.6 + 9.8 + 7.8 + 4.1 = 30.3; IV, 10.4 + 12.8 + 10.7 + 4.8 = 38.7).

♂ (♀) (range, mean ± SD): TL, 13.6–18.6, 16.2 ± 1.4; PL, 7.4–10.0, 8.8 ± 0.7; PW, 5.4–7.1, 6.5 ± 0.5; N = 23 (TL, 15.0–25.0, 20.2 ± 3.0; PL, 7.9– 12.0, 10.0 ± 1.4; PW, 5.9–9.1, 7.6 ± 1.0; N = 13).

Natural history: Hoggicosa bicolor has been collected from areas with sandy plains, red sand, claypans, and stony soil. Found in locations with Mulga ( A. aneura ) and A. estrophiolata, Ironwood ( A. estrophiolata ) woodland, Eucalyptus socialis , chenopod scrubland ( Atriplex and Mairean), and Spinifex ( Triodia irritans ). Adult females have been collected all year round with adult males recorded from August to April. This species has been dug up from burrows with and without doors.

Distribution: New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, and Western Australia ( Fig. 14).

HOGGICOSA BRENNANI SP. NOV. ( FIGS 4D, E View Figure 4 , 5C, D View Figure 5 , 15A–D View Figure 15 , 18 View Figure 18 )

Types: Holotype. ♂ from South Australia: 1.5 km south-west Middle dam, Taylorville Station, 33°53′10′S, 140°18′32′E, 8–13.xii.2000, Royal Geographic Society of South Australia ( RGS)/ Bookmark Survey , TV04 ( SAM NN17017 View Materials ).

Paratype. ♀ from South Australia: Casuarina Dam, Taylorville Station , 33°53′10′S, 140°18′32′E, 10.x.2000, RGS / Bookmark Survey , TV-camp, burrow with trapdoor ( SAM NN17029 View Materials ) .

Other material examined: 53 males, 27 females, and four juveniles from 64 records (Appendix S1).

Etymology: The specific epithet is a patronym in honour of Karl E. C. Brennan in recognition of his work on the ecology of Australian spiders. The senior author also thanks him for his support and friendship.

Diagnosis: The pedipalps of H. brennani most closely resemble those of H. castanea and H. forresti . The pars pendula, which is transparent in H. brennani and joins below the embolus tip ( Fig. 15B View Figure 15 ), may be used to distinguish it from H. castanea , in which it is opaque and joins at the embolus tip. In addition the subterminal apophysis of H. brennani is much longer than that of H. castanea ( Figs 7A View Figure 7 , 8B View Figure 8 ). The ventral process on the tegular apophysis of H. brennani has a flange on the prolateral side which is absent in H. forresti ( Fig. 5C, D View Figure 5 vs. 5E). Male and female H. brennani have a pale venter with dark patterning, whereas H. castanea and H. forresti have a black venter ( Fig. 4B View Figure 4 vs. 4D).

Description: Male: Based on holotype. Dorsal shield of prosoma orange-brown in colour, darker in eye quadrangle, with black and white setae. Sternum pale orange, labium brown, both with scattered black setae. Chelicerae dark brown with white setae. Legs brown. Opisthosoma dorsally mottled. Brown median longitudinal stripe at anterior end with partial edging of black. Faint transverse lines (grey/black) over rest of opisthosoma ( Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ). Cover of black, grey, and white setae. Opisthosoma laterally cream with scattered black patches. Venter cream with faint V-shape made of black patches of black setae ( Fig. 4E View Figure 4 ). Terminal apophysis of pedipalp curved apically ( Fig. 15A View Figure 15 ). Pars pendula transparent and connected to embolus just below embolus tip ( Fig. 15B View Figure 15 ). Subterminal apophysis next to terminal apophysis ( Fig. 15B View Figure 15 ). Tegular apophysis with a large ventral process located centrally and pointing away from tip of tegular apophysis. Ventral process with flange on prolateral side, which has a characteristic notch when viewed from anterior of pedipalp ( Fig. 5C, D View Figure 5 ). Ridge from ventral process to apical point present and curved ( Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ).

Female: Based on paratype. Dorsal shield of prosoma as male. Sternum, labium, chelicerae, and legs as male. Opisthosoma dorsally and laterally as male ( Fig. 4D, F View Figure 4 ). Venter cream with some scattered black dots that have a long black setae extending. Epigyne with small anterior pockets greater in width than posterior transverse part ( Fig. 15C View Figure 15 ). Internal epigyne with clearly defined channel from anterior pockets to spermatheca ( Fig. 15D View Figure 15 ).

Variation: The abdomen colouration of H. brennani can vary. In some specimens the dorsal markings may be much paler and the ventral abdomen nearly completely cream. Likewise, some specimens display a more pronounced ventral marking with a greater number of black dots and enhanced black lines.

Measurements: ♂ holotype (♀ paratype): TL, 19.8 (18.4); PL, 9.8 (9.6); PW, 7.9 (7.6). Eyes: AME, 0.46 (0.50); ALE, 0.31 (0.42); PME, 0.96 (1.15); PLE, 0.77 (1.00). Sternum (length/width): 4.5/3.9 (4.1/3.6). Labium (length/width): 1.6/1.4 (1.6/1.5). OL, 10.0 (8.8); OW, 6.2 (6.1). Legs, lengths of segments (femur + patella/tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): pedipalp, 5.1 + 5.2 + – + 4.0 = 14.3; I, 9.9 + 12.0 + 9.2 + 5.2 = 36.3; II, 9.6 + 11.6 + 9.0 + 5.1 = 35.3; III, 8.4 + 10.0 + 9.2 + 4.7 = 32.3; IV, 10.0 + 12.1 + 11.2 + 5.4 = 38.7 (pedipalp, 4.9 + 5.0 + – + 3.6 = 13.5; I, 8.8 + 9.9 + 6.2 + 3.8 = 28.7; II, 8.1 + 9.4 + 6.4 + 3.8 = 27.7; III, 7.2 + 8.5 + 7.4 + 3.6 = 26.7; IV, 9.0 + 10.6 + 9.4 + 4.4 = 33.4).

♂ (♀) (range, mean ± SD): TL, 14.3–20.0, 17.1 ± 2.3; PL, 7.5–11.4, 9.0 ± 1.3; PW, 6.1–9.0, 7.1 ± 1.0; N = 8 (TL, 18.1–25.6, 20.4 ± 3.0; PL, 8.8– 11.9, 9.8 ± 1.3; PW, 6.9–9.4, 7.8 ± 1.0; N = 5).

Natural history: Hoggicosa brennani has been recorded from sand and dune locations with records of Mallee ( Eucalyptus ) vegetation with mixed understorey and Spinifex ( Triodia ). Adult females have been collected all year round with adult males found from October to March. This species builds burrows with trapdoors.

Distribution: New South Wales, Queensland, and South Australia ( Fig. 18 View Figure 18 ).