Phanerotoma glabritemporalis, Achterberg, 2021

Achterberg, Cornelis van, 2021, The tribe Phanerotomini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) of the Arabian Peninsula, with special reference to the United Arab Emirates and Yemen, ZooKeys 1014, pp. 1-118 : 1

Phanerotoma glabritemporalis sp. nov. Figs 109-111 , 112-123

Type material.

Holotype, ♀ (RMNH): " United Arab Emirates, al-Ajban (11858), light trap, 17.iv.-29.v.2006, 24°36'N, 55°01'E, A. v. Harten, RMNH’10”. Paratypes: 2♀: Idem; 4♀, 1♂: Idem, 27.v.-26.vi.2006; 1♀: Idem, 17.x.-9.xi.2005; 8♀: "United Arab Emirates, NARC near Sweihan (1245), light trap, 28.iii.-2.iv.2005, 24°24'N, 55°26'E, A. v. Harten, RMNH’06”; 14♀, 1♂: Idem, 2-9.iv.2005; 12♀: Idem, 9-20.iv.2005; 1♀: Idem, 14-28.iii.2005; 6♀: Idem, 1.ii.-14.iii.2005; 1♀: Idem, 20-30.iv.2005; 1♀: "United Arab Emirates, Fujairah (1587), hand coll., 2-13.v.2005, 25°08'N, 56°21'E, A. v. Harten, RMNH’05”; 2♀: " Yemen (3901), Al Kowd, light trap, vii.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al Haruri, RMNH’00”; 1♀: Idem, ix.1999; 1♀: Idem, v.-vi.2000; 2♀: Idem, viii.1999; 21♀, 1♂: Idem, 1-5.ix.2001; 1♀: Idem, vi.2002; 2♀: Idem, x.2000; 1♀, 1♂: Idem, xi.2000; 2♀: Idem, xii.2000; 1♀: Idem, 21-25.viii.2001; 10♀: Idem, 16-20.viii.2001; 2♀: Idem, 27-31.vii.2001; 3♀: Idem, 1-5.ix.2001; 1♀: Idem, vi.2002; 9♀, 2♂: Idem, ix.2003; 37♀, 1♂: Idem, vii.-ix.2001; 1♀: Idem, viii.2000, A. v. Harten & A.R. Al Yarimi; 1♀: "Yemen (7269), Seyun, light trap, 4-6.ix.2002, A. van Harten, RMNH’03”; 1♀: Idem, 12-14.viii.2002; 3♀: Idem, vi.2002; 3♀: "Yemen (5404), Haman 'Ali, from coffee berries (with Ceratitis capitata ?), 14.iii.2001, A. van Harten, RMNH’02”; 1♀: "Yemen (6158), Al Lahima, Mal[aise] trap, 17.ix.-14.xi.2001, A. van Harten, RMNH’02”; 2♀, 1♂: "Yemen: Ta’izz (4056), light trap, viii.1999, A. van Harten & A. Ahwad, RMNH’00”; 1♀: Idem, viii.2000, A. v. Harten & A.R. Al Yarimi; 1♀: Idem, ix.2000; 1♀, "Yemen (7189), Al Kadan, light trap, v.2002, A. van Harten & A.R. Al Yarimi, RMNH’02”; 1♀: Idem, i.2003, A. v. Harten & T. Abdul-Haq; 3♀: Idem, x.2001. Excluded from type series: 9♀: "Yemen: Al Kowd (6151), 1-5.ix.2001, light trap, A. v. Harten & S. Al Haruri, RMNH’02”; 2♀: Idem, 16-20.viii.2001; 1♂: "United Arab Emirates, NARC near Sweihan (1473), light trap, 20-30.iv.2005, 24°24'N, 55°26'E, A. v. Harten, RMNH’05”.

Diagnosis.

