Diplazium pallidum (Blume) T. Moore (1857: 333)

Pongkai, Puttamon, Zhang, Li-Bing, Boonkerd, Thaweesakdi & Pollawatn, Rossarin, 2023, Revision of the fern genus Diplazium (Polypodiales: Athyriaceae) in Thailand, Phytotaxa 631 (1), pp. 1-69 : 35-39

16. Diplazium pallidum (Blume) T. Moore (1857: 333) . Fig. 19 , 20 .

Asplenium pallidum Blume (1828: 177) .

Type: INDONESIA. Java, Blume s.n. (holotype L0051559 !) .

Asplenium crenatoserratum Blume (1828: 177) . Diplazium crenatoserratum (Blume) T. Moore (1857: 121) . Type: INDONESIA. Java, Blume s.n. (lectotype L0051561!; designated by Hovenkamp 2019: 63).

Plants terrestrial. Stems erect, 2.5–4.0 cm diameter, bearing wiry roots, apex scaly; scales 8–10 × 0.5–0.8 mm, linear, concolorous, dark brown to nearly black, margin entire. Fronds 0.73–1.10 m, pinnate; petioles 46–60 cm, 4–5 mm diameter, glabrous, dark brown to black, base scaly. Laminae 27–50 × 25–35 cm, oblong in outline, glabrous, papyraceous, deep green; terminal pinna distinct; terminal pinnae 10–20 × 1.5–3.0 cm, oblong, apex acuminate, margin entire but serrate near apex; lateral pinnae 8–14 pairs, alternate, 15–22 × 1.5–3.0 cm, oblong, subfalcate, apex acuminate, base round or oblique, margin entire but serrate near apex, lower pinnae sessile or shortly stalked; stalks 1–2 mm, lower pinnae longest, upper pinnae suddenly becoming smaller upwards; veins all free, veinlets once forked. Sori 3–5 mm, elongate along veinlets, on acroscopic veinlets of vein groups, indusiate; indusia linear, thin, persistent. Spores monolete, 46.0–52.5 × 26.5–32.0 µm, bilateral, concavo-convex to plano-convex, perispore present; ornamentation: smooth.

Thailand: —PENINSULAR: Nakhon Si Thammarat (Khao Luang, Krung Ching Waterfall).

Distribution: — Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, Papua New Guinea and Australia.

Ecology: —On shady area near streamlets in dense evergreen forests at 600–1,100 m elev.

Conservation Status: —Two population were found at two localities in Thailand. However, it can be found in many countries of Southeast Asia and Australia. Thus, we consider that D. pallidum should be registered as “Least Concern (LC)” according to IUCN Conservation Status ( IUCN, 2012).

Specimens Examined:— THAILAND. Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, P. Pongkai 112 (BCU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Groong Ching waterfalls, P. Pongkai 143 (BCU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, E. Hennipman 3998 (BKF); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, T. Boonkerd & R. Pollawatn 1406 (BCU); ibis., T. Boonkerd & R. Pollawatn 1408 (BCU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, T. Smitinand s.n. (BKF). BRUNEI. A.D. Poulsen 346 (K). INDONESIA. Ruteng, A J.G.H. Kostermans & Wirawan 658 (K); Java, A. MacLeay s.n. (K); Sumbava, A.J.G.H. Kostermans 18125 (K); Mbengen, A.J.G.H. Kostermans 22134 (K); Sumatra, B.J. Brooks 1205 (BM); Seram Maluka, B.S. Parris 11129 (K); Java, C.G. Matthew s.n. (K); Java, C.L. Blume s.n. (K, L); no locality, D. Darnaedi 2067 (K); Sumatra, E. Gardette 300 (K); ibis., E. Gardette 345 (K); Sulawesi, E. Hennipman 5151a (K); Sulawesi, E. Smith 2492 (K); no locality, G.T. de Joncheere 1252 (BM); ibis., G.T. de Joncheere 1300 (BM); Java, H. Zollinger 156 (K); ibis., H. Zollinger 412 (B); no locality, J.A. Lörzing 5549 (K); Gunung Totaniwei, M. Kato C13675 (K); Seram Utara Manusela National Park, M. Kato, B. Sunarno & H. Akiyama C4497 (K); Kalimantan, M. Kato, G. Murata & Y.P. Mogea B3795 (K); Seram Utara Manusela National Park, M. Kato, K. Ueda & U.W. Mahjar C1959 (K); Tehoru, M. Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C14417 (K); Kryyan, M. Kato, M. Okamoto & E.B. Walujo B9168 (K); Java, M. Raciborski s.n. (K); Sumatra, R.E. Holttum s.n. (K); Java, T. Lobb s.n. (K); Sumatra, T.S. Rahmat 221 (K); Bloaang Mongondow, W. Kaudern 40 (BM); Java, W.H. de Vriese 227 (K); ibis., W.H. de Vriese 270 (K); ibis., W.H. de Vriese 585 (K); Java, W.S. Kurtz s.n. (K). MALAYSIA. Pahang, A. Samat bin Abdullah 20902 (K); Salangor, A.G. Piggott 1011 (K); Pahang, B. Molesworth-Allen 4539 (K); Sabah, B.S. Parris & J.P. Croxall 8948 (K); ibis., B.S. Parris & J.P. Croxall 9154 (K); Pahang, B.S. Parris & P.J. Edwards 10421 (K); Sarawak, B.S. Parris 6966 (K); ibis., B.S. Parris 7028 (K); Perak, C. Curtis 1268 (K); Pahang, E. Smith 892 (K); Perak, Fed. Malay States Museum s.n. (K); Sabah, G. Shea & Aban San77222 (K); Pahang, H.N. Ridley 2167 (K); Perak, H.N. Ridley 14209 (K); Perak, J. Day s.n. (K); Pahang, M.R. Henderson 18583 (K); Sabah, R. Jaman 4021 (K); Pahang, R.E. Holttum s.n. (K); ibis., R.E. Holttum SFN24703 (K); Sabah, R.E. Holttum SFN25559 (K). PAPUA NEW GUINEA. New Island, J.R. Croft & M.J.S. Sands, LAE68317 (K); New Island, J.R. Croft 233 (K); New Island, J.R.Croft LAE68414 (K); Buso, K. Palis 26 (K); no locality, N.A. Wakefield 1367 (BM), New Britain, P.F. Stevens & L. Lelean LAE58652 (K), Sepik Lumi River, R.J. Johns s.n. (K). PHILIPPINES. Luzon, A. Loher 905 (K); Luzon, A.D.E. Elmer 9017 (K); Mindanao, A.D.E. Elmer 11325 (K); ibis., A.D.E. Elmer 13885 (K); Luzon, A.D.E. Elmer 18476 (K); Luzon, B.S. Parris 5736a (K); Sulu, F.W. Burbidge s.n. (K); Luzon, H. Cuming 188 (BM, K, L); Camarina, H. Cuming s.n. (K); Luzon, M. Ramos s.n. (K); Luzon, M.G. Price 471 (K).

Figures

FIGURE 19. Diplazium pallidum (Blume) T. Moore. A, whole plant. B, a part of pina with sori. C, scale showing entire and not black marginal cells. T. Smitinand s.n. (BKF).

FIGURE 20. Diplazium pallidum (Blume) T. Moore.A, living plant. B, herbarium specimen.