Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830)

Çerçi, Bariş, Karataş, Ahmet & Karataş, Ayşegül, 2021, Insecta non gratae: New Distribution Records of Eight Alien Bug (Hemiptera) Species in Turkey with Contributions of Citizen Science, Zootaxa 5057 (1), pp. 1-28 : 15-17

Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) —Citrus Flatid Planthopper

( Fig. 8 )

Distribution in Turkey ( Map 8 ): Bartın, Düzce, Edirne, İzmir, Kırklareli, Ordu, Sakarya, Samsun, Yalova ( Karsavuran & Güçlü 2004; Güncan 2014; Hantaş et al. 2014; Dursun & Fent 2016; Demir 2018; Yıldız et al. 2018; Tuncer et al. 2020); Bursa, Giresun, İstanbul, Sinop, Zonguldak (this study).

New records by citizen scientists in Turkey: 1. Bursa: Nilüfer, Ürünlü, 29.VII.2016, 17.IX.2018 ( Biçici 2016c; 2018e); 2. Giresun: Bulancak, Samugüney Village, 28.VII.2020, 01.VIII.2020: Ahmet Karataş. 3. İstanbul, 18.VIII.2019 (GBIF.org 2021); 4. Beykoz, 26.VIII.2016 ( Koçak 2016); 5. Sarıyer, Bahçeköy, 28.VIII.2019 ( Güngör 2019b); 6. Sarıyer, Emirgan, 18.VIII.2018 (GBIF.org 2021); 7. Sarıyer, Yeniköy, 27.VI.2006 ( Dağ 2018); 8.

Sakarya: Karasu, 13.VII.2016, 26.VIII.2016 (Eren F. 2016a–b); ibid., 09.VIII.2016 (Eren G. 2016). 9. Samsun: Ondokuzmayıs, Yörükler, 24.VII.2018 ( Karataş 2018b). 10. Sinop (centre), 9.IX.2020 ( Coşkun 2020d). 11. Yalova (centre): Kadıköy, 18.VIII.2019 ( Bacak 2019b). 12. Zonguldak (centre), 07.VII.2016 ( Aşar 2016); 13. Çaycuma, Burunkaya, 08.VIII.2016 ( Yangın 2016b).

Comments: Native distribution of M. pruinosa is in the Nearctic region ( Zangheri & Donadini 1980; CABI 2019). This invasive bug was accidentally introduced from North America to Italy in 1979 ( Zangheri & Donadini 1980). It has now been detected in 19 European countries ( CABI 2019). The species was firstly recorded from İzmir in 2003 ( Karsavuran & Güçlü 2004). It was photographed three years later in 2006 by Saim Dağ from İstanbul ( Dağ 2018). In the following years, it was seen in the Marmara Region and the Black Sea coastal provinces up to Giresun in the east ( Map 8 ). Eighteen records were obtained from 14 localities ( Graph 8 ). Accordingly, it was mostly seen in August (n= 9).

A total of eight hemipteran species were reported from 50 provinces of Turkey. The most common species was Leptoglossus occidentalis reported from 40 provinces. The number of provinces where other species were observed is as follows: Corythucha arcuata (21), Zelus renardii (15), Metcalfa pruinosa (14), Halyomorpha halys (14), Stictocephala bisonia (13), Perillus bioculatus (8), and Corythucha ciliata (6).

The highest diversity of species was in Bursa province where all species except Perillus bioculatus were found. Ankara and İstanbul share second place with six species. There were five provinces with five species (Bolu, Eskisehir, Kırklareli, Samsun, Zonguldak), nine provinces with four species (Amasya, Artvin, Edirne, Giresun, İzmir, Kastamonu, Sakarya, Tekirdağ, Yalova), five provinces with three species (Balıkesir, Bartın, Düzce, Ordu, Trabzon), eight provinces with two species (Antalya, Aydın, Bilecik, Denizli, Muğla, Rize, Sinop, Tokat) and 20 provinces with one species (Adana, Afyonkarahisar, Ardahan, Burdur, Çanakkale, Çankırı, Çorum, Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Erzurum, Isparta, Karabük, Kayseri, Kocaeli, Kütahya, Manisa, Mersin, Niğde, Osmaniye, Uşak) ( Tab. 1 ).

When records in Table 1 are examined, the number of provincial records is 131, 77 of which are presented in the previous literature. A total of 80 provincial records were obtained from citizen science, corresponding to more than those provided by the scientific literature in the intervening 58 years since the earliest record from 1963. Among these, 26 provincial records were previously mentioned in the literature and 50 provincial records are new meaning that the corresponding species was not reported from that province before. When the dates of the records are considered, there are 54 new provincial records in total since four provincial records were obtained by citizen scientists earlier than the previous literature records. These results show that citizen science is an important contributor as a data source, and it provides remarkable contribution for increasing the understanding on expansion of invasive species as well as providing clear picture on their distribution.

Figures

FIGURE 8. Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830), specimen from Samsun.

MAP 8. Distribution of Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) in Turkey

GRAPH 8. Seasonality of Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830), based on records from Turkey.