Druon receptum Kinsey, 1937

Cuesta-Porta, Victor, Melika, George, Nicholls, James A., Stone, Graham N. & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2022, Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Druon Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with description of five new species, Zootaxa 5132 (1), pp. 1-92 : 62-66

Druon receptum Kinsey, 1937 , comb. rev.

Figs. 190–209

Druon receptum Kinsey, 1937: 62 , female, gall.

Andricus receptum (Kinsey) : Weld (1952a).

Type examined. Female holotype “Mex (City) D. F. 9200’ 20S, Mex. Gall 1.2.32., 21 fms. 5.3.32.”, “ Q. rhodophlebia, Kinsey coll.”, red “ Druon receptum , Holo- Paratype”. Deposited in AMNH, NYC, examined by GM .

Additional material examined. Ten paratype female with the same labels as the holotype, deposited in AMNH, NYC, examined by GM. Five females “ USA, AZ, Cypress picnic area, Santa Catalina Mtns, gall type 82, ex Q. rugosa ; spAZl5, AZ669; coll. 2007.x.28., leg. J.A. Nicholls ”; 19 females (4 females at PHDNRL and 15 females at UB) “ Mexico, Zac., Nochstlán de Mejía, Las Ánimas 21º19’40”N 102º56’42.5”W; Code 016; ex Quercus potosina ; coll. 2010.xii.04, emergence 2011.ii.05; leg. A. Equihua & E. Estrada-Venegas ”; 4 females ( UB) “ Mexico, Zac., Juan Aldama, Charco de la rana , 24°14’23.6”N 103°25’08.4”W; Code 102; ex Q. rugosa ; coll. 2011.xii.19, emergence 2012.i.1–30; leg. O.Cabral, R.Treto, L.G.Landa & C.Carrillo ”; 33 females ( UB) “ Mexico, Gto., San Miguel de Allende, El Charco del Ingenio Jardín Botánico y Área Natural Protegida, 20°55’04.2”N 100°43’38.8”W; Code 104; ex Q. laeta ; coll. 2011.xi.25, emergence 2012.viii.07; leg. A. Equihua & E. Estrada-Venegas ”; 5 females ( UB) “ Mexico, Zac., El Venado, Laguna , 23°28’35.4”N 102°10’26.4”W; Code 111; ex Q. potosina ; coll. 2011.xii.19, emergence 2011.xii.20–30; leg. O.Cabral, R.Treto, L.G.Landa & C.Carrillo ”; 11 females “ Mexico, Mexico, Méx., San Francisco Coacalco, Parque Estatal Sierra de Guadalupe ; Code 173; ex Q. crassipes ; coll. 2013.v.26; leg. M. Serrano & A. Villegas ”; 6 females “ Mexico, Méx., San Joaquín Coapango, Lindero Tlaxcala-Edo . Mexico; Code 194; ex Q. glaucoides ; coll. 2013.xii.05; leg. M. Serrano & A. Villegas ”; 7 females “ Mexico, Méx., San Juan Coajomulco; Code 200; ex Q. obtusata ; coll. 2013.xi.22, emergence 2014.vi.10; leg. Delia ”; 10 females “ Mexico, Méx., Tláloc; Code 306; ex Quercus sp. ; coll. 2015.ix.08; leg. A. Equihua & E. Estrada-Venegas ”; 1 female “ Mexico, Querétaro, Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Parque Recreativo “Joya-La Barreta” ; Code 386; ex Q. laeta ; coll. 2011.xi.25, emergence 2012.ii.07; leg. A. Equihua & E. Estrada-Venegas ”; 6 females “ Mexico, Méx., San Pablo; Code 402; ex Q. rugosa ; coll. 2015.i.13, emergence 2015.i.19; leg. A. Equihua & E. Estrada-Venegas ”; 18 females “ Mexico, Méx., San Francisco Coacalco, Parque Estatal Sierra de Guadalupe , 19º36’15”N 99º06’40”W; Code 502; ex Q. rugosa ; coll. 2019.ii.03, emergence 2019.vi.16; leg. Chagoyán-García ”; 1 female “ Mexico, Méx., Coacalco de Berriozábal, Parque Estatal Sierra de Guadalupe ; Code 603A; ex Q. rugosa ; coll. 2012.x.06, emergence 2012.x–xi; leg. M. Serrano-Muñoz ”; 19 females “ Mexico, Méx., Coacalco de Berriozábal, Parque Estatal Sierra de Guadalupe ; Code 603B; ex Q. rugosa ; coll. 2013.ii.06, emergence 2013.iii–iv; leg. M. Serrano-Muñoz ” .

Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Druon group with the head rounded and rusty brown frontally ( Fig. 190 ), LOL equal or slightly longer than diameter of ocellus ( Fig. 191 ), mesosoma light brown with notaulus complete or extending at least 4/5 length of mesoscutum, mesoscutal foveae present separated by a triangular central area ( Fig. 195 ) and metasoma smooth or with indistinct sparse micropunctures. The most similar species is D. rusticum , but it differs in the mesoscutum, which has black areas and lacks a central narrow longitudinally impressed stripe in D. receptum ( Fig. 195 ) (uniformly reddish-brown, with a longitudinally-impressed stripe extending to half the mesoscutum length in D. rusticum ( Fig. 217 ); in the speculum, which is weakly carinated in D. receptum ( Fig. 204 ) (smooth in D. rusticum ( Fig. 216 ); and in the prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium being 3.5× as long as broad in ventral view in D. receptum (4.5× as long as broad in D. rusticum ).

