Diplazium sylvaticum (Bory) Swartz (1806: 92)

Pongkai, Puttamon, Zhang, Li-Bing, Boonkerd, Thaweesakdi & Pollawatn, Rossarin, 2023, Revision of the fern genus Diplazium (Polypodiales: Athyriaceae) in Thailand, Phytotaxa 631 (1), pp. 1-69 : 58-61

28. Diplazium sylvaticum (Bory) Swartz (1806: 92) . Fig. 34 .

Callipteris sylvativum Bory (1804: 282) .

Type : FRANCE, J. B. G. M. Bory s.n. (holotype P00483043 photo seen!) .

Plants terrestrial. Stems erect, 1.0– 1.5 cm diameter, scaly at apex; scales 5.5–6.0 × 0.4–0.8 mm, linear with long-tail apex, concolorous, dark brown to nearly black, margin toothed. Fronds 50–80 cm, pinnate; petioles 30–50 cm, 5–6 mm diameter, deep green when living, stramineous when dry, lower portion black, glabrous, base scaly. Laminae 20–30 × 15–20 mm, ovate-subdeltoid in outline, terminal pinna not distinct; lateral pinnae 8–11 pairs, 8–12 × 2.0– 4.5 cm, lower pinnae short stalked, upper pinnae sessile or adnate with rachis, subfalcate, apex acuminate, base subtruncate or obtuse, less auricled at acroscopic base, margin crenate to lobed, margin near apex dentate to serrate; veins free, pinnate, 3–4 pairs. Sori 3–5 mm, elongate along veins, often on every veinlet, longest on acrocsopic veinlets of vein group, indusiate; indusia linear, thin, persistance. Spores monolete, 56.0–60.5 × 32–40 μm, bilateral, concavo-convex to plano-convex, perispore present; ornamentation: prominent wing folds.

Thailand: —NORTHERN: Phitsanulok (Thung Salaeng Luang); NORTH-EASTERN: Loei (Phu Kradueng), Uthai Thani (Ban Rai); SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi (Khao Ngi Yai); SOUTH-EASTERN: Chanthaburi (Kao Soi Dao), Trat (Koh Chang); PENINSULAR: Chumporn (Khao Tong), Krabi (Phanom Bencha), Surat Thani (Klong Ton, Ban Don), Phangnga, (Khao Pok), Phuket (Khao Pateaw), Nakhon Si Thammarat (Groong Ching waterfalls, Khao Luang, Khao Nan), Trang (Khao Chong), Satun, Songkhla (Ton Nga Chang waterfalls), Yala (Betong),

Distribution: — India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

Ecology: —On mountain slopes in moist places in dense evergreen forests at low to medium elevations, usually below 1,200 m elev.

Specimens Examined:— THAILAND. Satun, A.F. G. Kerr 14494 (BM); Krabi, A.F. G. Kerr 18667 (BK); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, E. Hennipman 3773 (L); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Groong Ching water falls, J.F. Maxwell 85-1127 (L, PSU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, J.F. Maxwell 85-314 (L); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Nan, J.F. Maxwell 85-314 (PSU); Trang, Khao Chong, M. Tagawa , K. Iwatsuki & N. Fukuoka T5584 (L); Songkhla, Ton Nga Chang waterfalls, N. Putthisawong 83 (PSU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Nan, T. Boonkerd, S. Chantanaorapint & W. Khwaiphan 503 (BCU); Phuket, Khao Pateaw, T. Shimizu et al. T27214 (L). INDIA. Tamil Nadu, V.S. Manickam 32130 (L). INDONESIA. Bengkulu, C.J. Brooks 444 (L); Sumatera Selatan, C.J. Brooks 15860 (L); Java, C.L. Blume s.n. (K); Halimun Salak Mt., C.W. Weiran 360 (PE); Kampung Baru, D.R. Pleyte 448 (K); Papua, L.J. Brass 8826 (L): Maluku, Labillardière s.n. (L); Java, P. Molhuysen s.n. (L). MALAYSIA. Perak, Edwards 3675 (L); Kelantan, Henderson 19498 (BM); Pahang, K. Imin, M.Y. Chew & K. Hisham 76149 (L); Perak, Scortechini s.n. (BM). PHILIPINES. Zamboanga del Sur, E.B. Copeland 1678 (BM); Davao del Sur, Elmer 10971 (BM). PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Port Moresby Owers corner, B.S. Parris & J.P. Croxall 4441 (K); Morobe Dist., S. Parris & J.P. Croxall 8316 (K); ibis., B.S. Parris & J.P. Croxall 9520 (K); Morobe Dist., C. Unkau 45 (K); East New Britain, D.B. Foreman LAE52111 (K); Morobe, J.R. Croft & J.J. Marsh 894 (K); Rambutyo Island, J.R. Croft 1150 (K); Manus Island, J.R. Croft 1197 (K); West Sepik Prov., J.R. Croft 1548 (K); no locality, L.E. Cheesman 54 (K); Morobe, T. Nakaike 439 (K). SRI LANKA. no locality, G. Gardner 34 (BM); Matale, G. H. K. Thwaites 1234 (BM); no locality, G. H. K. Thwaites 1349 (BM); no locality, G. Wall 38/217 (BM); ibis., Gardner s.n. (BM); ibis., I. Manton P 384 (BM); ibis., J. Macrae 882 (BM); Kandy, W.A. Sledge 1037 (BM); Ratnapura, W.A. Sledge 1286 (BM). Note: —This species is similar to Diplazium phanerotis but differs from the latter in having scales with distinctly toothed margins, wider pinnae, and smaller auricle at acroscopic base.

Figures

FIGURE 34. Diplazium sylvaticum (Bory) Sw. A, lamina. B, a part of pinna with sori. C, scale showing toothed and not black marginal cells. P. Pongkai 18 (BCU).