Tachyusa orientis Bernhauer, 1938

Pa ṡnik, Grzegorz, 2006, A revision of the World species of the genus Tachyusa Erichson, 1837 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), Zootaxa 1146, pp. 1-152 : 111-115

Tachyusa orientis Bernhauer, 1938 ( Figs. 112–114)

Tachyusa orientis Bernhauer, 1938: 26 .

Tachyusa reitteri Bernhauer, 1938a: 106 , syn. n.

Tachyusa (Caliusa) chinensis Pace, 1990: 88 , syn. n.

Type material. Tachyusa orientis Bernhauer. Holotype: ♂: Manchuria, Chandaochedzi, 30.VI.1916 ( FMNH).

Tachyusa reitteri Bernhauer. Lectotype (here designated): ♀: Nordwestl. China, Chinkiang, coll. Reitter ( FMNH). Paralectotypes: ♀: Nordwestl. China, Chinkiang, coll. Reitter ( FMNH) ; ♀: Japan, Unzen bei Shimabara, Reitter ( FMNH) .

Tachyusa chinensis Pace. Holotype: ♂: China: Sichuan, Da Zu , VIII.1986, de Rougemont ( MSNV) . Paratypes: ♂ and ♀: same data as the holotype ( MSNV) ; 10♂♂ and 2♀♀: same data as the holotype ( GRPC) ; 4♀♀: China, Luoyang , VIII.1982, de Rougemont ( GRPC) .