Ventral half of temple shiny, mostly smooth (at most punctulate) and convex (Fig. 121 ), vein 1-R1 of fore wing 3.0-3.6 × distance between apex of marginal cell and apex of wing, POL ca. 0.5 × diameter of posterior ocellus and third tergite ca. 1.5 × as long as second tergite; antenna of ♀ slender, subapical segment distinctly longer than wide and eighth segment from apex ca. 1.5 × as long as wide, without subapical protuberances; scutellar sulcus narrow and indistinctly crenulate anteriorly vein 1-M of fore wing much or slightly paler than vein 1-CU1; parastigma yellow, but sometimes somewhat infuscate posteriorly; convexity of T3 in lateral view variable; face mostly smooth (rarely finely sculptured) and very shiny; temple parallel-sided in lateral view, smooth (but sometimes finely sculptured) and shiny; clypeus flattened and approx. as wide as face; median carina of frons absent or obsolescent; differs from all other species by the shiny head combined with slender apical antennal segments of ♀ and a medium-sized third tergite with curved lateral borders (Fig. 114 ); males with strongly inflated hind femur (Fig. 110 ). The smooth mesosternum and inflated hind femur is shared by the Central Asian P. minuta Kokujev, 1903, but females of P. glabritemporalis have slenderer apical segments of antenna (robust in P. minuta ), vein 1-R1 of fore wing 1.2-1.4 × as long as pterostigma (shorter than pterostigma), face mostly smooth (rugulose) and malar space 0.5 × as long as basal width of mandible (approx. equal). Excluded from the type series are specimens with the mesosternum less shiny as the ventral half of the temple and the latter is more or less coriaceous-rugulose; possibly it concerns a more sculptured variety of P. glabritemporalis .

Description.

Female, holotype, length of body (excluding ovipositor) 5.1 mm; antenna 4.1 mm; fore wing 3.7 mm; visible part of ovipositor sheath 0.6 mm (only apex setose).

Head. Width 1.4 × median length in anterior view and part of head above eye in lateral view 0.4 × height of eye (Fig. 121 ); antenna with 23 segments and 1.1 × longer than fore wing, segments slender and gradually shortened, narrowed apically and apical segments non-moniliform and narrowed basally (Fig. 117 ), third, fourth and penultimate segments 3.2, 3.0 and 1.8 × longer than wide in lateral view, respectively; area of stemmaticum rugulose-coriaceous; OOL: diameter of posterior ocellus: POL = 19: 10: 5; length of eye 2.4 × temple in dorsal view (Fig. 119 ); frons medially mostly smooth and very shiny, without median carina and laterally coriaceous-rugulose; vertex superficially rugulose, but posteriorly mostly smooth, rather shiny; temple parallel-sided in lateral view, mostly smooth and shiny, convex; face medially and clypeus mostly smooth and shiny; face without distinct median ridge and laterally rugulose, but smooth near eye; clypeus with three obsolescent teeth medio-ventrally (Fig. 120 ); eye large, strongly convex and in lateral view 1.9 × (measured medially) temple (Fig. 121 ), in anterior view 0.9 × minimum width of face; upper condyle of mandible near lower level of eyes (Fig. 120 ); malar space aciculate, shiny and 0.5 × as basal width of mandible; lower tooth of mandible 0.3 × as long as apical tooth (Fig. 118 ).

