Ocyolinus amethystinus Sharp, 1884

Chatzimanolis, Stylianos & Ashe, James S., 2009, A revision of the neotropical genus Ocyolinus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylinini), Zootaxa 2162, pp. 1-23 : 6-10

Ocyolinus amethystinus Sharp, 1884

( Figs. 1 , 4 , 10, 25–28, 49)

Ocyolinus amethystinus Sharp, 1884: 363 .

Type material. Holotype: female, mounted on card with D. Sharp’s handwriting “ Ocyolinus amethystinus . Type D. S. Costa Rica. van Patten”, and with labels as follows: “ Type ” / “B.C.A. Col. I. 2. Ocyolinus amethystinus, Sharp ” / “ Costa Rica. Van Patten.” / “Sharp Coll. 1905 – 313.” ( BMNH). Sharp (1884) specifically states in the original description that he had available only a single female specimen; that specimen is therefore the holotype for the species.

Additional material. COSTA RICA: Alajuela Prov.: E. B. San Ramon, R. B. San Ramon, 27 km N & 8 km W San Ramon, 10°13’30”N, 84°35’30”W, 950 m, 15.vi.1997. R. Anderson, CR1A97 015E, ex: berlese forest litter, barcode label SM0138249 (1 SEMC); Estac. Biol. San Ramon, 900 m, 1.vii–31.viii.1995, P. Hanson CR1H93-95, ex: malaise trap, barcode label SM0074322 (1 SEMC); same locality, 620 m, IV.1994, F. Quesada, LN 318100 381900, #2817, barcode label CRI 001777059 (1 INBio): same locality, 620 m, 16.i–3.ii.1995, C. Cano, LN 318000 381900, # 4396, barcode label CRI 002132867 (1 INBio); San Isidro, 24.ii.1940 / Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 1966, A. Bierig Colln. (2 FMNH); same locality, 31.iii.1940 (1 FMNH); Alfaro Ruiz, Zarcero, 24.iii.1989, A. Solis, barcode label CRI 001025532 (1 INBio); Cartago Prov.: Cervantes, 1450 m, 8.iv.1940 / Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 1966, A. Bierig Colln. (2 FMNH); Guanacaste Prov.: Guanacaste Conservation Area, Cacao Field Station, 1150 m, 15.ii.1996, R. Anderson, CR1A96 014B, ex: wet montane forest litter, barcode label SM0084209 (1 SEMC); Cacao Biol. Station, 1100–1200 m, 10°56’00”N, 85°27’00”W, 4.v.1995, R. Anderson, CR1A95 38, berlese leaf litter, barcode label SM0072395 (1 SEMC); same locality, 1000–1400 m, R. Blanco, C. Chavez, barcode label CRI 000086945 (1 INBio); Estación Pitilla 9 km S de Santa Cecilia, 700 m, x.1996, C. Moraga, LN 329950 380450, #45343, barcode label CRI 002500138 (1 INBio); same locality, iv.1995, #4827, barcode label CRI 002145472 (1 INBIO); Est. Maritza, 600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, 1988, ex: malaise, LN 326900 373000, barcode label CRI 000294313 (1 INBio); R. San Lorenzo, 1050 m, R. F. Cord., Guanacaste, v.1991, C. Alvarado, LN 287800 4276000, barcode label CRI 000504946 (1 INBio); Heredia Prov.: La Selva, 3.2 km SE Puerto Viejo, 105 m, 17.iii.1992, W. Bell, ex: flight intercept trap, barcode labels: SM0058342, SM0058343, SM0058341 (3 SEMC); La Selva Sta, 3 km S Puerto Viejo, 80 m, 10°26’00”N, 84°1’00”W, vi.15.2001, S. Chatzimanolis, CR1C01 0 49, ex: flight intercept trap, barcode label: SM0238770 (1 SEMC); Puntarenas Prov.: Monte Verde, 1400 m, 21.v.1989, J. Ashe, R. Brooks, R. Leschen, ex: flight intercept trap / Snow Entomol[ogical] Mus[eum] Costa Rica Exped[ition], #321, barcode label SM0058225 (1 SEMC); same locality and collectors, 9.v.1989, ex: pitfall traps, barcode labels SM0058226, SM058227, SM0058228 (3 SEMC); Monte Verde, Reserva Biologica de Monte Verde / nr. Quelorada cuecha on Sendero Rio, 1580 m, 13.v.1989, J. Ashe, R. Brooks, R. Leschen / Snow Entomol[ogical] Mus[eum] Costa Rica