Salcedia faillei, Balkenohl, 2020

Balkenohl, Michael, 2020, A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini), ZooKeys 901, pp. 1-81 : 1

Salcedia faillei sp. nov. Figs 10 , 28 , 54 , 84

Type material.

Holotype: ♂, with labels and data: white, black printed "S MADAGASCAR Isalo N.P., 11-12.1. Ranohira env., 2010 F.Pavel leg., 825 m / 22°33'07,5"S, 045°24'49,5"E (SMNS).

Diagnosis.

A small sized species, with elongate oval outline of the elytra with maximum width slightly behind middle and the pronotum with three additional carinae. The pseudohumerus is nearly rectangular and not dentate. The antennomeres are elongate. Distinguished most clearly from the similar species S. perrieri by the keel on the frons of the head, the eight to nine tubercles at the lateral margin of the pronotum, and the pseudohumerus of the elytron which is also right angled but without projecting tooth. The male genitalia has a different median lobe and the ventral paramere is setose at apex.

Description.

Measurements in Table 1 .

Colour and surface: Piceous to fuscous; top of carinae on head, pronotum and elytra as well as intervals shiny; legs, mandibles, scapus, and pedicellus piceous, antennomeres three to eleven and palpi leoninous.

Head: Three-quarters of pronotum width. Outline campanulate. Clypeus wide, straight anteriorly, not separated from convex clypeal wings, clypeal wings separated from supra-antennal plates by distinct notches, with raised pentagon-shaped field at middle, separated from frons by flat transverse furrow. Frons with two raised paramedian carinae, joining anteriorly, prolonged anteriorly into central keel, with two small teeth bilaterally anterior to central keel, with two carinae paralaterally near base converging anteriorly; frons and clypeus separated from supra-antennal and supraorbital plates by deep broad furrows, each furrow with deep circular pit between supra-antennal plate and clypeus and another pit bilaterally to clypeus; supra-antennal and supraorbital plates distinctly carinate, indistinctly crenulated, supra-antennal plates vaulted. Base emarginated at middle, obtuse angled laterally (angle 128°). Eyes convex, genae slightly convex, both of them partly visible from above, with transverse-oval shape in lateral view. Antenna with segments five to ten elongate (L/W 1.22), densely pubescent, segments two to four scarcely pubescent, scapus with longitudinal reticulation. Labrum straight. Mandible moderately short, wide, slightly arcuate at apex. Mentum moderately sized, with isodiametric reticulation, epilobes wide, projecting and acute angled anteriorly, amargined, surface covered with flat pits.

Pronotum (Fig. 28 ). Outline rectangular, transverse, a third wider than long. Lateral margin convex, maximum width slightly behind middle, converging anteriorly and posteriorly. Lateral margin distinctly crenulated, with eight to nine tubercles, with distinct emargination at posterior angles. Base posteriorly slightly wing-like produced, with slight notch between wing and central part of base, straight posteriorly. Declining flat keel at middle of base broad, pointing posteriorly. Disc slightly convex (lateral view), with two raised paramedian carinae parallel to median line and slightly diverging posteriorly, median line invisible, with four additional shorter carinae bilaterally, the paralateral one joining with the paramedian carinae at base and forming tooth-like tubercle pointing posteriorly, extended anteriorly as less raised paralateral carina. With two much shorter and less raised inner and outer lateral carinae, all outer carinae connected to each other, smooth. Lateral margin and space between lateral margin and paralateral carina wing-like bent up, with six large transverse pits, transverse pits consisting of two large circular and connected pits.

Elytron: Flattened in anterior half (lateral view), flattened at middle in frontal view and moderately convex laterally. Elongate, margin moderately convex, maximum width at middle. Pseudohumerus slightly obtuse angular (angle 104°), distinctly angulate. Apex rounded, acutely denticulate at suture. Disc with interneur six indistinctly crenulated, interneur three convex in basal third, interneur two running up to apex as slightly convex line, distinctly raised; interneur four running in parallel to interneur six, distinctly not reaching base, shortened at apex. Interneur five and six with three rows of transversally connected pits, connection of the latter ones is of such intense that the interval line is hardly recognisable.

Hind wings: Fully developed.

Lower surface: Antennal channel of pronotum with isodiametric reticulation. Pseudoepipleura with one row of serial pits, lateral margin of elytron smooth. Metasternum and last five abdominal sternites with numerous irregularly situated larger and smaller pits, regularly arranged at carinae and margins.

Legs: Profemora with irregular reticulation on dorsal surface. Protibia laterally with two larger and two fine teeth, dorsally with one and ventrally with two carinae. Metafemora with irregular reticulation at dorsal surface.

External sexual dimorphism: Not observed.

Male genitalia (Fig. 54 ). Less sclerotised as other species. Median lobe short, broad in basal half, slender in apical third, in lateral view indistinctly bisinuate, in dorsal view slightly cracked in at apical third, straight to apex, with some fine pili at middle and at beginning of apical third, apex oval in cross section, slightly bent dorsally. Endophallus with longitudinal group of robust spines, group as long as one fifth of median lobe, with second short group adverse. Dorsal paramere slender, sinuate, apophyses elongated; ventral one moderately long, with minute seta at apex; both parameres slightly distorted.

Female genitalia: Unknown.

Variation: Slight intra-individual variation between the two lateral margins of the pronotum was observed in the number of tubercles.

Etymology.

The species is dedicated to Dr. Arnaud Faille (SMNS) who particularly supported this contribution and who made me aware of this species.

Distribution

(Fig. 84 ). Known from the type locality in the south of Madagascar.

Figures

Figure 84. Map of tropical Africa providing an overview of the occurrence of all African Salcedia species described to date (recorded localities plotted). 1 (black S. perrieri Fairmaire; 2 (white) S. unifoveata sp. nov.; 3 (black circle) S. faillei sp. nov.; 4 (red) S. coquilhati Alluaud; 5 (yellow) S. elongata Alluaud; 6 (blue) S. africana (Britton); 7 (orange) S. utetea sp. nov.; 8 (grey) S. procera sp. nov.; 9 (light green) S. robusta sp. nov.; 10 (turquoise) S. schoutedeni Alluaud; 11 (purple) S. lukulua sp. nov.; 12 (dark green) S. tuberculata sp. nov.; 13 (brown) S. baroensis sp. nov.; 14 (light blue) S. nigeriensis Alluaud; 16 (dark blue) S. putzeysi (Oberthuer); 17 (black) S. matsumotoi sp. nov.;? in a circle (twice): collection locality of a single female Salcedia specimen of uncertain species. Basic schematic map of Africa taken from SimpleMappr. net.

Figures 8 - 13. Salcedia species, habitus, dorsal view, holotype 8 S. perrieri Fairmaire 9 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 10 S. faillei sp. nov. 11 S. coquilhati Alluaud 12 S. elongata Alluaud 13 S. africana (Britton).

Figures 26 - 35. Salcedia species, pronotum, dorsal view 26 S. perrieri Fairmaire 27 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 28 S. faillei sp. nov. 29 S. coquilhati Alluaud 30 S. elongata Alluaud 31 S. africana (Britton) 32 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 33 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 34 S. putzeysi (Oberthuer) 35 S. matsumotoi sp. nov.

Figures 52 - 57. Salcedia species, male genitalia, dorsal view of aedeagus (a) and parameres (b, c), lateral view (d). Small sketches in black symbolising the apex in cross section 52 S. perrieri Fairmaire 53 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 54 S. faillei sp. nov. 55 S. coquilhati Alluaud 56 S. elongata Alluaud 57 S. africana (Britton).