Paracymbiomma, Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018

Cizauskas, Igor, Brescovit, Antonio D., Rodrigues, Bruno V. B. & Rheims, Cristina A., 2024, Description of the female of P. pauferrense Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018 and three new species of Paracymbiomma Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018 (Araneae: Prodidomidae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 5474 (3), pp. 271-291 : 272-273

Key to species of Paracymbiomma

1 Males .............................................................................................. 2

- Females (except P. doisirmaos , unknown)................................................................ 10

2 Eyes present ( Figs 1 , 15 )............................................................................... 3

- Eyes absent ( Fig. 66 ; Rodrigues et al. 2018, figs 6, 13)................................................. P. caecus

3 Eight eyes ( Figs 15–16 , 20 )............................................................................. 4

- Six eyes ( Figs 1 , 6–7 )................................................................................. 6

4 Palpal bulb with tegulum ovoid; MA rounded ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 57) or gutter-shaped ( Fig. 18 ) with small, pointed distal tip............................................................................................ 5

- Palpal bulb with tegulum circular; MA long and slender, twisted at base ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 53)..... P. pauferrense

5 RTA gently tapering from base to tip ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 58); embolus running straight from base before curving around tegulum ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 57)............................................................ P. carajas

- RTA medially as thick as base, tapering at distal third towards tip ( Fig. 19 ); embolus curving around tegulum from base ( Fig. 18 )................................................................................. P. otxurucu sp. nov.

6 Palpal tegulum ovoid; MA wide, less than two times longer than wide ( Figs 4 , 11 ; Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 61)......... 7

- Palpal tegulum rounded; MA slender, three or more times longer than wide ( Fig. 38 ; Rodrigues et al. 2018, figs 49, 53).... 8

7 RTA tip not surpassing half cymbium length ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, Fig. 62 ); C short, arising from tegulum close to MA; MA rounded with small triangular tip ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 61)....................................... P. bocaina

- RTA tip surpassing half cymbium length ( Figs 5 , 12 ); C elongate, almost as long as embolus, arising from tegulum close to embolar base; MA resembling a scorpion telson, with blunt tip ( Figs 4 , 11 ).......................... P. pepita sp. nov.

8 Palpal tibia with a median, subrectangular retrolateral apophysis in addition to the RTA ( Figs 39 , 43 )....... P. una sp. nov.

- Palpal tibia without median retrolateral apophysis ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, figs 50, 54).............................. 9

9 RTA far from cymbium wall ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 55); MA small, retrolaterally directed; embolar insertion central, far from MA ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, figs 55–56)..................................................... P. doisirmaos

- RTA close to cymbium wall; MA large, hook-shaped; embolus inserted at 12 o’clock position, close to MA (Figs 18,19; Rodrigues et al. 2018)......................................................................... P. angelim

10 Eyes present ( Figs 6 , 20 , 37 )........................................................................... 11

- Eyes absent (Fig. 72)............................................................................ P. caecus

11 Eight eyes ( Figs 20 , 46–47 )............................................................................ 12

- Six eyes ( Fig. 37 ).................................................................................... 14

12 Epigynum with atrium triangular ( Fig. 22 ; Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 59)........................................ 13

- Epigynum with atrium wide, onion dome-shaped ( Figs 49 , 52 )...................................... P. pauferrense

13 Epigynum with atrium with lateral margins scletorized and anterior margin not sclerotized ( Figs 22 , 26 ); vulva with SS reaching anteriormost part of translucent copulatory duct ( Figs 23 , 27 ).................................. P. otxurucu sp. nov.

- Epigynum with atrium with lateral and anterior margins sclerotized ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 59); vulva with SS not reaching anteriormost part of translucent copulatory duct ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 60)............................ P. carajas

14 Epigynum with atrium triangular or circular, without hood; posterior margin of epigynal plate roughly straight ( Figs 8 , 40 ; Rodrigues at al. 2018, fig. 63).......................................................................... 15

- Epigynum with atrium semicircular, forming a hood; posterior margin of epigynal plate recurved ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 51)........................................................................................ P. angelim

15 Epigynum with atrium circular ( Fig. 40 ; Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 63)......................................... 16

- Epigynum with atrium triangular ( Figs 9 , 13 ).................................................. P. pepita sp. nov.

16 Epigynum with atrium with anterior and lateral margins sclerotized ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 63); vulva with CD with thicker lateral parts; SS directed anteriorly ( Rodrigues et al. 2018, fig. 64)....................................... P. bocaina

- Epigynum with atrium with lateral margins sclerotized and anterior margin not sclerotized ( Figs 40 , 44 ); vulva with CD with proximal part thicker; SS directed posteriorly ( Figs 41 , 45 )......................................... P. una sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 66. Map showing collection records for the known species of Paracymbiomma Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018. A—Brazil, epigean species; B—Subterranean species.

