Spinonema Larrazábal-Filho, Neres, Da Silva & Esteves, 2019

Jacob, Jini, Rayaroth, Anilkumar Padinjare, Useph, Abdul Jaleel Koovapurath, Philip, Rosamma & Damodaran, Rayaroth, 2020, A novel species Spinonema gracilispiculum sp. n. (Nematoda: Desmodoridae) from the oxygen minimum zone of Eastern Arabian Sea margin, Zootaxa 4869 (4), pp. 587-598 : 589

Genus Spinonema Larrazábal-Filho, Neres, Da Silva & Esteves, 2019

Diagnosis: Desmodorinae . Body cylindrical with well-developed cephalic capsule and short conical tail. Cuticle thick, with vacuoles extending from head capsule to end of tail. Annuli coarse, extending from head capsule to the beginning of tail, not overlapping with each other. Cuticle with lateral C-shaped alae along anterior portion of body; alae present in both sexes, varying in size according to species. Dorsal spine present in some species; when present, always located in pharyngeal region. Longitudinal rows of indistinct or barely visible somatic setae present in pharyngeal region, absent on remainder of body. Cephalic capsule either smooth or partly to entirely ornamented with small vacuoles. Four cephalic setae located in vicinity of fovea amphidialis; subcephalic setae absent. Fovea amphidialis cryptospiral, spiral or multispiral (may vary from 1.25 to 3 turns). Reproductive system monorchic with single outstretched anterior testis situated to left of intestine. Spicules with capitulum. Velum may be present. Precloacal setae may be present. Female reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic with reflexed ovaries.