Fiorinia phantasma Cockerell & Robinson, 1915

Ahmed, Muhammad Z., Moore, Matthew R., Rohrig, Eric A., McKenzie, Cindy L., Liu, Di, Feng, Jinian, Normark, Benjamin B. & Miller, Douglass R., 2021, Taxonomic and identification review of adventive Fiorinia Targioni Tozzetti (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Diaspididae) of the United States, ZooKeys 1065, pp. 141-203 : 141

Fiorinia phantasma Cockerell & Robinson, 1915

Field characteristics.

First-instar exuviae overlapping second-instar exuviae. Without indentation formed between attachment of first- and second-instar exuviae. Second-instar exuviae oval, convex marginally; light to dark brown, longitudinal ridge weakly developed. Posterior end of adult female within second-instar exuviae constricted and pointed (Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1).

First instar.

Similar to F. fioriniae and F. proboscidaria in having gland spines on abdominal segment VI at least half as long as gland spine on segment VII. Fiorinia fioriniae and F. proboscidaria differ by having (characters in parentheses are those of P. phantasma ): pattern of derm surrounding large duct on head serpentine (globular); inner apex of large duct on head flat (rounded or mushroom like).

Second-instar female.

Median lobes broad, as wide as or slightly narrower than medial lobule of second lobe, projecting ca. same amount or slightly less than medial lobule of second lobes. With five pairs of marginal macroducts. Swelling of body margin adjacent to macroduct usually pointed. With three large gland spines on margin of each side of body from abdominal segments II-IV, without gland spine on abdominal segment VI; with small gland spines on margin or submargin of abdominal segment I. With three microducts on each side of head. Longitudinal line of microducts absent submarginally on venter of abdomen. Cicatrices absent.

Second-instar male.

One duct cluster on each side of body, composed of several small ducts and one communal duct. Five longitudinal lines of microducts on venter of abdomen (one medial, two mediolateral, and two submarginal), medial line sometimes incomplete. Cluster of small microducts with sclerotized orifice laterad of anterior spiracle absent. Fewer than five gland spines on each side of body between anterior and posterior spiracles. Antennae each with one enlarged seta.

Adult female.

Body tapering at segment III to narrow pygidium. With three or four pairs of dorsal macroducts on each side of body, ducts similar in shape and size to microducts. Projection between antennae with many spicules. Antennae close together, with distinct projection.

Florida collection records.

Miami-Dade Co., Miami, March 1, 2018, on Phoenix canariensis , Olga Garcia (2018-789) (3 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, April 2, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum (2018-1499) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Pinecrest, April 2, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum (2018-1487, 1489, 1491, 1492, 1496, 1500, 1503, 1504, 1524, 1525) (20 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Palmetto Bay, April 2, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum (2018-1488, 1493, 1498, 1501) (8 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Pinecrest, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum and J. Vergel (2018-2780, 2785, 2796) (6 slides); Palm Beach Co., Boynton Beach, January 23, on Cocos nucifera , L. Smith (2018-304) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, Miami-Dade Co., Palmetto Bay, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum and J. Vergel (2018-2783, 2788, 2790) (6 slides); May 22, 2018, on Dypsis lutescens , J. Miller, H. Mayer, M.Z. Ahmed (2018 -2761) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix reclinata , H. Mayer, J. Miller, M.Z. Ahmed (2018 -2767); Miami-Dade Co., Kendall, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum and J. Vergel (2018-2787, 2771) (6 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix roebelenii , E. Talamas, V. de Campover, C. Mannion (2018-2779); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix sp., L. Osborne, Y. Hernandez, P. Perez (2018-2794); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 22, 2018, on Cycas revoluta , L. Osborne, Y. Hernandez, P. Perez (2018-2854) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum and J. Vergel (2018-2784); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 22, 2018, on Phoenix sp., L. Osborne and Y. Hernandez (2018-2785); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 23, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum and J. Vergel (2018-2782, 2797, 2799) (6 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 23, 2018, on Phoenix sp., J. Farnum, C.M. Twyford (2018-2766) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 24, 2018, on Phoenix roebelenii , J. Farnum and C.C. Twyford (2018-2795); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, May 24, 2018, on Phoenix sp., C.M. Twyford (2018-2759, 2765, 2776, 2777, 2786, 2798) (12 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, May 24, 2018, on Strelitzia sp., O. Garcia and M.Z. Ahmed (2018 -2774) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, May 24, 2018 on Cocos nucifera , O. Garcia and M.Z. Ahmed (2018 -2773); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, October 15, 2018, on Tahina spectabilis , C.T. Allen, J. Farnum, S. Durand, A. Roda (2018-5459) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, October 26, 2018, on Pittosporum tobira , J. Farnum, C.T. Allen, A. Roda (2018-5679) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, October 26, 2018, on Livistona chinensis , J. Farnum, C.T. Allen, A. Roda (2018-5680) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, December 3, 2018, on Sabal mexicana , J. Farnum, L. Noblick (2018-6221) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, December 3, 2018, on Nypa fruticans , J. Farnum and L. Noblick (2018-6222) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, December 3, 2018, on Tahina spectabilis , J. Farnum, L. Noblick (2018-6218); Miami-Dade Co., Coral Gables, December 3, 2018, on Howea forsteriana , J. Farnum and L. Noblick (2018-6219) (3 slides); Palm Beach Co., Boynton Beach, February 8, 2019, on Pandanus sp., L. Smith (2018-481) (2 slides); Palm Beach Co., Delray Beach, March 4, 2019, on unknown host, J. Farnum and L. Smith (2018-903) (2 slides).

