Iquitosa Roewer, 1943

Hara, Marcos Ryotaro, Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Villarreal, Osvaldo, 2014, Revision of the cranaid genera Phalangodus, Iquitosa and Aguaytiella (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptoidea), Zootaxa 3814 (4), pp. 567-580 : 575-577

Iquitosa Roewer, 1943 revalidated

Iquitosa Roewer, 1943: 34 ; Soares et al. 1992: 2 (key), 6 (diagnosis) (type species Iquitosa poecilis Roewer, 1943 , by monotypy).

Phalangodus [part]: Kury 1996: 178, 180 (systematics); Kury 2003: 96 (catalogue). Note: Iquitosa is revalidated from the synonymy of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 , established by Kury, 1996.

Diagnosis. Large (DSL approximately 6.5) cranaine. Outline of dorsal scutum type beta. Ocularium widened and inconspicuous (ocularium silhouette not visible in the carapace outline in lateral view), very low (rendering an apparent divided ocularium) with paired armature. Dorsal scutum with three scutal areas. Dorsal scutum, lateral areas of free tergites I–III, posterior sternites and coxae IV with yellowish spots. Pedipalp: Femur cylindrical, elongated, slightly swollen distally, with a ventral row of enlarged, spiniform tubercles and a dorsodistal enlarged, spiniform tubercle; tibia with a subdistal conspicuously long seta socket on the ectal face; claw normal (not thickened). Femur IV of males with a proventral distal, curved spine. Tibia IV of males straight, unarmed. Penis: Ventral plate subrectangular, with straight lateral margins, distal margin slightly concave, 3 distal pairs of short, straight setae (2 dorsal and 1 ventral pair), 4 median pairs of setae increasing in size posteriorly, 1 basal pair of long, straight setae. Glans basally slightly constricted, with folds in its basal ⅔. Stylus strongly curved dorsally, apex swollen with a reduced stylar caps.

Remarks. Kury (1996) synonymized Iquitosa under Phalangodus . Iquitosa was described based on females for which external morphology does not match the diagnosis of Phalangodus . In this study, we had access to males of Iquitosa poecilis , which are reported here for the first time and corroborates the revalidation of the genus. Iquitosa rather resembles Aguaytiella because of the following characters: (i) yellow spots on the dorsal scutum; (ii) outline of dorsal scutum type beta; (iii) rather long and slender penis stylus; (iv) roughly subcylindrical glans with folds; (v) enlarged dorsodistal spiniform tubercle on pedipalpal femur. Both Iquitosa and Aguaytiella do not exhibit the conspicuous enlarged male pedipalpal claw, one of the diagnostic features of Phalangodus . Iquitosa can be distinguished from Aguaytiella by the ocularium very low and inconspicuous (ocularium silhouette not visible in the carapace outline in lateral view) with a pair of tubercles (or moderately high spines), scutal area III with a paramedian pair of slightly enlarged tubercles (or moderately high spines), and the following penial characteristics: ventral plate subrectangular, with straight lateral margins and the distribution pattern of the lateral pairs of setae described above (see diagnosis). Additionally, the distribution of both genera ( Iquitosa and Aguaytiella ) are restricted to northeastern and central-eastern Peru, in the Amazonian region.

Composition. Iquitosa poecilis Roewer, 1943 .

Distribution. Peru: Eastern side of the Peruvian Andes mountain chain.

Iquitosa poecilis Roewer, 1943 combination restored ( Figs 14–15 , 20–23 )

Iquitosa poecilis Roewer, 1943: 34 , pl. 3, fig. 32 (dorsal habitus; ocularium, frontal; left chelicera, [retro]lateral; right pedipalp, prolateral); Soares et al. 1992: 6 (catalogue).

Phalangodus poecilis: Kury, 1996: 180 (key, systematics); Kury 2003: 96 (catalogue).

