Neoxorides Clément, 1938

Johansson, Niklas & Klopfstein, Seraina, 2020, Revision of the Swedish species of Neoxorides Clément, 1938 (Ichneumonidae: Poemeniinae) with the description of a new species and an illustrated key to species, European Journal of Taxonomy 680, pp. 1-29 : 6-8

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2020.680

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A8502F37-B3B5-49FC-9CBE-BA993BD426AA

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4329268

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E26F87CB-FFAA-FFAF-FDA6-FD98CE01FAC4

treatment provided by

Valdenar

scientific name

Neoxorides Clément, 1938
status

 

Genus Neoxorides Clément, 1938 View in CoL View at ENA

Neoxorides Clément, 1938: 517–519 View in CoL . Type species: Neoxorides nitens ( Gravenhorst, 1829) View in CoL .

Molecular Analyses

The barcoding analysis showed small intraspecific and rather large interspecific distances ( Table 1 View Table 1 ), thus confirming all species hypotheses of the taxa treated in this work (with the exception of N. varipes , for which we could not obtain a barcode). The largest intraspecific distance was found in N. collaris (0.8% p-distance), while the minimum interspecific distance was 4.6% (between N. striatus sp. nov. and N. montanus ), leaving a barcoding gap of 3.6% (but this might decrease when more populations of each species are sampled).

The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis ( Fig. 3 View Fig ) recovered all the species as monophyletic, although N. collaris was not strongly supported (likely because of one specimen only having half of the barcoding sequence). Neoxorides collaris shows a rather isolated position with respect to the morphologically similar N. striatus sp. nov. and N. montanus , which are recovered as sister groups.

Key to the Western Palaearctic species of Neoxorides View in CoL

The key to species is quite straightforward, but when separating N. collaris View in CoL , N. montanus View in CoL and N. striatus sp. nov., one should be aware that some of the characters partly overlap (see also Table 2 View Table 2 ). The determination should, therefore, be supported by a combination of characters. Generally, the yellow marking on the head and coxae are less distinct in small specimens; nevertheless, the colouration can be useful in species diagnostics. Previously used characters as the shape of the male genitalia and the shape of the flagellomeres ( Oehlke 1966) have been found to be too variable to be of any significant use and are excluded from the key. The measurements of the metasomal segments represent typical specimens, and the overlap makes it necessary to use this character in combination with the other characters given in the key. While the white spots along the inner orbits above the antennal scobes are surprisingly consistent in shape, the white line below the scrobes is very variable within species and can be distinct, diffuse or missing.

The subfamily Poemeniinae can be keyed out using Broad et al. (2018). The genus Neoxorides View in CoL is then separated from other genera of the subfamily by the scale-like structure of the temples in combination with the entirely black scutellum and the indistinct punctures on the tergites.

1. Scutellum and postscutellum with yellow apices; second and third tergite with distinct punctures .. ........................................................................................ Podoschistus scutellaris (Desvignes, 1856) View in CoL

– Scutellum and postscutellum black; second and third tergite with indistinct punctures .................. 2

2. Anterior part of pronotum centrally raised as a collar ( Fig. 5C View Fig ); mesopleuron and mesosternum polished with scattered punctures ( Fig. 4C View Fig ); male with face black centrally. Primarily connected to hosts on oak ......................................................................... Neoxorides nitens ( Gravenhorst, 1829) View in CoL

– Anterior part of pronotum unmodified; mesopleuron and mesosternum with distinct microsculpture ( Fig. 4 View Fig A–B); male with face white ................................................................................................... 3

3. Propodeum dorsally with rugose sculpture ( Fig. 6B View Fig ); mandibular teeth wide with almost parallel sides ( Fig. 7C View Fig ); pronotum laterally without white line. Possibly connected to hosts on aspen ........................................................................... Neoxorides opacus ( Kokujev, 1903) View in CoL stat. rev.