Mesosoma (Figs 109 , 113 ). Length 1.5 × its width in lateral view; side of pronotum mainly rugose, but dorsally mostly smooth; mesosternum smooth and very shiny; mesoscutum coriaceous and rather dull, but notaulic courses and medio-posteriorly rugose and rather shiny, densely setose; notauli hardly indicated; scutellar sulcus wide and with ten carinae (Fig. 113 ); scutellum triangular, largely punctate and rather shiny; metanotum with short median carina anteriorly and truncate posteriorly; propodeum coarsely reticulate-rugose, anteriorly with some longitudinal carinae, without distinct median and transverse carinae, latero-posteriorly not tuberculate. Wings. Fore wing 2.7 × longer than its maximum width; length of 1-R1 1.5 × as long as swollen pterostigma; 1-R1 3.1 × distance between apex of marginal cell and apex of wing; r issued far beyond middle of pterostigma and 0.5 × 3-SR; 2-SR curved and distally subparallel with posterior margin of pterostigma (Fig. 112 ); SR1 nearly straight; 2-SR+M rather long because of distinctly postfurcal m-cu; parastigma large; 1-CU1 0.4 × as long as vein 2-CU1; r:3-SR:SR1 = 9:20:130; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 26:20:11; r-m reclivous; 2-M weakly curved and horizontal (Fig. 112 ). Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 19:16:10. Legs. Hind femur 3.5 × as long as wide and widened subbasally; middle tibia with ivory blister; inner spur of middle tibia 0.6 × its basitarsus; hind coxa mostly smooth and shiny; hind tibia and basitarsus slender (Fig. 116 ).

Metasoma (Figs 114 , 115 ). Oval in dorsal view, 1.7 × as long as wide and 1.4 × as long as mesosoma; first and second tergites finely and densely longitudinally rugose; third tergite 1.5 × longer than second tergite and laterally curved, in lateral view rather convex, densely rugulose and medio-posteriorly truncate (Fig. 114 ), lateral lamella narrow, not protruding latero-apically and medio-apically truncate; ovipositor sheath medium-sized, its visible part 0.12 × as long as fore wing and 0.18 × metasomal carapace and setose part 0.03 × fore wing; hypopygium apically with short triangle, without apical spine and with rather short setae (Fig. 115 ).

Colour. Brownish yellow; palpi, mandible (except dark brown teeth), clypeus, malar space, temple ventrally, pronotum, propleuron, legs (but hind femur and tibia brownish apically), first and second metasomal tergites pale yellow or ivory; apical third of antenna, ovipositor sheath and stemmaticum brown; pterostigma pale brownish yellow but basally pale yellowish (Fig. 112 ); wing membrane subhyaline but below pterostigma slightly infuscate; parastigma, veins 1-M, 2-CU1 and m-cu of fore wing yellow and veins r, 1-CU1, cu-a, 2-SR, 3-SR and 2-M rather dark brown.

Male.

Similar to female but hind femur strongly inflated (Fig. 110 ) and vein 1-R1 of fore wing 1.0-1.2 × as long as pterostigma.

Variations.

Length of fore wing of both sexes (2.1-)2.9-3.9 mm; apical antennal segments of ♀ usually non-moniliform, but especially in specimens from Yemen often submoniliform or rarely moniliform; third tergite 1.5-1.7 × longer than second tergite; medially frons very shiny and smooth but sometimes somewhat aciculate dorsally; vein 1-R1 of fore wing of ♀ 1.2-1.4 × as long as pterostigma; sometimes pterostigma darkened but anteriorly pale yellowish; stemmaticum brown or black; vein 1-M of fore wing varies from pale yellow (typical) to brown or dark brown; excluded specimens have face and temple finely sculptured.

Biology.

Unknown.

Distribution.

United Arabian Emirates, Yemen.

Etymology.

Named after the shiny and smooth temples (glabrus is Latin for smooth).

Figures

Figures 109 - 111. Phanerotoma glabritemporalis van Achterberg, sp. nov., ♀, holotype (but 110, 111 of ♂, paratype) 109 habitus lateral 110 metasoma and hind femur lateral 111 metasoma dorsal.

Figures 112 - 123. Phanerotoma glabritemporalis van Achterberg, sp. nov., ♀, holotype (but 122 of ♀ paratype) 112 fore wing 113 mesosoma dorsal 114 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 115 metasoma lateral 116 hind leg lateral 117 apical half of antenna lateral 118 mandible ventral 119 head dorsal 120 head anterior 121 head lateral 122 mandible ventral 123 antenna lateral.