Calypogeia japonica Steph., Sp. Hepat. (Steph.) 6: 448. 1924.

Bakalin, Vadim A., Klimova, Ksenia G. & Nguyen, Van Sinh, 2020, A review of Calypogeia (Marchantiophyta) in the eastern Sino-Himalaya and Meta-Himalaya based mostly on types, PhytoKeys 153, pp. 111-154 : 111

Calypogeia japonica Steph., Sp. Hepat. (Steph.) 6: 448. 1924. Figures 6R-Z, AA-AF, 7J-L

= Calypogeia ovifolia Inoue Mem. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 16: 100. f. 1: 1-2, 2. 1983.Type: Japan. Between Ashi-kosen and Mt. Torihana, Asahi Mts., Yamagata Pref., ~600 m, H. Inoue, no. 32885 (holotype TNS [TNS76048!]).

Type.

Japan. "Japonia, Uematsu" (neotype by Furuki and Ota (2001): G [G00047413/9720!]).

Remarks.

For a long time regarded as a Japanese endemic species, it was later reported from Fujian ( Zhu et al. 2002, as C. tsukushiensis Amakawa) and Guizhou ( Bakalin et al. 2015) provinces of China, the Korean Peninsula ( Choi et al. 2011) and the southern Kurils ( Bakalin et al. 2019c). The distinctive features of the species are biconcentric oil bodies in midleaf cells, deeply divided, not decurrent underleaves (similar to that in C. neogaea (R.M. Schust.) Bakalin) and rounded leaves (similar to that in C. integristipula ). Dry plants may be likely mistaken for C. muelleriana with which, however, the distribution area may overlap in the southern Kurils only.

Calypogeia japonica was described by Stephani (1924) based on a specimen collected by U. Faurie. However, the collection in G contains the only specimen collected by Faurie (G00047412/9717!), which is from Quelpart Island (= Jeju-do, Korea). Since Stephani sometimes treated Quelpart Island as part of mainland Japan (this was the reason for the geographic mistakes), this specimen might be regarded as a holotype. However, we agree with Furuki and Ota’s (2001) neotypification since the neotype contains much better developed plants and is larger than the specimen from Korea, although the specimen from Japan (and two more, preserved in G) was collected by E. Uematsu, not by Faurie. Moreover, even Stephani annotated the specimen from Quelpart as 'spec. pessimum’; it would appear strange to regard this as of this type since other specimens in his herbarium provide more copious material.

The description based on the neotype is as follows: plants 1.8-2.0 mm wide, yellowish brownish, merely soft, loosely translucent; stem 220-280 µm wide, sparsely ventrally branched rhizoids common, but not numerous, in loose, obliquely to erect spreading fascicles or separated; leaves obliquely inserted and oriented, slightly concave-canaliculate, contiguous, to slightly overlapping above situated leaves, somewhat loosely crispate along margin, widely ovate-triangular, apex obtuse to narrowly rounded, 1000-1130 × 1000-1250 µm; underleaves obliquely spreading, decurrent for 1/3-2/3 of stem width, divided by V- to U-shaped sinus into two lobes without additional lateral teeth, undivided zone 4-6 cells high, 2.5-3.0 as wide as stem; midleaf cells 25-55 × 25-35 µm, thin-walled, trigones small to very small, cuticle smooth.

Figures

Figure 6. Calypogeia goebelii (Schiffn.) Steph.: A plant habit, fragment, ventral view B, C leaves D, E Underleaves Calypogeia ceylanica S. Hatt. et Mizut.: F plant habit, fragment, dorsal view G plant habit, fragment, ventral view H, I, J underleaves K, L, M leaves Calypogeia cuspidata (Steph.) Steph.: N plant habit, fragment, dorsal view O plant habit, fragment, ventral view P underleaf Q leaf Calypogeia japonica Steph. R plant habit, fragment, ventral view S plant habit, fragment, dorsal view T, U, Z, AC, AD, AE, AF underleaves V, W, X, Y, AA, AB leaves. A-E from Syntype G 00115804; F-M isotype G 00064248; N-Q lectotype G 00069713; R-W from Neotype G 00047413 / 9720; X-Z, AE, AF from G 00047412 / 9717; AA-AD from holotype of Calypogeia ovifolia H. Inoue TNS 76048.