Redescription. Asexual female ( Figs. 190–208 ). Head and antennae pale brown, mouthparts and legs pale brown. Two mesosomal colour variations are present, one pale and other dark brown or even black, with pale brown tegula and pronotum laterally in dorsoposterior part only; metasoma dark brown.

Head alutaceous, rounded, 1.2× as broad as high and slightly broader than mesosoma in frontal view, with sparse setae, denser on lower face; 2.2× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space with striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; eye 2.9× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 2.4× as long as OOL, OOL slightly longer than diameter of lateral ocellus and equal to LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance equal to height of eye; toruli located above mid height of head, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.3× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.2× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face reticulate, without striae; slightly elevated median area reticulate, glabrous, with a few setae. Clypeus rounded, as long as broad, smooth, glabrous, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons uniformly alutaceous, without striae or setae, interocellar area alutaceous. Vertex, occiput and postocciput alutaceous, glabrous, with a few setae, postgena smooth, glabrous; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen longer than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge slightly broader anteriorly than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 11 or 12 flagellomeres (suture between F11 and F12 absent or incomplete sometimes), pedicel longer than broad; flagellomeres sequentially broadening towards apical end of antenna; F1 1.7× as long as pedicel and 1.4× as long as F2; F2 1.1× as long as F3; F3=F4=F5=F6, F7 to F10 (F11) equal in length; F11 (F12) slightly longer than F10 (F11); placodeal sensilla on F5–F11(F12), absent on F1–F4.

Mesosoma longer than high, with a few white setae, setae denser along propleuron and on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum glabrous, with delicate parallel striae and sparse setae laterally; propleuron smooth, glabrous, with delicate transverse parallel striae ventrally. Mesoscutum uniformly and entirely reticulate, with a few white setae along notauli, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus deep, well impressed along at least 4/5 of mesoscutum length, indistinct in the most anterior part, strongly converging posteriorly; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line absent; parapsidal line marked with broad impressed area; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum slightly elongated, longer than broad; disk of mesoscutellum coriaceous anteromedially, dull rugose laterally and posteriorly, overhanging metanotum, with sparse long setae; circumscutellar carina complete. Mesoscutellar foveae transverse, only slightly broader than high, smooth, glabrous, divided by rugose elevated triangular central area. Mesopleuron with longitudinal parallel delicate striae, speculum with even more delicate striation; mesopleural triangle smooth, glabrous, with few indistinct striae and long white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, glabrous; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with parallel sides, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in upper third of its height; upper part of sulcus indistinct, delimiting very narrow smooth, glabrous area; lower delimited part smooth, with dense long white setae. Metascutellum delicately coriaceous, higher than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous; central propodeal area smooth, glabrous, with parallel rugae in posterior half; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, lyre-shaped, bent outwards at half height; lateral propodeal area smooth, glabrous, with long white setae, with rounded bump at the base of each seta. Nucha with numerous sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe.

Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct dense cilia on margin, veins light brown, radial cell open, 4.6× as long as broad; Rs nearly reaching wing margin, R1 indistinct, extending to 1/2 of vein projection to wing margin; areolet triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M inconspicuous, its projection reaching basalis at half of its height.

Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; second metasomal tergum extending to half-length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga without micropunctures. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 4.0× as long as broad in ventral view. Body length 1.4–2.5 mm (n = 10).

Gall ( Fig. 209 ). Greyish yellow-brown wool covering a cluster of 4 to 8 larval cells (Kinsey 1937). Pubescence darkens with age; the individual hairs are very long, considerably tangled, completely hiding the larval cells. The individual clusters are rounded to oval, dense but fluffy, averaging nearly 20 mm in diameter and 12 mm in height. Several individual clusters can be fused into large, elongate masses up to 35 mm long. Mature larval cells are over 3.5 mm long on average, rather robustly elongate (Kinsey 1937).

Biology. Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on Q. rugosa (= Q. rhodophlebia ) and Q. potosina (both Section Quercus , Series Leucomexicanae) in Mexico; Q. rugosa in Arizona. Galls mature in late autumn; adults emerge from February of the following year, most emerging in March–April.

Distribution. USA: Arizona, Santa Catalina Mtns. Mexico: Guanajuato, Mexico City, Querétaro, State of Mexico, Zacatecas.

Comments. Sequence data for cytb were identical for Mexican and Arizonan individuals (GenBank MW388889 , MZ935715 – MZ935716 ), while ITS2 sequences differed by less than 0.8% ( MZ927178 – MZ927180 ), consistent with these individuals representing the same species, D. receptum .

Figures

FIGURE 209. Druon receptum, comb. rev., galls.

FIGURES 190–193. Druon receptum, comb. rev., asexual female (lighter colour). 190–192, head: 190, frontal view, 191, dorsal view, 192, posterior view. 193, antenna.

FIGURES 194–196. Druon receptum, comb. rev., asexual female (lighter colour). 194, mesosoma, lateral view. 195, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 196, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view.

FIGURES 197–198. Druon receptum, comb. rev., asexual female (lighter colour). 197, fore wing, part. 198, metasoma, lateral view.

FIGURES 199–202. Druon receptum, comb. rev., asexual female (darker colour). 199–201, head: 199, frontal view, 200, dorsal view, part, 201, posterior view. 202, antenna.

FIGURES 203–206. Druon receptum, comb. rev., asexual female (darker colour). 203, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. 204, mesosoma, lateral view. 205, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 206, mesoscutellum, dorsal view.

FIGURES207–208.Druonreceptum,comb.rev.,asexualfemale(darkercolour).207,forewing,part.208,metasoma,lateralview.

FIGURES 216–219. Druon rusticum, comb. rev., asexual female. 216, mesosoma, lateral view. 217–218, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum dorsal view. 219, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view.