Material examined. PERU. [Loreto], Iquitosa am Marañon, fe holotype ( SMF 1388); Cusco, Rio Camisea, Cashiari 3, 11°52’57”S, 72°39’02”W, 690 m, 27–29.xi.1997, J. Duárez & S. Córdova leg., 1 ma, 1 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505861); same data, 8.xii.1997, 2 ma (MUSM-ENT 0505862); same data, 8.xii.1997, 1 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505863); same data, San Martin 3, 11°47’09”S, 72°42’05”W, 474 m, iii–iv.1997, S. Cornova leg., 1 ma, 1 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505860); Pasco, Huancabamba, Quebrada Castillo, NW Iscozacin, 345 m, 10°0’S, 75°15’W, 30.x–1.xi.1986, 2 ma, 1 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505856); same data, 6–7.ix.1987, 3 ma, 5 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505857); same data, 1 ma, 1 fe ( MZSP); same data, Trocha Simeone, 25.x.1986, D. Silva D. leg., 1 ma, 2 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505858); Huanuco, Dantas-La Molina, Quebrada Sapote , SW de Puerto Inca, 270 m, 9°38’S, 75°00’W, 18.v–1.vi.1987, D. Silva D. leg., 1 ma, 1 fe (MUSM-ENT 0505859).

Diagnosis. Same as the genus.

Redescription. Male (MUSM-ENT 0505862): Dorsum ( Figs 14–15 ): Measurements: DSL 6.6; DSW 5.8; CL 3.7; CW 4.7; PF 4.6; FIV 14; LI 23; LII 47.5; LIII 34; LIV 47.5. Anterior margin of carapace with 4 tubercles on each side, smooth in front of the ocularium, the remaining carapace smooth. Ocularium widened and inconspicuous (ocularium silhouette not visible in the carapace outline in lateral view), very low (rendering an apparent divided ocularium) with 2 tubercles. One ozopore (anterior opening), covered by integumentary dome with slit-like opening. Lateral margin of dorsal scutum with 2–3 small tubercles near scutal area I. Scutal area I divided in left and right halves, triangle shaped, each one with 1–2 tubercles; area II with 1 tubercle on each side; area III with a paramedian slightly enlarged pair of tubercles, 2 tubercles near scutal groove IV. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum with 3–4 tubercles on each side. Free tergite I with a paramedian pair of enlarged tubercles, 2 tubercles on each side; II with 2 spines, 3 tubercles on each side; III with a paramedian pair of slightly enlarged tubercles, 5 tubercles between them, 4 tubercles on each side. Anal operculum tuberculate.

Venter: Coxa I–IV and anal operculum tuberculate; I with a median row of 5 enlarged tubercles. Stigmatic sternite with a few scattered tubercles. Free sternites each with a row of setiferous tubercles.

Chelicera: Segment I–II slightly enlarged. Segment I with 4 tubercles on bulla; segment II with several frontal tubercles, fixed finger with 4 teeth (basal widest); movable finger with 3 wide teeth.

Pedipalp ( Figs 20–21 ): Coxa with 2 ventral tubercles, dorsally smooth. Trochanter dorsally inflated with 1–2 tubercles, ventrally with 2 tubercles (prolateral largest). Femur cylindrical, elongated, apically slightly swollen, with 6 dorsal enlarged tubercles, 1 dorsodistal enlarged spiniform tubercle, a retrolateral basal row of 4 tubercles, a ventral row of 5 enlarged, spiniform tubercles. Patella covered irregularly with small tubercles. Tibia with 6 small tubercles on dorsal face; tibial setation: mesal and ectal IiIi (subdistal seta socket conspicuously long on the ectal face). Tarsus with small dorsal tubercles; tarsal setation: mesal and ectal IiIi. Claw normal (not thickened).

