Libnotes (Libnotes) longistigma Alexander, 1921

Podenas, Sigitas, Byun, Hye-Woo & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2015, Limoniinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) new to Korea, Journal of Species Research 4 (2), pp. 61-96 : 85-86

Libnotes (Libnotes) longistigma Alexander, 1921

Libnotes longistigma Alexander, 1921: 180 ; Savchenko and Krivolutskaya, 1976: 119; Savchenko, 1983: 111.

General coloration brown. Body length of female 18.5 mm. Wing length of female 16.3 mm, maximal width 3.4 mm.

Head brown, darker anteriorly, lighter posteriorly. Narrow area along eye margin light gray. Vertex covered with sparse semi­erect brownish setae, that are longer frontally and getting shorter posteriorly. Anterior vertex very narrow, slightly rised between eyes, covered with short erect setae. Eyes large, ventrally nearly reaching each other. Antenna of female 2.95 mm long, if bent backwards, ending far before wing base. Scape elongate, slightly widened at distal end, dark brown, covered with sparse erect brownish setae. Pedicel short, elongate, slightly widening towards distal end, dark brown, cover­ ed with few short brown setae. Flagellum 12­segmented, brownish yellow. Basal flagellomere as long as pedicel, succeeding segment shorter, but remaining flagellomeres getting longer towards distal end of antennae. Apical flagellomere slightly longer than preceding segment, wider at base and distinctly narrower at apex. Verticils short, less than length of respective segments. Light pubescence, covering segments, very short, but dense. Rostrum dark brown. Palpus reaching to the fifth flagellomere. Two basal flagellomeres elongate, nearly cylindrical, dark brown, third segment distinctly shorter, oval, brown with yellowish base, last palpomere elongate and narrow, brown. Palpus covered with erect brown setae. Labella pale yellow, just distal end marked with brown.

Thorax brownish. Cervical sclerites light brown. Pronotum elongate, brown, slightly infuscated frontally, posterior margin narrowly yellow. Ground color of mesonotal prescutum dark brown. Prescutum with four brown stripes. Median stripes separated by narrow dark brown vita. Lateral stripes distinctly shorter than median. Lateral margin of prescutum broadly dark brown. Scutal lobes widely separated by light brown area. Central part of lobe brown, margins light brown. Scutellum light brown, posterior margin narrowly darkened, two narrow transverse brown spots before caudal end. Mediotergite brownish with narrow light medial line, fronto­lateral angle dark brown. Pleura frontally brownish, posteriorly yellowish. Dark brown stripe extends from cervical sclerites through fore coxa, anepisternum and anepimeron and reaching fronto lateral angle of mediotergite, but getting less distinct and narrower posteriorly. Wing ( Fig. 7E ) yellowish, patterned with lots of small brown and gray spots arranged along veins. Five dark brown spots are at frontal wing margin in cell sc: three at basal part, one at base of Rs and one at the end of Sc. Stigma brown, surrounding R 1. Brownish elongate spots situated along distal part of R and between vein Cu and false vein. Cord and distal part of A 2 surrounded by dark, longitudinal short grayish spot arranged along longitudinal veins beyond cord and along A 1. Veins yellow, but brown in darkened areas. Venation similar in both sexes: Sc long, Sc 1 reaching wing margin far beyond branching point of Rs, Sc 2 close to Sc 1 tip. Rs very short, nearly straight and oblique. Vein R 1 short, oblique; R 2 nearly transverse, slightly before tip of R 1 in both sexes. Both branches of Rs very long, parallel to each other and distinctly arcuated towards posterior wing margin, thus cell r 1 very wide at wing margin. Cross­vein r­m distinct, at base of discal cell. Discal cell very long and narrow, five times as long as wide. Longitudinal veins issuing from it distinctly turned towards posterior wing margin. Basal deflection of CuA 1 nearly twice its own length beyond branching point of M. A 1 long and nearly straight, A 2 shortened, distal end turned towards posterior wing margin. Cell a 1 medium width, thus anal angle small, widely rounded. Wing approximately five times as long as wide ( Savchenko and Krivolutskaya (1976) stress that wing of L. longistigma is about six times as long as wide, thus differing from L. undulata Matsumura, 1916 , wing of which is five times as long as wide. Despite this, Savchenko (1989) gives illustration of L. longistigma wing (Fig. 160, 4, page 324), but length of it is slightly less than five times as long as wide). Halter elongate. Length of female halter 1.8 mm. Basal half of stem blackened, distal pale. Knob obscure yellow, dorsal part slightly infuscated. Frontal coxa mostly dark brown, ventral part pale yellow, dorsal yellowish brown. Middle and posterior coxa yellowish. Trochanters obscure yellow, distal margin narrowly blackened. Femur yellow with conspicuously darkened tip. Tibia yellow with darp brown apex. Abdomen yellowish brown. Three longitudinal lines extend on tergites, medial and two lateral. They are narrowly interrupted on posterior margins of segments. Lines are distinct on frontal tergites, but getting weak towards posterior end of abdomen. Sternites yellowish brown with indistinct median line. Abdominal sclerites covered with very short and sparse brown setae, which are dens­ er on tergites. Ovipositor ( Fig. 8H ) with yellow cercus and light brown hypovalva. Cercus bifid at tip. Basal part of hypovalvae dark brown. Hypovalvae long and narrow, reaching to about subapical branch of cercus, distal end slightly enlarged and armed with small lateral subapical branch.