Additional material. China: Beijing, 30.X–1.XI.1995, 11 exx ( IZCAS) ; Beijing, Badaling , 9.IX.1980, P. M. Hammond, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; Chinkiang, Reitter , 1 ex ( BMNH) ; 1 ex ( FMNH); 3 exx ( NMPC); Hunan, Changsha , 16.X.1966, P. M. Hammond, 2 exx ( BMNH) ; Shaanxi, S. Xian, Cuihura Shan , ca. 20 m, 19.IX.1980, Hammond, 2 exx ( BMNH) ; Shanxi, 30.V.1997, 17 exx ( IZCAS) . Japan: Aikawa, Ichihara­shi , Chiba Pref., 4.V.1994, K. Ohgi, 2 exx ( ISEA) ; 13 exx ( SINPC); Akigase, Urawa­shi , Saitama Pref., 8.V.1994, K. Ohgi, 27 exx ( SINPC) ; Asobasi, Yatiyo , Chiba, 22.X.1989, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Awomori , 2–9.IX.1880, G. Lewis, 3 exx ( BMNH) ; 2 exx ( CAS); Chiba Pref., Chikura­cho , 26.VI.1994, S. Naomi, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Fudo­Fall, Mount Kiyosumi , Chiba Pref., 6.V.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Fukui, Mount Monju , 19.IV.1975, H. Sasaji, 4 exx ( SINPC) ; Funato­Oohashi, Sakura­shi , Chiba Pref., 14.V.1994, K. Ohgi, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; Furutowa River, Abiko City , Chiba Pref., 26.XI.1989, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Hagiyamaarata, Sakuna City , Chiba Pref., 17.IV.1990, T. Takeda, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Hakodate, G. Lewis, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; Hannou­shi, Saitama Pref , 3.IV.1994, K. Ohgi, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Hizaura, Oshara Town , Chiba Pref., 30.III.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Hongo, Yachiyo­town , Ibaraki Pref., 17.IV.1994, K. Ohgi, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Honshu , Kyoto, VIII.1980, P.M. Hammond, 2 exx ( BMNH) ; Ibaragi Pref., Nakagawa , 8.IV.1978, M. Tao, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Iwakura , Kyoto Pref., 13.VII.1980, T. Ogato, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Iwaubetsu, Shiretoko, Hokkaidon , 9.VII.1986, S. Nomura, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Jinbe Motonomura , Chiba, 22.X.1989, T. Takeda, 6 exx ( SINPC) ; Jinbei­oohashi, Narita City , Chiba Pref., 16.VI.1990, Takeda, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; Kamegasiro, Misaki , Chiba, 11.X.1992, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Kanagawa Pref., Kawasaki­shi, Noborito , 3.V.1978, M. Tao, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Kasumigaseki, Kawagoe­shi , Saitama Pref., 3.IV.1994, K. Ohgi, 1 ex ( ISEA) , 7 exx ( SINPC); Kawasaki , Kanagawa Pref., 10.IV.1994, M. Tao, 4 exx ( SINPC) ; Kaya, Misakicho , Chiba Pref., 26.IV.1994, K. Ohgi, 18 exx ( SINPC) ; Kazusa , Nagasaki Pref., 23.II.1979, S. Tmasaka, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Kitasuga, Narita City , Chiba Pref., 25.III.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Kiushiu, Rost , 1 ex ( CAS) ; Kiwadabata, Kimitsu City , Chiba Pref., 4.IV.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Koshigaya , Saitama Pref., 17.VI.1997, K. Ohgi, 1 ex ( ISEA) ; 17 exx ( SINPC); Kurihashi , Saitama Pref., 10.X.1977, M. Tao, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Kyoto, Hozugawa , 20.IV.1936, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; Kyushu, Mount Unzen , 2000 ft, 20.5.30, Jewis, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; Masuda, Isuni­cho , Chiba Pref., 26.IV.1994, K. Ohgi, 34 exx ( SINPC) ; Mikurashiba, Mobara City , Chiba Pref., 3.VI.1990, Takeda, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; Mount Odami , Ehime Pref., 11–13.VI.1981, S. Naomi, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Mount Kiyosumi , Chiba Pref., 9.IX.1990, T. Kakada, 6 exx ( SINPC) ; Mount Takugo, Kimitsu City , Chiba Pref., 19.VI.1990, Takeda, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; Nagara­Mashi , Chiba Pref., 12.VI.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Nakagawa, Ibaragi Pref. , 7.IV.1998, M. Tao, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Nebukibashi, Noda City , Chiba Pref., 6.IV.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Negina River, Shimousa , Chiba Pref., 21.III.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Nonokuchi , Okayama Pref., 10.V.1981, K. Yoshihara, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Oita, Kiushiu , Reitter, 1 ex ( FMNH) ; Ojyagaike, Togane­shi , Chiba Pref., 5.VI.1993, Ohgi, 6 exx ( SINPC) ; Okayama, Sauter , 2 exx ( FMNH) ; 1 ex ( NMW); Oku­Nikko , Tochigi Pref., 31.V.1994, K. Ohgi, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Osaka, 6–8.VII.1881, G. Lewis, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; VIII.1935, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; Sakura park, Sakura City , Chiba Pref., 15.V.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Sakura River, Niiharu, Ikaragi Pref. , 3.IV.1987, K. Hasa, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Sakura­shi , Chiba Pref., 14.V.1994, K. Ohgi, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Sakuragawa, Isukuba­gan, Ibaragi Pref. , 9.IV.1978, M. Tao, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Salno, Ichihara , Chiba Pref., 4.V.1994, K. Ohgi, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Sapporo , 5– 16.VIII.1880, G. Lewis, 6 exx ( BMNH) ; Shirataki spring, Ilokkaido , 11.VII.1986, S. Nomura, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Sugaanata, Sakae­cho , Chiba Pref., 30.X.1989, Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; 16.VI.1990, T. Takeda, 5 exx ( SINPC) ; Suido­bashi, Shonan Town , Chiba Pref., 8.V.1990, T. Takeda, 10 exx ( SINPC) ; Tama­River, Fuchu, Tokyo­to , 27.IV.1980, M. Tao, 2 exx ( ISEA) ; 2 exx ( SINPC); Tokyo, 24.V.1936, 2 exx ( BMNH) ; 16.III.1937, 1 ex ( BMNH) ; Tomen, Yoro­valey , Chiba Pref., 20.V.1990, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Tomiura To, Awa­gun , Chiba Pref., 14.V.1978, M. Tao, 2 exx ( SINPC) ; Tone River, Toriole­shi, Ibaragi Pref. , 28.VII.1977, 6 exx ( SINPC) ; Tonegawa, Sakaetyo , Chiba, 5.V.1991, T. Takeda, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Totsuka­ku , Yokohama C., Kanagawa Pref., 31.V.1986, M. Tao, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Tsuchiura, Ibaragi Pref. , 23.VI.1984, S. Ohmomo, 2 exx ( ISEA) ; 6 exx ( SINPC); Ueno, Tsukuba City, Ibaragi Pref. , 22.IX.1991, K. Haga, 1 ex ( SINPC) ; Unzen near Shimabara , 1 ex ( FMNH) ; 4 exx ( NMPC); Urawa­shi , Saitama Pref., 16.IV.1994, K. Ohgi, 16 exx ( SINPC) ; 28.IV.1996, K. Kawada, 1 ex ( ISEA) ; 1 ex ( SINPC); Yamadabasiinbamura , Chiba, 17.X.1989, Takeda, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; Yohohama­shi , Kanagawa Pref., 18.IX.1977, M. Tao, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; 23.IX.1987, M. Tao, 3 exx ( SINPC) ; Yokohama, G. Lewis, 2 exx ( CAS) ; 20.III–14.IV.1880, G. Lewis, 3 exx ( BMNH) . North Korea: Gensan , 2 exx ( FMNH) ; 4 exx ( NMPC); Prov. Pyongyang, Sogam­Cosuji Lake , 30.V.1974, 3 exx ( ISEA) ; Prov. Pyongan, Waudo ad Nampho , 12.VI.1974, 2 exx ( ISEA) . South Korea: Fusan , 4 exx ( CAS) ; 2 exx ( FMNH); 2 exx ( NMPC).