Exped[ition], #168, barcode label SM0058245 (1 SEMC); Monteverde, 1520 m, 30.iv.1986, J.S.Ashe, ex: leaf litter, barcode label SM0058229 (1 SEMC); 4500’, Monteverde, 21–26.v.1979, JM&BA Campbell (1 CNCI); Monteverde, 15.vii.1990 / pig dung, leg. K. Vulinee (1 FMNH); Monteverde, 1400’ (1 FMNH); Est. La Casona, 1520 m, Res. Biol. Monteverde, xii.1992, N. Obando, LN 253250 449700, barcode label CRI 000895946 (1 INBio), same locality, v.1993, barcode label CRI 001810858 (1 INBio); Cerro Plano, Res. Biol. Monteverde, 1300 m, E. Bello, xii.1990, LN 255200 446800, barcode label CRI 000447477 (1 INBio); Buen Amigo, San Luis Monteverde, A. C. Arenal, 1000–1350 m, v.1994, Z.Fuentes, LN 250850 449250, #2926, barcode label CRI 001894421 (1 INBio); same locality, 1040 m, x.1993, ex: malaise, #2428, barcode label CRI 002523052 (1 INBio); San Jose Prov.: San Antonio de Escazu, 1300 m, 9°39’16”N, 84°9’16”W, 1–30.ix.1998, W. Eberhard, P. Hanson, CR1EH99 0 2, barcode label SM0235842 (1 SEMC); Carpintera, 14.iv.1940 / Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 1966, A. Bierig Colln. (2 AMNH, 2 FMNH); same locality, 21.v.1939 (1 FMNH); same locality, 25.vi.1939 (1 FMNH); same locality, 26.ii.1939 (1 FMNH); same locality, 8.iv.1939 (1 FMNH); La Caja (Schmidt leg.), ii–iv.1940 / Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 1966, A. Bierig Colln. (1 FMNH); same locality, x.1939 (1 FMNH); GUATEMALA: Panzos (1 ZMHB); NICARAGUA: Matagalpa Dept.: 6 km N Matagalpa, Selva Negra, 1250 m, 12°59.9’N, 85°54.6’W, 18–22.v.2002, S. Peck 02-06, ex: flight intercept trap, NIC1P02 0 0 1, barcode label SM0560663 (1 SEMC); same locality, 1550 m, ridgetop cloud forest litter, R. Anderson, RSA 2002-024, barcode label SM0452544 (1 SEMC); 6 km N Matagalpa, Selva Negra Hotel, 1240 m, 12°59.99’N, 85°54.53’W, 18–21.v.2002, R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis, ex: flight intercept trap, Bavaria trail, NIC1BFC02 0 36, barcode labels SM0413247 (1 SEMC), SM0413248 (1 UTCI); PANAMA: Bocas del Toro Prov.: 8°34’N, 81°50’W, 1500 m, 25 km NNE San Felix, leg. J. Wagner, 11.vi.1980 / FM(HD#80-21) Berlese floor litter & root, mat. Quebrada Alicia cloud forest (1 FMNH); Fortuna / Chiriqui Grand road, 8°47’N, 82°11’W, 800 m, 14–16.vii.1987 / D.M.Olson, #540-580, premontane rain forest, pitfall trap, Field Museum N.H. (1 FMNH); Chiriqui Prov.: 7 km S Fortuna Dam. 15–17.v.1996,. Wappes Huether & Morris (1 FMNH).

Diagnosis. Among Ocyolinus species with dark metallic purple coloration on head and pronotum, O. amethystinus can be easily recognized from all other species based on the almost complete lack of punctures on the pronotum and few punctures on dorsal surface of the head. In addition, it is the only species in Ocyolinus with extremely elongate mandibular teeth.

Description. Body length 13.0–17.0 mm.

FIGURES 10–15. Pronotum of Ocyolinus . 10. O. amethystinus . 11. O. astenos . 12. O. dimoui . 13. O. ganglbaueri . 14. O. nebulosus . 15. O. rugatus .

Coloration. Head and pronotum metallic dark purple with green and blue overtones. Posterior dorsal margin of head without metallic coloration, appearing dark brown to black. Ventral surface of head and pronotum dark brown. Mandibles reddish brown. Antennomeres 1–5 brown, 7–10 yellow, 6 and 11 brownish yellow. Mesoscutellum dark brown. Elytra similar to but sometimes brighter colored than head and pronotum. Abdomen dark brown, except posterior 1/5 of segment VII and VIII yellow. Legs light brown.

