Pterostichus (Circinatus) xilingensis Allegro & Sciaky, 2010

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2015, The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini), ZooKeys 536, pp. 1-92 : 41-42

Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae

Pterostichus (Circinatus) xilingensis Allegro & Sciaky, 2010 Figures 27, 48, 70, 86, 112

Pterostichus (Circinatus) xilingensis Allegro and Sciaky 2010: 13 (Original: Pterostichus ( Circinatus ); holotype deposited in CRS).

Type locality.

Xiling snow Mts. (= Xilingxueshan Mt.), 2100-3100 m. Xilingxueshan (~ N30.70°, E103.16°) is a mountain in Dayi County, Sichuan province.

Type material examined.

Holotype of Pterostichus xilingensis Allegro & Sciaky (CRS), male, body length = 10.5 mm, board mounted, genitalia dissected and glued on board pinned under specimen, "CHINA C Sichuan / Xiling Snow Mts. / 2100-3100 m / 1-3.viii.1996 / leg. S. Kasantsev"; "HOLOTYPUS ♂ / Pterostichus / (Circinatus)/ xilingensis sp. n. / Allegro & Sciaky det. 2010" [red label].

Non-type material examined

(total 11 specimens). 4 males, 1 female (IZAS), "Sichuan, Wolong, Wuyipeng, 2525-2710 m, 2004.VI.29-VII.29, YU Xiaodong lgt."; 2 males, "Sichuan, Wolong, Wuyipeng, Erdaoping, 3045-3055 m, 2004.VI.15-30, YU Xiaodong lgt."; 1 male, 1 female (IZAS), "Sichuan, Wolong, Wuyipeng, Erdaoping, 2965-3045 m, 2004.VII.30-VIII.15, YU Xiaodong lgt."; 1 male (IZAS), "Sichuan, Wolong, Wuyipeng, Erdaoping, 2945 m, 2004.V.30-VI.2, YU Xiaodong lgt."; 1 male (IZAS), "Sichuan, Baoxing, Guobayan, 2880 m, pitfall trap, 2001.VII.1-4, YU Xiaodong, ZHOU Hongzhang lgt.".

Diagnosis.

Pronotum with single mid-lateral seta; posterior seta distant from hind angle, hind angle completely rounded; outer basal foveal groove distinct, approx half length of inner one, forming a short ridge between it and lateral margin; basal fovea area almost impunctate; elytron with sharp humeral tooth; elytral microsculpture faint, linear; fifth tarsomeres glabrous beneath; terminal sternum of male not modified. This species is very similar to Pterostichus pohnerti . Their comparison has been provided under Pterostichus pohnerti .

Supplemental description.

Male sternum. Penultimate and terminal sterna without special structures. Endophallus (Fig. 48D, E, F) short, extending in dorsal-right direction of aedeagus, major portion of endophallus located on dorsal side of aedeagus; gonopore (gp, gonopore lobe folded in Fig. 48) located at level near apical lamella apex, pointing to right, with very fine scales around gp. Two distinct parts recognized: basal lobe absent; dorsal lobe (dl) large and coniform, pointing to dorsal face of aedeagus, apex strongly chitinized, with scales; ventral lobe (vl) with a strongly chitinized piece, narrow and long, pointing to ventral face of aedeagus, apical half with a membranous region on inner surface, apex with fine scales. Female genitalia. Spermatheca with seminal canal approx four times as long as receptaculum; receptaculum capitate (Fig. 70), club approx one third length of receptaculum; seminal canal inserted at base of common oviduct, base of seminal canal with distinct sclerotized region. Stylomere II with two ensiform setae at basal half of outer margin, and a small one near middle of inner margin; two short nematiform setae located in a furrow near apex. Female sternum VIII (Fig. 86B) with fine and dense setae on posterior margin; posterior margin slightly curved, narrowly notched in middle; posterior region well chitinized; anterior region semi-chitinized, deeply notched in middle; middle transparent region small, approx quadrate, with short extensions, middle transparent region adjacent to anterior and posterior notches in middle. Female tergum VIII (Fig. 86A) short, most of region semi-chitinized, with sparse and irregular spots; only lateral-anterior region with two chitinized patches; anterior margin not notched in middle, posterior margin evenly arcuate.

Distribution.

Sichuan (Xilingxueshan Mt., Wolong and Baoxing). In Xilingxueshan and Wolong, Pterostichus xilingensis is sympatric with Pterostichus beneshi . In Wolong, it seems less common than Pterostichus beneshi . Pterostichus xilingensis seems to be strictly allopatric with Pterostichus pohnerti , although their localities in Baoxing County are only approx 30km apart in linear distance. These two species could be isolated by different altitude in Baoxing (Maps 2, 3).

Affinities.

The affinity between Pterostichus xilingensis and Pterostichus pohnerti was discussed under Pterostichus pohnerti . The systematic position of Pterostichus xilingensis could be between Pterostichus pohnerti and ( Pterostichus zoiai + Pterostichus beneshi ).

Geographical variation.

Pterostichus xilingensis is recorded from three very close localities. No significant difference was found between specimens from each locality, but only the endophallus of specimens from Wolong were examined.