Redescription. Body. Length 2.4–3.3 mm, convex, parallel­sided, glossy; body colour dark brown to black; legs reddish yellow, antennae brown with antennomeres 1–3 red, three basal tergites often paler, reddish brow to brown.

Head circular in outline; convex, eyes large, moderately protruding from lateral contours of head, length of each seen from above subequal to that of postocular region; surface of head without microsculpture; puncturation fine and dense. Antennae short, clearly increasing in width apically, antennomere 3 shorter than 2, antennomeres 4–8 longer than wide, antennomeres 9–10 quadrate, antennomere 11 nearly conical.

Pronotum transverse, lateral sides gradually narrowed in straight line to obtuse hind angles; before base with small and shallow transverse impression; surface with obsolete transversely stretched isodiametric mesh microsculpture; puncturation fine, dense and asperate; pubescence at midline directed posteriorly.

Elytra subquadrate, at suture as long as pronotal length at midline; surface lacking microsculpture; puncturation fine, dense and asperate.

Abdomen parallel­sided, bases of tergites 3–5 each with deep transverse impression, impressions with 7–8 longitudinal ridges, tergal puncturation fine and moderately dense, punctures moderately small and well visible, surface without microsculpture.

Male. Aedeagus as in Figs. 112–113.

Female. Spermatheca as in Fig. 114.

Taxonomic notes. An examination of the types listed above, particularly the genitalia, revealed that they are all conspecific. Therefore, Tachyusa reitteri Bernhauer, 1938 (date of publication: September, 1938) and Tachyusa chinensis Pace, 1990 are here synonymised with Tachyusa orientis Bernhauer, 1938 (date of publication: May, 1938), the oldest name available.

Remarks. Tachyusa orientis is very similar to T. coarctata Erichson, 1837 , from which it differs by the wider pronotum, the denser pronotal pubescence, the pronotum with obsolete transversely stretched isodiametric mesh microsculpture and by the shape of genitalia.

Distribution. Tachyusa orientis is an East Palaearctic species. It is known from China, Japan, North and South Korea.