Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887

Silva, Thiago Sanches Ranzani Da, Chaul, Júlio Cezar Mário & Feitosa, Rodrigo Machado, 2022, Lectotype designation and redescription of four commonly collected Neotropical species of Strumigenys (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 798 (1), pp. 103-126 : 111-116

Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887

Figs 3–4

Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887: 576 .

Pyramica aschnae Makhan, 2007: 2 , figs 3–4 (synonymyzed by Bolton et al. 2008).

Pyramica aschnakiranae Makhan, 2007: 3 , figs 5–6 (synonymyzed by Bolton et al. 2008).

Pyramica denticulata – Bolton 1999: 1672.

Strumigenys denticulata – Baroni Urbani & De Andrade 2007: 117.

Diagnosis

Strumigenys denticulata can be distinguished from other local species by the combination of long mandibles, flagellate humeral setae ( Fig. 4B ), reduced postpetiolar spongiform projections ( Fig. 4B ), and fourth abdominal tergite mostly smooth.

Type material

Lectotype (designated herein) (label information) ( Fig. 3 ) BRAZIL • “ St. Cath Hetschko ” [printed]; “ Collect. G. Mayr ” [printed]; “ denticulata ” [handwritten] “G. Mayr, Type” [printed]; “ANTWEB CASENT 0915944 ” [printed]; “ Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 LECTOTYPE” [printed]; “ NHMW-HYM4949 ” [printed]; NMHW .

Paralectotypes (label information) BRAZIL • 1 worker; same collection data as for lectotype; “ Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 PARALECTOTYPE” [printed]; “ MCZT_28511 ” [printed]; MCZ • 2 workers; “ Blumenau ” [printed]; “Coll. G. Mayr, Type” [printed]; “ Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 PARALECTOTYPE ” [printed]; “ NHMW-HYM4952 ” [printed]; NHMW • 1 worker; “ St. Catharina Coll . G. Mayr [printed]; “Type” [printed]; “ Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 PARALECTOTYPE ” [printed]; “ NHMW-HYM4950 ” [printed]; NMHW • 1 worker; “ St. Catharina Coll . G. Mayr ” [printed];“126 Hetschko 1/984” [handwriten] “Type” [printed]; “ Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 PARALECTOTYPE ” [printed]; “NHMW- HYM4951 ” [printed]; NHMW • 1 worker; “ St. Catharina Coll. G. Mayr ” [printed]; “Brit. Mus. 1922– 501.” [printed]; “ denticulata ” [handwritten] “G. Mayr, Type” [printed]; “ BMNH(E)1013551 ” [printed]; “ANTWEB CASENT 0900180 ” [printed]; “Syntype” [printed] “ Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 PARALECTOTYPE ” [printed]; NHMUK.