Legs: Coxa I dorsally with 1 anterior, 1 posterior apophyses; coxa II idem, anterior one enlarged and in front of ozopore; coxa III with 1 anterior, 1 posterior apophyses directed anteriorly and posteriorly, respectively; IV dorsolaterally tuberculate, with 1 prodorsal apical short, spiniform apophysis. Trochanters–femora I–IV tuberculate. Trochanters I–II with large ventral tubercles; trochanter IV with 1 retrolateral apical enlarged tubercle. Femora I–II small tuberculate; femora III–IV dorsoapically with a prolateral and a retrolateral (largest in femur III) enlarged, pointed tubercles; femur IV with a proventral subapical, curved spine. Patellae–tibiae I–IV smooth. Tarsal segmentation 8–9, 15–16, 11, 13.

Penis ( Figs 22–23 ): Ventral plate subrectangular with straight lateral margins, distal margin slightly concave, 3 distal pairs of short, straight setae (2 dorsal and 1 ventral pair), 4 median pairs of setae increasing in size posteriorly, 1 basal pair of long, straight setae. Venter of ventral plate with microtrichia. Glans basally slightly constricted, with folds in its basal ⅔. Stylus smooth, strongly curved dorsally, apex swollen with a reduced stylar caps.

Coloration ( Figs 14–15 ): Most of the body light brown, carapace brown, scutal groove I dark brown. Large tubercles on free tergite II yellowish. Tubercles of dorsal scutum (except anterior margin and large tubercles on scutal area III), sides of free tergites I–III and free sternites I–II with a large circular white patch. Metatarsus IV with light brown rings.

Female (MUSM-ENT 0505863). Measurements: DSL 6.4; DSW 5.4; CL 3.2; CW 4.3; PF 4.1; FIV 13.3; LI 20.5; LII 44.5; LIII 31.5; LIV 42.5. Free tergite III with paramedian pair of enlarged, pointed tubercles. Chelicera: Segment I–II of normal size (not enlarged). Pedipalpal femur with 4 ventral large tubercles. Two small tubercles on scutal area III in white patches. Coxa IV with prodorsal apical enlarged, pointed tubercle. Femora III–IV with 2 dorsoapical pointed enlarged tubercles, smaller than males; IV unarmed. Tarsal segmentation: 8, 14, 11–12, 13.

Variation in males (n= 10): Measurements: DSL 5.95–8.4; DSW 5.65–7.05; LI 20.4–23.25; LII 41.4–48.1; LIII 30.4–34.85; LIV 41.15–47.85. Pedipalpus: Tibial setation: ectal IiIi/IiiIi; tarsal setation: ectal iiIi/IIi/IiIi. Dorsum: Ocularium with a pair of tubercles or slightly enlarged, pointed tubercles; free tergite III with variable paramedian pair of armature, varying from slightly enlarged tubercles to enlarged pointed tubercles (size up to ⅓ of the free tergite II paramedian pair of spine). Tarsal segmentation: 8–9, 13–17, 10–12, 11–14.

Variation in females (n= 10): Measurements: DSL 6.1–7.05; DSW 5.25–6.7; LI 18.6–22.2; LII 40.75–44.7; LIII 29.1–32.9; LIV 39.0–44.3. Dorsum: Ocularium with a pair of tubercles or slightly enlarged, pointed tubercles. Scutal area III with a paramedian enlarged pair of pointed tubercles; free tergite III with pair of paramedian enlarged, pointed tubercles the size of which may vary from half the height to the full height of the pair of paramedian spines on free tergite II. Pedipalp: Tibial setation: ectal IiI/IiIi/iIiIi; tarsal setation: ectal IIi/IiIi. Tarsal segmentation: 8–9, 14–18, 10–12, 11–13.

Figures

FIGURES 12 – 15. Photographs of males. 12 – 13, dorsal and left lateral views of habitus of Aguaytiella maculata Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943 (MHNC). 14 – 15, dorsal and left lateral views of habitus of Iquitosa poecilis Roewer, 1943 (MUSM-ENT 0505862). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURES 20 – 23. Iquitosa poecilis Roewer, 1943. Male (MUSM-ENT 0505862). 20, retrolateral view of left pedipalp; 21, prolateral view of left pedipalpal tibia – tarsus. 22 – 23, penis left lateral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 20 – 21, 2 mm; 22 – 23, 0.1 mm.