Head slightly transverse, width: length ratio = 1.35. Surface of epicranium matt; with few or no micropunctures but with polygon-shaped microsculpture visible at> 70X; with few large umbilicate setose punctures around margins of head, no punctures medially except two large setose punctures. Eyes medium, length of eyes / length of head ratio = 0.4, distance between eyes as wide as 2.5 times length of eye. Postgena with medium, shallow punctures (about 1–2 punctures/ 0.5 mm), punctures not uniformly distributed.

Mandibles ( Fig. 4 ) with long medial tooth, left mandible with strongly convex elongate tooth, right mandible with flat tooth, distal part of mandible curved. Antennomeres with long macrosetae, antennomeres 1–11 longer than wide, antennomere 1 slightly curved, about 2.5 times as long as antennomere 2, antennomere 3 1.6 times as long as antennomere 2, antennomere 4 0.75 times as long as antennomere 3, antennomeres 6 slightly shorter than either antennomere 5 or 7, antennomere 7–10 gradually becoming shorter, antennomere 11 slightly longer than antennomere 10. Neck dorsally with micropunctures and rounded microsculpture, laterally with 3–4 small punctures.

Pronotum slightly longer than wide, width: length ratio = 0.86; antero-lateral angles obtusely rounded, curved downwards. Lateral margins of pronotum concave in dorsal aspect, pronotum broadest in apical 1/4 and narrower at basal angles. Surface of pronotum flat; matt due to microsculpture, with no micropunctures. Setose punctures present around the margin of pronotum, but with no other punctures, except 4 punctures at the center of the pronotum, each one delimiting the corner of a square. Pronotum with few long black macrosetae along borders. Mesoscutellum prominent, anterior half with transverse microsculpture, posterior half with microsculpture with brown microsetae and punctures, maximum distance between punctures 0.5 times width of puncture.

Elytra subequal in length to pronotum, with large setose uniform punctures (about 5 punctures / 0.5 mm), distance between punctures 1–1.5 times width of puncture; with long yellow macrosetae along borders of elytra. Elytra appearing glossy, without microsculpture but with tiny micropunctures between larger punctures visible only at> 70X.

Legs. Protarsus moderately enlarged, with yellow setae; meso- and metatarsi not enlarged. Legs almost completely covered with long yellow and brown setae.

Abdominal terga III–VII with tergal basal and no subbasal (arch-like) carina. Terga III–VII with uniform punctation patterns, densely covered with punctures and yellowish brown setae, with polygon-shaped microsculpture. Setae on abdominal terga and sterna appearing iridescent. Sterna III–VII densely punctuated, with shallow punctures and with rounded microsculpture. Lateral tergal sclerites of the abdominal segment IX long and straight, covered with long brown macrosetae.

Secondary sexual structures. Male: distal margin of sternum VII with slight broad emargination medially; sternum VIII with shallow V-shaped emargination medially; sternum IX with deep V-shaped emargination medially. Female without obvious sexual structures.

Aedeagus as in Figs. 25–28 ; paramere in dorsal view fairly wide, converging to flat apex, shorter than median lobe; in lateral view paramere almost straight; with sensory spinules as shown in Fig. 28 . Median lobe in dorsal view wide, converging to rounded apex, with a pair of dorsal teeth; in lateral view becoming narrower from middle to apex.

Distribution. Known from elevations of 80–1550 m in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama ( Fig. 49 ).

Habitat. Collected in flight intercept traps, Malaise traps, treefall and forest floor litter from wet montane forests and tropical rainforests.

Figures

FIGURE 49. Distribution map of Ocyolinus.

FIGURES 1 – 3. Habitus photographs of Ocyolinus. 1. O. amethystinus, holotype. 2. O. rugatus, lectotype. 3. O. nebulosus, paratype.

FIGURES 4 – 9. Head of Ocyolinus. 4. O. amethystinus. 5. O. astenos. 6. O. dimoui. 7. O. ganglbaueri. 8. O. nebulosus. 9. O. rugatus.

FIGURES 25 – 28. Aedeagus of O. amethystinus. 25. Dorsal view. 26. Lateral view. 27. Detail of median lobe, lateral view. 28. Detail of paramere, ventral view.