Additional material examined

BRAZIL – Amazonas • 4 workers, 1 queen; Terra Firme ; 02°34′ S, 60°06′ W; 7 Nov. 1990; M.O. de Oliveira leg.; capoeira; km 10; ZF-02; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-009312 • 1 worker; Manaus, Colosso Camp ; 2°24′17.6″ S, 59°53′37.6″ W; 12–21 Aug. 2016; B. Boudinot, I. Fernandes and J. Chaul leg.; CELC, ANTWEB1038943 – Bahia • 2 workers, 2 queens; Itacaré ; 14°17′38.0″ S, 38°59′08.6″ W; 23 Oct. 2015; J. Chaul leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001970 . – Espírito Santo • 1 worker; Conceição da Barra, Reserva Biológica Córrego Grande ; 18°15′18.3″ S, 39°49′04.0″ W; 33 m a.s.l.; 21 Apr.–10 May 2017; N. Safar, C. Aquila and C. Guimarães leg.; Winkler; CELC, ANTWEB1032525 • 1 worker, 1 queen; Conceição da Barra, Floresta Nacional do Rio Preto ; 18°24′31.4″ S, 39°50′00.9″ W; 33 m a.s.l.; 21 Apr.– 10 May 2017; N. Safar, C.Aquila and C. Guimarães; Winkler; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-0008497 . – Mato Grosso • 1 worker; Canarana-Querência ; 13°04′ S, 52°23′ W; Jun. 2013; M. Bicalho and V. Ribeiro leg.; Winkler; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001884 . – Minas Gerais • 1 worker; São Tiago ; 20°57′09.69″ S, 44°26′32.09″ W; Feb. 2012; M. Padilha leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010975 • 1 queen; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001878 • 1 queen; Viçosa ; 13 Jan. 1998; S.M. Soares leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001889 • 1 worker; Viçosa , Mata do Paraíso ; 2009–2010; A.S. Pereira leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001855 • 1 queen; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV- LABECOL-001854 • 1 queen; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001888 • 3 queens; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001733 • 1 worker; Viçosa ; Jan. 2011; L.G. Dornelas leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001817 • 1 worker; Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso ; 20°48′08″ S, 42°51′31″ W; 13–18 Mar. 2011; L. Paolucci leg.; Berlese; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001786 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001680 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001772 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001760 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001777 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV- LABECOL-001773 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001763 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001787 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001785 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001784 • 1 worker; Viçosa ; 20°47′44.2″ S, 42°50′47.6″ W; 15 Feb. 2006; F.A. Schmidt leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001694 • 1 worker; Viçosa, Mata do Seu Nico ; 20°47′54.5″ S, 42°50′49.9″ W; 745 m a.s.l.; 13 Apr. 2012; F.A. Schmidt, F.M. Rezende and R.S. Jesus leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001747 • 1 worker, 1 queen; Viçosa, Horto UFV ; 8 Feb. 2012; J. Chaul leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001887 • 1 worker, 1 queen; 20°45′30.44″ S, 42°51′49.65″ W; 731 m a.s.l.; 5 May 2013; J. Chaul and N. Safar leg.; epigaeic Winkler; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-008836 • 1 queen; Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso ; 20°48′ S, 42°51′ W; 12 Feb. 2015; J. Chaul and A.P. Alves leg.; Winkler; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001715 • 1 worker; Viçosa, Mata dos Cristais ; 20°46′36.84″ S, 42°50′31.56″ W; Apr. 2013; J. Chaul and R.S. Jesus leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-008220 • 2 workers; Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso ; 20°48′18.1″ S, 42°51′05.5″ W; May 2014; R. Jesus leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-000066 • 1 worker; Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso ; 20°48′19″ S, 42°51′12″ W; 12 Jul. 2016; A.P. Raimundo, L. Ferreira, J. Chaul and L. Paolucci leg.; hypogaeic Winkler; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010979 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010978 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010977 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010976 • 1 worker; Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso ; 20°48′08.4″ S, 42°51′31.1″ W; 16 Feb. 2018; F. Ferreira leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-009450 • 1 queen; Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso ; 20°48′23.3″ S, 42°51′00.5″ W; 6–13 Jan. 2017; R.S. Jesus leg.; Malaise trap; CELC, ANTWEB1032934 • 1 worker; Araponga ; Apr. 2011; D. Muscardi; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001894 • 1 worker, 1 queen; Araponga, Cachoeira do Boné ; 20°39′43″ S, 42°26′57.5″ W; 11 Feb. 2016; J. Chaul leg.; CELC, UFV- LABECOL-001536 • 2 workers; Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Estrada Araponga- Fervedouro ; 20°44′21.9″ S, 42°27′20.6″ W; 16 Oct. 2016; N. Safar and T. Fernandes leg.; CELC, UFV- LABECOL-009314 • 1 worker; Timóteo, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce ; 19°46′ S, 42°37′ W; 2009; F.A. Schmidt leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001857 • 1 worker, 1 queen; Parque Estadual do Itacolomi ; 20°25′36.1″ S, 43°30′23.3″ W; 25–31 Oct. 2016; G. Soares, J. Falcon, L.F. Climaco and T. Pontes leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010729 • 1 worker; Parna do Cipó, Cachoeira da Farofa ; 19°22′45.9″ S, 43°34′32.8″ W; 11 May 2016; J. Chaul leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-011008 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-011009 • 1 worker; Conceição do Mato Dentro, Serra da Serpentina ; 19.03394° S, 43.33687° W; 1–7 Sep. 2010; R.R. Silva leg.; Winkler; CELC, UFV- LABECOL-010460 • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010462 • 1 worker; Ipaba, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Macedônia , CENIBRA; Nov. 2005; T. Marques leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001875 . – Pará • 1 worker; Paragominas ; Jan.–Jul. 2011; R. Solar leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001722 • 1 worker; Primavera ; 01°00′36″ S, 47°07′04″ W; 5–6 Nov. 2018; L.P. Prado and K.L.S. Sampaio; Winkler; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-010477 • 2 workers; Portel ; 01°50′31.3″ S, 50°37′44.4″ W; 5 Jun. 2016; E.L.S. Siqueira and team leg.; Winkler; CELC, UFV- LABECOL-010449 . – Paraná • 22 workers; Tunas do Paraná, Parque Estadual das Lauráceas , Trilha da Anta ; 24°51′27.53″ S, 48°43.2′58″ W; 2–4 May 2017; T.S.R. Silva, N. Ladino, R.M. Feitosa leg.; DZUP. – Rondônia • 1 queen; Rolim Moura ; 11°34′11.9″ S, 61°45′37.0″ W; 8 Oct. 2015; E.A. Silva leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-011006 . – Santa Catarina • 1 worker; Parque Estadual Serra Dourada ; 28°10′38″ S, 49°23′38,94″ W; 31 May 2014; A.S. Pereira leg.; A3W05 ; DZUP • 1 worker; Orleans, Parque Estadual da Serra Furada ; 28°10′38″ S, 49°23′38.94″ W; 31 May 2014; A.S. Pereira leg.; A3W05 ; DZUP • 1 worker; same collection data as for preceding; 24 Mar. 2014; A3W06 ; DZUP • 1 worker, 1 queen; Florianópolis, Lagoinha do Leste ; 27°46′31.0″ S, 48°29′06.0″ W; 18 Feb. 2016; J. Chaul leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-008223 . – São Paulo • 1 worker; Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar ; 23°21′ S, 44°51′ W; 2009; F.A. Schmidt leg.; CELC, UFV-LABECOL-001853 .