Specimens examined for description and diagnosis.

Palm Beach Co., Boynton Beach , October 30, 2019, on Wodyetia bifurcata , L. Smith, 5 1st (2019-5998); Palm Beach Co. , Boynton Beach, April 6, 2020, on Ligustrum japonicum , L. Smith, 10 ad ♀ (2020-1365) ; Palm Beach Co., Boynton Beach , November 6, 2019, on Wodyetia bifurcata , 5 2nd ♀ (2019-6182) ; Philippines, June 28, 1996 on Plumeria sp., 2nd ♀ ( SF023635 ); Miami-Dade Co., Miami , November 9, 2019, on Palmae, O. Garcia, 5 2nd ♂ (2019-6149) ; Palm Beach Co., Boca Raton , December 29, 2020, on Phoenix canariensis , L. Smith, 10 ad ♀ (2020-4958).

Other specimens examined from USNM.

Grenada, Calivingy Island , March 2012, on Phoenix dactylifera , S.W. Evans (E-2012-2099) ; Guam, Tamuning , June 4, 1984, on Cocos nucifera , R. Muniappan; Hawaii : Oahu, Kapahulu area, March 27, 2009, on Ligustrum sp., M. Ramadan (0904651); Hawaii, Hilo ?, date ?, on Pittosporum sp., B. Kumashiro 5 2nd ♀,5 2nd ♀ ; Philippines, April 7, 1965, on Cocos nucifera , J.I. Mason ; Philippines, November 15, 1971, on palm leaf, R.F. Goodall (Seattle 8910) ; Philippines, March 13, 1975, on Mangifera indica , M. Yoshinaga (Hawaii 28847) ; Philippines, August 26, 1975, on Cocos nucifera , A. Buchanan ( LA 015303 ) ; Philippines, November 30, 1975, on palm leaf, Ozuka & Richardson (Hawaii 32858) ; Philippines, June 8, 1977, on palm leaf, Tamiya (Hawaii 39130) ; Philippines, August 17, 1977, on Areca sp., J. Sato (Honolulu 42721) ; Philippines, October 19, 1978, on Areca sp., Takeda, (Honolulu 43108) ; Philippines, November 4, 1978, on palm leaf, Jodoi, (Honolulu 42704) ; Philippines, May 26, 1981, on Tamarindus indica , D.O. Wienhee & F.G. Walisen (Seattle 17304) ; Philippines, May 12, 1985, on Philippines, Clausenia anisum , C. Dollopf (Chicago 009312) ; Philippines, June 28, 1996, on Plumeria sp. ( SF 023635 ) ; Philippines, October 19, 1978, on Areca sp., Takeda (Honolulu 43108) ; Taiwan, May 10, 1981, on leaf, J.L. Levitt (Seattle 17328) ; Taiwan, April 8, 1988, on Ficus sp., V . McDonald (JFK 100609); Thailand, August 31, 1982, on leaf, G. Hinsdale (Anchorage 017131) ; Thailand, July 19, 1985, on Murraya koenigii , J. Alabu ( LA 052785 ) ; Thailand, November 15,1987, on Areca sp., J. Elridge (Atlanta 003471) ; Thailand, March 20, 2003, on Arecaceae, F. Hadded ; Thailand, March 27, 2006, on palm, M. Hanzlik (ANC 060060) ; Vietnam, April 26, 2007, on Cocos sp., A. Coronel ( LA 207977 CA) ; Vietnam, October 26, 2012, on unknown host, D. Gregory (SF 1301449) .

Notes.

We examined four paratype slides of F. coronata Williams & Watson from Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands deposited in the USNM collection at Beltsville, Maryland. Most of the specimens were punctured in the middle of the body between the posterior spiracles during the mounting process. However, we could still see that all had microducts between the posterior spiracles which were small and less numerous than specimens from elsewhere, but they definitely are there.

We also examined a paratype slide of F. phantasma in the same collection, but it is in such poor condition that only half of the pygidium is useful for diagnosis. It is impossible to even find the posterior spiracles, let alone microducts between them. In addition, the holotype of F. phantasma deposited in The Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK) was loaned to and examined by one of us (DL). It also was in poor condition; microducts close to anterior and posterior spiracles and in prepygidial abdominal segments were not visible. All of the examined specimens of F. phantasma that were in good condition had easily discernable microducts between the posterior spiracles.