Tetragonopterus, Cuvier, 1816

Toledo-Piza, Mônica, Baena, Eduardo G., Dagosta, Fernando C. P., Menezes, Naércio A., Ândrade, Marcelo, Benini, Ricardo C., Bertaco, Vinicius A., Birindelli, José Luís O., Boden, Gert, Buckup, Paulo A., Camelier, Priscila, Carvalho, Fernando R., Castro, Ricardo M. C., Chuctaya, Junior, Decru, Eva, Derijst, Eddy, Dillman, Casey B., Ferreira, Katiane M., Merxem, Dimitri G., Giovannetti, Victor, Hirschmann, Alice, Jégu, Michel, Jerep, Fernando C., Langeani, Francisco, Lima, Flávio C. T., Lucena, Carlos A. S., Lucena, Zilda Margarete S., Malabarba, Luiz R., Malabarba, Maria Cláudia S. L., Marinho, Manoela M. F., Mathubara, Kleber, Mattox, George M. T., Melo, Bruno F., Moelants, Tuur, Moreira, Cristiano R., Musschoot, Tobias, Netto-Ferreira, André L., Ota, Rafaela P., T. Oyakawa, Osvaldo, Pavanelli, Carla S., Reis, Roberto E., Santos, Osmar, Serra, Jane Piton, Silva, Gabriel S. C., Silva-Oliveira, Cárlison, Souza-Lima, Rosana, Vari, Richard P. & Zanata, Angela M., 2024, Checklist of the species of the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi), Neotropical Ichthyology (e 230086) 22 (1), pp. 1-548 : 279-281

TETRAGONOPTERUS Cuvier, 1816

BF Melo, GSC Silva, RC Benine

Tetragonopterus Cuvier, 1816:166 . Type species: Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier, 1816 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.

Tetragonopterus anostomus Silva, Benine, 2011

Tetragonopterus anostomus Silva, Benine, 2011:50 , figs. 1–2a. Type locality: Brazil: Goiás state, Nova Crixás, rio Preto, rio Araguaia basin, 14°22’18”S, 050°39’13”W. Holotype: MZUSP 108957 .

Tetragonopterus akamai Araújo, Lucinda, 2014:310 , figs 1–2. Type locality: Brazil, Tocantins, Peixe, rio Tocantins close to confluence with rio Santa Tereza , 11°47’27”S, 48°37’2”W. Holotype: MCP 48033 . Synonymy proposed by Silva et al. (2016).

Distribution: 324 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic relationships in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus araguaiensis Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2013

Tetragonopterus araguaiensis Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2013:1615 , figs. 2a, 3b, 5. Type locality: Brazil, Goiás, Aruanã, Rio Araguaia, Amazon basin, 14°54’27”S, 51°04’52”W. Holotype: MZUSP 4820 .

Distribution: 324 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic relationships in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier, 1816

Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier, 1816:166 . Type locality: Not given. MHNH 9807. [Specimen treated as holotype in Silva et al. (2016, fig3A)].

Tetragonopterus sawa Castelnau, 1855:65 , Pl. 33 (fig. 1). Type locality: rio Crixas qui se jette dans L’Araguay [ Brazil]. Holotype: MNHN A-9819.

Tetragonopterus huberi Steindachner, 1909:172 . Type locality: Rio Purus. [Amazon Basin, Brazil]. Syntypes: NMW 57532 (1).

Distribution: 306, 307, 310, 314*, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319*, 321, 322, 324, 325, 326, 343, 345 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic relationships in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus carvalhoi Melo, Benine, Mariguela, Oliveira, 2011

Tetragonopterus carvalhoi Melo, Benine, Mariguela, Oliveira, 2011:50 , figs. 1, 2a. Type locality: Brazil, Amapá, Laranjal do Jari, Igarapé Iratapuru, rio Jari , Amazon basin, 00°33’30”S, 52°34’45”W. Holotype: MZUSP 102268 .

Distribution: 315 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic relationships in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix, Agassiz, 1829

Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix, Agassiz, 1829:70 , Pl. 33 (fig. 1). Type locality: Habitat in Brasiliae aequinoctialis fluxiis. [Type locality specified by Koerber, 2021:93 as mouth of the Uruará canal to the Amazon River at the Vira Sebo community, village of Canaã, city of Prainha, Pará state, Brazil. DMS 01°53’33”S, 53°29’17”W; DDD -1.892554, -53.487991]. Syntypes: MHNN 785 (1).

Tetragonopterus gibbosus Steindachner, 1877:562 [4], Pl. 1 (fig. 1). Type locality: Rio Parahyba. [Rio Parnaíba, Brazil (Silva et al., 2016)]. Syntypes: (several) NMW 57518–19 (2, 1).