PERU – Madre de Dios • 1 worker; Puerto Maldonado, Reserva Nacional Tambopata ; 12°51′21″ S 69°21′43″ W; 210 m a.s.l.; 19–31 Jul. 2012; R. Feitosa leg.; CELC.

Lectotype measurements

ABD4L 0.321; DPW 0.078; EL 0.033; HL 0.418; HT 0.221; HW 0.321; ML 0.355; PH 0.106; PL 0.172; PPL 0.115; PW 0.226; SL 0.236; WL 0.441; TL 1.816; CI 77.9; DPI 45.3; LPI 61.6; MI 84.9; OI 10.3; SI 73.5.

Paralectotype measurements

ABD4L N/A; DPW 0.094; EL 0.035; HL 0.405; HT 0.218; HW 0.33; ML 0.308; PH 0.104; PL 0.185; PPL N/A; PW 0.228; SL 0.232; WL 0.462; TL N/A; CI 81.5; DPI 50.8; LPI 56.2; MI 76; OI 10.6; SI 70.3 (n = 1; NHMUK BMNH(E)1013551; see Comments for missing measurement values).

Non-type measurements

ABD4L 0.280 –0.370; DPW 0.080 –0.105; EL 0.040 –0.050; HL 0.400 –0.450; HT 0.220 –0.250; HW 0.320 –0.365; ML 0.280 –0.370; PH 0.100 –0.115; PL 0.170 –0.200; PPL 0.080 –0.090; PW 0.220 – 0.250; SL 0.230 –0.280; WL 0.420 –0.480; TL 1.660 –1.895; CI 76.2–81.8; DPI 47.1–55.6; LPI 54.1– 61.8; MI 70.0–88.1; OI 11.8–13.7; SI 70.8–84.4 (n = 10).

Description

SCULPTURE. Head entirely reticulate-punctate, including antennal scrobe. Mesosoma entirely reticulatepunctate, except for katepisternum and part of metapleura, which are smooth ( Fig. 4B ). Fourth abdominal tergite superficially reticulate-punctate near base. Length of basigastral costulae, in dorsal view, more or less equal to length of postpetiole.

