Lucicutia bradyana Cleve, 1904

Markhaseva, E. L. & Ferrari, Frank D., 2005, New species of Lucicutia and taxonomic status of L. grandis (Copepoda, Calanoida, Lucicutiidae), Journal of Natural History 39 (15), pp. 1077-1100 : 1084-1091

Lucicutia bradyana Cleve, 1904

( Figures 3 –7)

Lucicutia bradyana Cleve 1904, p 204 –206, Plate 6, Figures 33, 34.

Lucicutia flavicornis (non Claus 1863): Brady 1883, p 50 –51, Figure 1 (female only) Lucicutia maxima (non Steuer 1904): Wolfenden 1911, p 318, Figure 60.

Lucicutia grandis (non Giesbrecht 1895): Bradford-Grieve 1999, p 100, Figure 66 (A–E). Lucicutia rara Hulsemann 1966, p 735 –736, Figures 45, 46, 103 (new syn.).

Female

Total length 5.5–6.1 mm. Prosome 1.45–1.60 longer than urosome. Cephalosome with slightly angular or rounded protrusions ( Figure 3A–C ). Rostral rami divergent and widely spaced ( Figure 4A–C ). Genital double-somite with rounded plug ( Figure 4D–F ). Anal somite nearly as long as, or slightly longer than two preceding somites together ( Figure 3A, B, D ), with ventral side significantly swollen ( Figure 4D–F ). Caudal rami in dorsal view 1.25–1.50 times longer than anal somite ( Figure 3A, B, D ) and about 5.8–6.6 times longer

Figure 7. Lucicutia bradyana . Male. P5: (A 1 –C 1) right P5, (A 2 –C 2) left P5. (A 1, A 2) specimen from Indian Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 129; remaining figures, specimens from south-eastern Pacific Ocean, Eltanin cruise 10, station 868. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

than wide. Antennule exceeding body length by about two to three segments. Medial seta on exopodal segment 2 of P5 robust ( Figure 4G–I ).

Male

Total length 5.1–5.2 mm. Prosome 1.28–1.30 times longer than urosome. In some specimens urosome somites distinctively hirsute ( Figure 5A ). Cephalosome with triangular or rounded protrusions ( Figure 5A, B ). Rostrum of moderately divergent, nearly parallel rami ( Figure 5C ). Caudal rami 6.2 times longer than wide. Antennule of 21 articulated segments reaching about the middle length of caudal rami, an indication of a subdivision is visible in segment 18 ( Figure 5E, F ). Length of exopodal segment 1 of right P5 shorter than second. Surface of endopodal segment 2 hirsute. Basipod with knob at mid-length of medial margin; shape of knob variable ( Figures 6A, C , 7A 1 –C 1). Shape of exopodal segment 3 of left P5 elongate, oval-triangular; medial distal part of basipod with elongate projection with variable number of teeth at the tip ( Figures 6B, D , 7A 2 –C 2).

Remarks

Total length of the type specimen is 5.7 mm ( Cleve 1904); largest recorded size of a female is 6.2 mm ( Wolfenden 1911, as Lucicutia maxima ); smallest 5.0– 6.15 mm ( Bradford-Grieve 1999, as Lucicutia grandis ). Total length published for males: 5.2 mm ( Cleve 1904); 4.7– 5.45 mm ( Bradford-Grieve 1999, as Lucicutia grandis ). The characters distinguishing L. bradyana from L. grandis are given above in the remarks for L. grandis . Hulsemann placed L. bradyana in synonymy with L. grandis but mentioned that it ‘‘is doubtfully included in this synonymy’’, and ‘‘ L. bradyana Cleve which is doubtfully referred to L. grandis in this paper…’’ ( Hulsemann 1966, p 717, 721, 736). In the present study, significant variability in P5 structure of males suggests those doubts were justified. Shape of the left and right basipod of male P5 distinguishes L. bradyana from L. grandis , but those shapes vary within a species. Among specimens of L. bradyana studied here is a male whose P5 (Figure 7A 2) is similar to that illustrated by Cleve (1904, Figure 34) in the original description of L. bradyana . Despite this variability, the left basipod of all specimens of L. bradyana has an elongate projection medially with teeth on the tip; right basipod has a distinct knob at mid-length. The medial distal edge of the basipod of the left P5 of L. grandis has a saw-like, toothed margin; the medial edge of the basipod of the right P5 has a small bump.

Lucicutia rara was described from the male gender only, and its similarity to L. bradyana noted ( Hulsemann 1966, p 735–736, Figures 45, 46, 103). The holotype of L. rara (NMNH 113545) and two males identified as L. rara by Hulsemann from Anton Bruun station 355C were re-examined ( Figure 6C, D ) and compared with L. bradyana . That comparison shows that these specimens are conspecific.

Distribution

The type locality of L. bradyana Cleve, 1904 is east of South Africa in the Agulhas Current. The species is recorded from the South Atlantic Ocean between 10 ° S and about 35 ° S (as L. maxima ) by Wolfenden (1911); from the south-western Pacific Ocean (as L. grandis ) by Bradford-Grieve (1999), and now from the Indian Ocean between 19 ° S and 40 ° S

(Table III). Lucicutia bradyana is common in the South Atlantic Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean between 55 ° S and 62 ° S ( Table I) .

Figures

Figure 1. Lucicutia grandis. Female. (A) Habitus, dorsal; (B) anterior part of cephalon, dorsal; (C) same, left lateral; (D) rostrum, anterior; (E, F) urosome, dorsal; (G) same, right lateral; (H, I, J) same, left lateral; (K) P5. (A, B, D, E, G, I, J) Arabian Sea, Thomas Thompson cruise TN050; (C, F, H, K) tropical Indian Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 142. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 3. Lucicutia bradyana. Female. (A, B) Habitus, dorsal; (C) anterior part of cephalosome, right lateral; (D) posterior corners of prosome and urosome, dorsal. (A) South-western Pacific Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 83; (B) Indian Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 129; (C, D) south-eastern Pacific Ocean, Eltanin cruise 10, station 868. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 4. Lucicutia bradyana. Female. (A–C) Rostrum, anterior; (D–F) posterior corners of prosome and urosome, right lateral; (G) P5; (H, I) second and third exopod segments of P5. (A, F, H) South-eastern Pacific Ocean, Eltanin cruise 10, station 868; (B, E, G) Indian Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 129; (C, D, I) south-western Pacific Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 83. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 5. Lucicutia bradyana. Male. (A, B) Habitus, dorsal view (different specimens); (C) rostrum, anterior; (D) 14–16 articulated segments of antennule; (E) 17–18 articulated segments of antennule; (F) 19–21 articulated segments of antennule. (A, C) Indian Ocean, Ob cruise 1, station 129; (B, D–F) south-eastern Pacific Ocean, Eltanin cruise 10, station 868. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 6. Lucicutia bradyana. Male. (A, B) P5, specimen identified by Hulsemann (1966) as Lucicutia rara, Indian Ocean, Anton Bruun cruise 6, station 355C: (A) right, (B) left legs; (C, D) P5, holotype of Lucicutia rara, NMNH 113545. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.