Distribution: 307, 308, 310, 311, 314, 315, 316, 319*, 320, 321, 322, 323*, 324 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Author of species name is Agassiz according to Kottelat (1988), author as Spix, Agassiz in Reis, 2003. Phylogenetic relationships in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus daguae (Eigenmann, 1913)

Astyanax daguae Eigenmann, 1913:23 . Type locality: Cordova. [Colombia]. Holotype: FMNH 56251.

Distribution: 302 (Eigenmann, 1913).

Remarks: Placed in Tetragonopterus by Terán et al. (2020:5).

Tetragonopterus denticulatus Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2013

Tetragonopterus denticulatus Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2013:1616 , figs. 1, 2b, 3e. Type locality: Brazil, Goiás, Aragarças, Rio Araguaia, Amazon basin, 15°53’31,5”S, 52°15’02,0”W. Holotype: MZUSP 111002 .

Distribution: 324 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic relationships in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus franciscoensis Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016

Tetragonopterus franciscoensis Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016:32 , fig. 12. Type locality: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Três Marias, Rio São Francisco , 18°30’S, 45°17’W. Holotype: MZUSP 120566 .

Distribution: 327, 328 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic placement in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus georgiae (Géry, 1965)

Moenkhausia georgiae Géry, 1965d:104 , Pl. 1 (fig. 3). Type locality: Between “Saut- Chien” and “Saut-Topi-Topi”, Middle Mana River, French Guiana. Holotype: ZMA 104223 .

Distribution: 308, 310, 311, 315 (Silva et al., 2016; Planquette et al., 1996).

Remarks: Examination of the paratypes of Moenkhausia georgiae (MHNG) revealed the presence of strong downward curvature at the anterior portion of the lateral line and a flat prepelvic area. These conditions are typical of species of Tetragonopterus . In addition, Melo et al. (2011) documented the presence of three supraneural bones in M. georgiae , a feature also shared with some species of Tetragonopterus . Identification key in Géry (1977). See Planquette et al. (1966) for notes on taxonomy, ecology, and distribution. Phylogenetic placement in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus juruena Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016

Tetragonopterus juruena Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016:40 , fig. 15. Type locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Sapezal, Rio Juruena, upper Rio Tapajós , 12°50’59”S, 58°55’36”W. Holotype: LIRP 14033 .

Distribution: 320 (Silva et al., 2016).

Tetragonopterus kuluene Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016

Tetragonopterus kuluene Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016:35 , fig. 13. Type locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Paranatinga, Rio Culuene, Rio Xingu basin, 13°49’00”S, 53°15’00”W. Holotype: MZUSP 120567 .

Distribution: 322 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic placement in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus manaos Urbanski, Melo, Silva, Benine, 2018

Tetragonopterus manaos Urbanski, Melo, Silva, Benine, 2018 :[2], figs. 1–3. Type locality: Brazil, Amazonas , Manaus , Anavilhanas National Park , Igapó of rio Negro, 02°42’S, 60°45’W. Holotype: MZUSP 117250 .

Distribution: 314, 316 ( Urbanski et al., 2018).

Tetragonopterus ommatus Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016

Tetragonopterus ommatus Silva, Melo, Oliveira, Benine, 2016:38 , fig. 14. Type locality: Brazil, Pará , Itaituba, Rio Tapajós, 4°21’34”S, 56°10’03”W. Holotype: MZUSP 92667 .

Distribution: 320 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Phylogenetic placement in Melo et al. (2016).

Tetragonopterus rarus ( Zarske, Géry, Isbrücker, 2004)

Moenkhausia rara Zarske, Géry, Isbrücker, 2004:21 , figs. 1–2, 6. Type locality: Surinam, Marowijne, rapid in Oelemari (Ulemari) River, one day upstream of Oelemari (Ulemari), air strip. Holotype: IRSNB 830 .

Tetragonopterus lemniscatus Benine, Pelição, Vari, 2004:340 , figs. 1, 2. Type locality: Suriname, Nickerie District, tributary to Sisa Creek, north side of stream approximately 700 m downstream of crossing of road Amotopo to Camp Geologie , approximately 3°42’N, 57°42’W. Holotype: USNM 225366 .

Distribution: 311, 315 (Silva et al., 2016).

Remarks: Priority of Moenkhausia rara over Tetragonopterus lemniscatus given by date of publication (08 Nov 2004 vs. 07 Dec 2004, respectively, see Zarske, Géry 2006c:8). Phylogenetic relationships discussed by Melo et al. (2016).