SETAE. Cephalic ground-setae remiform ( Fig. 4A ). Two pairs of remiform erect setae on cephalic dorsum; one pair near medial region of head, other near occipital margin. Apicoscrobal setae flagellate ( Fig. 4A ). Anterior margin of scape with one or more remiform setae curved towards antennal insertion. Humeral setae flagellate ( Fig. 4B ). Erect setae on antero-medial region of pronotum absent. Pair of erect setae on mesonotum stiff, simple to slightly remiform. Setae on petiole, postpetiole and fourth abdominal tergite remiform to slightly clavate.

HEAD. Masticatory margin of mandible with 5–10 preapical denticles ( Fig. 4A ). Apex of mandible with two minute intercalary denticles ( Fig. 4A ). Anterior clypeal margin, in dorsal view, convex medially. Eye, in lateral view, with three to four ommatidia along longest row. Eye on anterior half of head. In dorsal view, scape cylindrical. Third flagellomere smaller than fourth flagellomere; length of former only one-third of length of latter.

MESOSOMA. Humerus with small angular projection. Dorsum of mesonotum, in lateral view, convex, confluent with dorsum of pronotum. Metanotal groove weakly impressed, almost absent in lateral view. Propodeal spine relatively long and triangular, linked to propodeal lobe by narrow carina that extends

throughout propodeal declivity. Femoral bulla small, ovate and located distally on dorsal margin of sclerite.

METASOMA. Petiolar node, in dorsal view, slightly wider than long, almost as long as wide; in lateral view, anterior margin almost as long as dorsal margin. Anterior margin of postpetiole, in dorsal view, concave. Lateral and ventral spongiform processes of petiole absent. Ventral spongiform lobe of postpetiole minute ( Fig. 4B ). Lateral spongiform lobe of postpetiole vestigial ( Fig. 4B ). Ventral basigastral spongiform pad absent.

Comments

Bolton (2000) considered S. denticulata as a member of the gundlachi complex (i.e., a cluster of species under the gundlachi species group), along with Strumigenys connectens Kempf, 1958 , S. decipula ( Bolton, 2000), S. eggersi Emery, 1890 , S. enopla ( Bolton, 2000), S. gemella Kempf, 1975, S. gundlachi (Roger, 1862), S. jamaicensis Brown, 1959, S. laevipleura Kempf, 1958, S. lalassa ( Bolton, 2000), S. nubila Lattke & Goitía, 1997, S. subedentata Mayr, 1887 , S. trieces Brown, 1960, S. vartana ( Bolton, 2000), and S. xenognatha Kempf, 1958. Members of the gundlachi complex are defined by the following traits ( Bolton 2000): (i) inner margin of mandible without a submedian tooth or denticle near midlength; (ii) inner margin of mandible with several teeth of different sizes posterior to the apicodorsal tooth; (iii) two (rarely three) intercalary teeth; (iv) labral lobes short; and (v) setae on apices of labral lobes long (i.e., longer than the labral lobes).

According to Bolton (2000), specimens belonging to S. denticulata have a wide range of mandibular length variation, with individuals collected in a single leaf litter sample presenting MIs ranging from 72 to 85. It is important to notice that the MI of the lectotype falls near the maximum value established by Bolton (i.e., MI 84.9). On the other hand, ML and HL measurements fall well within the range proposed by the same author as diagnosable for the species (i.e., ML 0.355 and HL 0.418).

According to Bolton (2000), some specimens identified as S. denticulata have the katepisternum entirely reticulate-punctate, while all specimens observed in this study (cf. examined material) have a smooth patch in the katepisternum, including the lectotype. All specimens observed had the fourth abdominal tergite mostly smooth, only with the base of the sclerite with reticulate-punctate sculpture.

One of the paralectotypes (BMNH(E)1013551) is missing the postpetiole and gaster, rendering it impossible to evaluate morphological variability of those body regions in this particular individual.

Figures

Fig. 3. Lectotype of Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887 (CC-BY, CASENT0915944, Anna Pal, from www.antweb.org). A. Head, mandibles and antennae, in dorsal view.B. Full body, in lateral view.C. Full body, in dorsal view.

Fig. 4. Generalized schematics of Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887, showing useful identification features. A. Head in dorsal view. B. Mesosoma, petiole, and postpetiole in lateral view.