– Propodeum dorsally shagreened or with faint striate microsculpture ( Fig. 6A View Fig ); mandibular teeth (when unworn) apically narrowed ( Fig. 7D View Fig ); pronotum usually with white line laterally (sometimes absent in very small specimens). Primarily connected to hosts on conifers ..................................... 4

4. Hind coxae brown or black; sides of pronotum with weak, reticulate microsculpture ( Fig. 5B View Fig ); white spots along inner orbits above antennal sockets very short ( Fig. 5A View Fig ) ................................................ ................................................................................................ Neoxorides varipes ( Holmgren, 1860) View in CoL

– Hind coxae orange; sides of pronotum in lower part polished, without microsculpture ( Fig. 5D, G View Fig ); white spots along inner orbits above antennal sockets longer ( Fig. 7B View Fig ) .......................................... 5

5. Frons weakly transversely striate over most of its surface ( Fig. 1B View Fig ); sides of pronotum in female and male centrally with distinct striae that extend slightly backwards to upper part (as in Fig. 5G View Fig ); metapleural furrow with distinct transverse carinae ( Fig. 1C View Fig ); pale marks along inner orbits above antennal scrobes in female short, about 2.0–2.5 times as long as wide ( Fig. 9B View Fig ); first tergite in female about 2.0–2.3 times as long as wide ( Fig. 9E View Fig ); mid coxae in female orange; white stripe on pronotum in male and female slender, at most one third as wide as width of fore femur (as in Figs 1A View Fig , 5D View Fig ); face in male narrow ( Fig. 9H View Fig ) ...................................................... Neoxorides striatus Johansson sp. nov.

– Frons evenly shagreened without obvious striae ( Fig. 7B View Fig ); metaplural furrow with transverse carinae less distinct ( Figs 4B View Fig , 6E View Fig ); if sides of pronotum have striae centrally that extend backwards to the upper part ( Fig. 5G View Fig ), then mid coxae have extensive yellowish markings and white line of pronotum is as wide as the width of the fore femur ( Fig. 5G View Fig ); face in male usually wider ( Fig. 9G View Fig ) .............. 6

6. Sides of pronotum in female and often in male centrally with transverse striae that extend backwards to upper part ( Fig. 5G View Fig ); white stripe on pronotum in male and female wider, about as wide as the width of fore femur ( Fig. 5G View Fig ); mid coxae in female with extensive yellow or whitish marks on outer side (absent in small females); pale marks along inner orbits above antennal scrobes in female usually stouter, about 2.0 times as long as wide, slightly widened in upper part, rounded ( Fig. 9C View Fig ); first tergite in female usually about 2.4–2.5 times as long as wide ( Fig. 9F View Fig ), sometimes shorter, in male usually about 3.5 times as long as wide; ovipositor about as long as metasoma, slender and weak, usually curved downwards, sinuate or partly curled up in dried up specimens, rarely evenly upcurved ................................................................................ Neoxorides montanus ( Oehlke, 1966)

– Sides of pronotum centrally usually without microsculpture ( Fig. 5D View Fig ), if weak striae are present, they do not extend upwards / backwards; white stripe on pronotum in male and female usually slender (wider in large males), at most 0.5 times as wide as width of the fore femur ( Fig. 5D View Fig ); mid coxae orange in female, rarely with small whitish mark apically in large specimens; pale marks along inner orbit above antennal scrobes in female narrower, about 3.0 times as long as wide, parallel or converging in upper part ( Fig. 9A View Fig ); first tergite in female usually about 1.7–1.9 times as long as wide ( Fig. 9D View Fig ), in male usually about 2.0–2.5 times as long as wide; ovipositor about as long as metasoma minus the first tergite, stouter, curved upwards ................. Neoxorides collaris ( Gravenhorst, 1829)

Table 1. Uncorrected pairwise distances of species of Neoxorides Clément, 1938.

Species Max. intraspecific Min. interspecific Closest species
N. striatus sp. nov. 0.00% 4.63% N. montanus
N. caryae 8.28% N. collaris
N. collaris 0.8% 7.01% N. opacus
N. montanus 4.63% N. striatus
N. nitens 0.46% 7.34% N. collaris
N. opacus 7.01% N. collaris

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

SuperFamily

Ichneumonoidea

Family

Ichneumonidae

SubFamily

Poemeniinae

Loc

Neoxorides Clément, 1938

Johansson, Niklas & Klopfstein, Seraina 2020
2020
Loc

Neoxorides Clément, 1938: 517–519

Clement E. 1938: 519
1938
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