Tyto Billberg, 1828

Nascimento, Rafael S. & Silveira, Luís Fábio, 2024, Fossil and subfossil birds of Brazil, Zoologia (e 23079) 41, pp. 1-234 : 157-158

Tyto Billberg

514. Tyto furcata (Temminck)

Quaternary – MG, PI, RS

Strix perlata [in part] – Lund 1837: 247–248.

Strix [?; in part] – Gervais 1844a: 294.

Strix [?; in part] – Giebel 1846: 313.

Strix [?; in part] – Giebel 1847: 11.

Strix [?; in part] – Pictet 1853: 411.

“les Strix ” [?; in part] – Liais 1872: 303.

Strix flammea ( perlata ) [in part?] – Winge 1887: 37.

Strix flammea ( perlata ) – Goeldi 1894: 76.

Strix flammea ( perlata ) [in part?] – Lambrecht 1933: 770. Tyto alba [in part?] – Brodkorb 1971: 232.

Tyto alba [ Strix flammea ] [in part?] – Mones 1986: 96.

Tyto alba [in part?] – Cuello 1988: 55.

Tyto furcata [in part?] – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 493.

Winge (1887) reported bones in large numbers from many individuals (ranging from very young to adults) from Lapa da Escrivânia V, two bones from Lapa da Escrivânia XI, a bone from Lapa da Lagoa do Sumidouro, several from an unknown origin, and some more of recent age [28]. The material is represented by various skull parts, scapula, coracoid, humerus, ulna, radius, carpometacarpus, first phalanx of the major digit of the wing, pelvis, femur, tibiotarsus, fibula, tarsometatarsus, and several pedal phalanges, with noticeable individual variation.

Lund (1837) reported bones of varying ages and numerous traces of its predatory activities (on rodents and bats) in several parts of Lapa Nova de Maquiné. Perhaps they figure among the material of unknown origin and of recent age mentioned by Winge. Lund (1841a) also associated with them the mounds of remains of small mammals and birds, of varying ages, from the very first cave he studied, near the village of Cachoeira do Campo. He mentioned remains of the owl’s feeding activities in the caves several times in further works ( Lund 1839, 1841b, 1841c, 1846).

Tyto alba – Guérin et al. 1993a: 198.

Tyto alba – Guérin et al. 1993b: 328.

Tyto alba – Guérin et al. 1996: 84.

Tyto alba – Guérin et al. 2002: 136.

Guérin et al. (1993a, 1993 b, 1996) reported this species from Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião. At least three adults and one young individual are present in the material.

Tyto alba – Jacobus 2004: 99.

Tytonidae – Jacobus and Rosa 2013: 246.

Jacobus (2004) reported remains from the Dalpiaz (RS-LN-1) rock shelter in Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul. The material is deposited in the MARSUL collection.

Strigidae Leach 515. Strigidae indet. 1

Quaternary – MG

Syrnium sp. e minoribus – Winge 1887: 38.

“duas especies de Syrnium , das quaes uma maior, outra menor” [in part] – Goeldi 1894: 76.

Syrnium sp. (“Mehrere Formen”) [in part] – Lambrecht 1933: 771. Syrnium sp. [in part] – Mones 1986: 96.

Strigidae indet. 1 – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 493.

Winge (1887) reported a tarsometatarsus lacking the proximal end from Lapa da Escrivânia XI. He noted it matches very closely the tarsometatarsus of an indeterminate “ Syrnium ” from the Lagoa Santa region, which may be “ Syrnium melanotum ” (= Pulsatrix melanota or Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana ? [38]) and especially “ Syrnium huhula ” (= Strix huhula ) or “ Syrnium suinda ” (= Asio flammeus suinda ).

516. Strigidae indet. 2

Quaternary – MG

Syrnium ? sp. e majoribus – Winge 1887: 38.

“duas especies de Syrnium , das quaes uma maior, outra menor” [in part] – Goeldi 1894: 76.

Syrnium sp. (“Mehrere Formen”) [in part] – Lambrecht 1933: 771. Syrnium sp. [in part] – Mones 1986: 96.

Strigidae indet. 2 – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 493.

Winge (1887) reported a humerus from an unknown origin which he defined as “ Syrnium ? sp.”, larger and slightly different than the record above. He noted it is somewhat larger and considerably different from Asio clamator and slightly larger than in a female “ Syrnium aluco ”(= Strix aluco ).

517. Strigidae indet. 3

Late Holocene – RJ

Strigidae – Carvalho 1984: 117.

Carvalho (1984) reported a worked strigid femur among the material discovered in 1978 in the Corondó site (RJ-JC-64) in São Pedro da Aldeia , Rio de Janeiro .

518. Strigidae indet. 4

Quaternary – PI

Strigidae [in part] – Guérin et al. 1993a: 198.

Strigidae [in part] – Guérin et al. 1993b: 328.

Rhinoptynx clamator [ou] Ciccaba huhula – Guérin et al. 1996: 84. Rhinoptynx clamator ou Ciccaba huhula – Guérin et al. 2002: 136.

Guérin et al. (1996) reported material attributable to

Asio clamator or Strix huhula from Toca da Janela da Barra

[38] Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana Bertoni & Bertoni was considered close to Pulsatrix melanota (Tschudi) , sometimes treated as conspecific. Because of this, Winge may have elected P. melanota as a possibility, even though the species, strictly speaking, is found only in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia ( Holt et al. 2017).

do Antonião. At least one adult individual is present in the material. This is one of the taxa the authors highlighted as no longer living in the region today.