Elevation range in Korea unknown.

Period of activity. Single female was collected in August.

Habitats. Wet broad­leaved and mixed forests. Larvae were developing in the wood of cork tree ( Phellodendron sachalinensis ), japanese angelica­tree ( Aralia elata ), maackia (Maackia), poplar ( Populus ) and birch ( Betula ) ( Savchenko and Krivolutskaya, 1976; Savchenko, 1983; Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011).

General distribution. The species was known from Japan, Taiwan and Far East of Russia ( Oosterbroek, 2015).

Examined materials ( Fig. 10L ): 1$ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon­do , Pyeongchang­gun , Jinbu­myeon , Topdong­ri, Odaesan National Park, N37.72722, E128. 55222, 2012.07.31 ­08.30, S.­J. Park & I.­J. Hur, flight interception trap .

Figures

Fig. 7. Wings of Libnotes. A. L. (Afrolimonia) ladogensis. B. L. (Libnotes) amatrix, male. C. L. (Libnotes) amatrix, female. D. L. (Libnotes) basistrigata. E. L. (Libnotes) longistigma. F. L. (Libnotes) nohirai. G. L.(Libnotes) puella.

Fig. 8. Male and female terminalia of Libnotes. A­D. male genitalia, dorsal view. A. L.(Libnotes) amatrix. B. L. (Libnotes) basistrigata. C. L. (Libnotes) nohirai. D. L. (Libnotes) puella. E­J. ovipositor, lateral view. E. L.(Afrolimonia) ladogensis. F. L.(Libnotes) amatrix. G. L. (Libnotes) basistrigata. H. L. (Libnotes) longistigma. I. L.(Libnotes) nohirai. J. L.(Libnotes) puella.

Fig. 10. Distribution maps.A. Achyrolimonia basispina. B. Discobola annulata. C. Discobola margarita. D. Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) edwardsi. E. Geranomyia gifuensis. F. Geranomyia multipuncta. G. Geranomyia neavocetta. H. Helius (Helius) nipponensis. I. Libnotes(Afrolimonia) ladogensis. J. Libnotes (Libnotes) amatrix. K. Libnotes (Libnotes) basistrigata. L. Libnotes (Libnotes) longistigma. M. Libnotes (Libnotes) nohirai. N. Libnotes (Libnotes) puella. O. Trentepohlia(Mongoma) pennipes. P. Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia) septemtrionalis.