Pheidole clementensis Gregg

Wilson, E. O., 2003, Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press : 572

Pheidole clementensis Gregg

Pheidole clementensis Gregg 1969b: 93.

Types Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard; Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.

Etymology Referring to the type locality.

Diagnosis A member of the " pilifera complex" of the larger pilifera group; for a characterization of the complex, see under pilifera . P. clementensis is distinguished within the complex by the following combination of traits.

Major: side of head densely rugoreticulate; occiput extensively rugulose; pronotum smooth and shiny, propodeal spine moderately large, acute; postpetiole from above trapezoidal; humerus in dorsal-oblique view low and smooth and shiny.

Closest to californica , from which it differs by its larger size (HW in clementensis about 1.1 mm, in californica major about 0.90 mm) and proportionately smaller eye (major EL/HW 0.13 in clementensis versus 0.20 in californica ). Measurements (mm) Paratype major: HW 1.08, HL 1.18, SL 0.54, EL 0.14, PW 0.54. Paratype minor: HW 0.54, HL 0.56, SL 0.52, EL 0.12, PW 0.30.

Color Major: head dark yellow, with at least occasionally a pair of medium brown spots on vertex, falling on either side of the cephalic midline; rest of body light yellowish brown. Minor: body concolorous dark brown, appendages yellow.

Range San Clemente Island and parts of mainland California (Philip S. Ward, personal communication).

biology Roy Snelling (in Gregg 1969b) reports that P. clementensis is one of the commonest ants on San Clemente Island (especially on the seaward side), where it nests under stones. The minor workers are nocturnal, starting to forage shortly before sundown. They are evidently mostly or entirely granivorous, preferring the seeds of Cassus cretica but also gathering grass seeds and those of a small legume, probably a species of Lotus. The majors form an unusually high percentage of the worker population.

Figure Upper: paratype, major. Lower: paratype, minor. CALIFORNIA: Pyramid Head, San Clemente Island, San Diego County. Scale bars = 1 mm.