FIGURES 1–5. Paracymbiomma pepita sp. nov., male (IBSP 189003). 1 Habitus, dorsal; 2 Chellicerae, ventral; 3 Sternum, ventral; 4–5 Left palp (ventral, retrolateral). C—conductor; E—embolus; MA—median apophysis; Pcb—paracymbium; RTA– retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale lines: 1: 0.5 mm; 2–5: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 15–19. Paracymbiomma otxurucu sp. nov., male (IBSP 193183). 15 Habitus, dorsal; 16 Carapace, eye area, frontal; 17 abdomen, spinnerets, ventral; 18–19 Left palp (18 ventral, 19 retrolateral).ALE—anterior lateral eyes; ALE—anterior lateral eyes; ALS—anterior lateral spinnerets; C—conductor; E—embolus; MA—median apophysis; Pcb—paracymbium; PLE— posterior lateral eyes; PME—posterior median eyes; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale lines: 15: 0.5 mm; 16–17: 0.2 mm; 18–19: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 20–23. Paracymbiomma otxurucu sp. nov., female (IBSP 193491). 20 Habitus, dorsal; 21 Abdomen, ventral; 22–23 genitalia (22 epigynum, ventral, 23 vulva, dorsal). A—atrium; FD—fertilization duct; PIn—postepigastric invagination; PS— primary spermathecae; SS—secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 20–21: 0.5 mm; 22–23: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 6–10. Paracymbiomma pepita sp. nov., female (IBSP 189003). 6 Habitus, dorsal; 7 Carapace, eye area, frontal; 8 Abdomen, spinnerets, ventral; 9–10 genitalia (9 epigynum, ventral 10 vulva, dorsal). A—atrium; ALE—anterior lateral eye; ALS—anterior lateral spinnerets; FD—fertilization duct; PLE—posterior lateral eye; PME—posterior median eye; PS—primary spermathecae; SS—secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 6: 0.5 mm; 7–10: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 11–14. Paracymbiomma pepita sp. nov. 11–12 Male (IBSP 189003), left palp (11 ventral, 12 retrolateral); 13–14 Female (IBSP 189003), genitalia (13 epigynum, ventral, 14 vulva dorsal). A—atrium; C—conductor; E—embolus; FD— fertilization duct; MA—medianapophysis; Pcb—paracymbium;PS—primary spermathecae; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 11–12: 0.1 mm; 13–14: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 36–41. Paracymbiomma una sp. nov. 36, 38–39 Male (IBSP 225634); 37, 40–41 (IBSP 225601) 36–37 habitus, dorsal; 39–40 felt palp (39 ventral, 40 retrolateral); 40–41 genitalia (40 epigynum, ventral, 41 vulva, dorsal). A—atrium; C— conductor; E—embolus; FD–fertilization duct; MA—median apophysis; Pcb—paracymbium; PS—primary spermathecae; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 36–37: 0.5 mm; 38–41: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 60–65. Paracymbiomma pauferrense Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018. Female (IBSP) 60–63 spinnerets 60 apical; 61 anterior lateral spinneret, apical; 62 posterior lateral spinerets, apical; 63 posterior median spinneret, apical; 64–65 genitalia (64 epigynum, ventral, 65 vulva, dorsal). A—atrium; Ac—aciniform gland spigot; ALS—anterior lateral spinneret; Cy—cylindrical gland spigot; FD—fertilization duct; MaAm—major ampullate gland spigot; MiAm—minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi—piriform gland spigot; PLS—posterior lateral spinneret; PMS—posterior median spinneret; PS—primary spermathecae; SS—secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 60, 64–65: 100µm; 61–62: 50µm; 63: 40µm.

FIGURES 42–45. Paracymbiomma una sp. nov. 42–43 Male (IBSP 225634), left palp (42 ventral, 43 retrolateral); 44–45 Female (IBSP 225601), genitalia (44 epigynum, ventral, 45 vulva dorsal). A—atrium; C—conductor; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; MA—median apophysis; Pcb—paracymbium; PS—primary spermathecae; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS— secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 46–51. Paracymbiomma pauferrense Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018. Female 46–49, 51 (IBSP 67179); 50 Female (IBSP 235988) 46 habitus, dorsal; 47 carapace, eye area, frontal; 48 sternum, ventral; 49–50 genitalia (49 epigynum, ventral, 50 vulva, dorsal); 51 spinnerets, ventral.A—atrium;ALS—anterior lateral spinnerets;AMS—anterior medianspinnerets; FD—fertilization duct; PIn—post epigastric invagination; PLS—posterior lateral spinnerets; PS—primary spermathecae; SS— secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 46: 2 mm; 47: 0.25 mm; 48, 51: 0.5 mm; 49–50: 0.3 mm.

FIGURES 52–53. Paracymbiomma pauferrense Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018. Female (IBSP 235988) genitalia (52 epigynum, ventral, 53 vulva, dorsal). A—atrium; C—conductor; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; Scale lines: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 24–27. Paracymbiomma otxurucu sp. nov. 24–25 Male (193183), left palp (24 ventral, 25 retrolateral); 26–27 Female (IBSP 1983182), genitalia (26 epigynum, ventral, 27 vulva, dorsal). A—atrium; C—conductor; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; MA—median apophysis; Pcb—paracymbium; PS—primary spermathecae; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS— secondary spermathecae. Scale lines: 24–25: 0.1 mm; 26–27: 0.2 mm.