Toxeus hainan, Wang & Li, 2022

Wang, Cheng & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, A new genus and nine species of jumping spiders from Hainan Island, China (Araneae, Salticidae), ZooKeys 1118, pp. 39-72 : 39

Toxeus hainan sp. nov.

Figs 17 , 18

Type material.

Holotype ♀ (IZCAS-Ar43196), China: Hainan: Lingshui County, Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve (18°43.39'N, 109°51.27'E, ca. 930 m), 10.viii.2010, G. Zheng leg. Paratypes 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar43197), same data as holotype; 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar43198), Ledong County, Jianfengling National Nature Reserve, eastern ravine of Mingfenggu (18°64.69'N, 108°51.59'E, ca. 810 m), 17.xii.2007 morning, S. Li leg.; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar43199), same locality and collector, 18.xii.2007 morning, S. Li leg.; 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar43200), Changjiang County, Bawangling National Nature Reserve, Dong’er Management Station (19°05.75'N, 109°10.56'E, ca. 830 m), 24.xii.2007, S. Li leg.; 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar43201), 5 km ahead of Dong’er Management Station (19°05.19'N, 109°11.80'E, ca. 1010 m), 25.xii.2007, S. Li leg.; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar43202), Wangxia Village, 26.xii.2007, S. Li leg.; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar43203), Qicha Township (19°01.95'N, 109°06.15'E, ca. 700 m), 29.xii.2007, S. Li leg.; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar43204), Dong’er Management Station (19°05.75'N, 109°10.56'E, ca. 830 m), 30.xii.2007, S. Li leg.; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar43205), Qiongzhong County, Limushan National Nature Reserve (19°11.98'N, 109°43.76'E, ca. 580 m), 13.viii.2007, S. Li leg.

Etymology.

The specific name comes from the type locality, Hainan Island; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis.

Toxeus hainan sp. nov. resembles T. latithoracicus (Yamasaki & Huang, 2012) known from Ryukyu Island by having short chelicerae in males, tapered embolus, and similarly shaped RTA, but it can be easily distinguished by the following characters: (1) the presence of proximal processes of the sclerotized portions of copulatory ducts (Fig. 18C, D ), whereas they are absent in T. latithoracicus ( Yamasaki and Huang 2012: figs 12, 13); (2) the spermathecae are ca. as long as wide (Fig. 18A-D ), whereas they are longer than wide in T. latithoracicus ( Yamasaki and Huang 2012: figs 12, 13); (3) the RTA is curved inward distally in ventral view (Fig. 17A ), whereas it is straight in T. latithoracicus ( Yamasaki and Huang 2012: fig. 5); (4) the sternum is> 3 × longer than wide (females only) (Fig. 18G ), whereas it is <2.8 × longer than wide in T. latithoracicus ( Yamasaki and Huang 2012: fig. 11).

Description.

Male (Figs 17 , 18H, J ). Total length 6.83 Carapace 3.38 long, 1.97 wide. Abdomen 3.10 long, 1.31 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.66, ALE 0.35, PLE 0.35, AERW 1.86, PERW 1.98, EFL 1.45. Leg measurements: I 6.89 (2.15, 1.08, 2.05, 1.01, 0.60), II 5.54 (1.65, 0.88, 1.40, 1.01, 0.60), III 5.60 (1.65, 0.75, 1.30, 1.30, 0.60), IV 7.90 (2.35, 0.90, 2.00, 2.00, 0.65). Habitus (Fig. 18H ) similar to that of female except with longer chelicerae, covered entirely by dorsal scutum of abdomen. Palp (Fig. 17A-C ): tibia> 2 × longer than wide, with tapered RTA curved into S-shape in ventral view, curved towards cymbium distally in retrolateral view, and lamellar flange near the base of RTA; cymbium longer than wide, setose; bulb almost round, with sperm duct extending along prolateral sub-margin; embolus flat, coiled ~ 1.5 ×, tapered distally, and pointed apically.

Female (Fig. 18A-D, E-G, I ). Total length 7.82 Carapace 3.73 long, 1.91 wide. Abdomen 3.78 long, 1.64 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.71, ALE 0.41, PLE 0.39, AERW 2.00, PERW 2.05, EFL 1.56. Leg measurements: I 7.01 (2.15, 1.08, 2.13, 1.05, 0.60), II 5.55 (1.65, 0.85, 1.45, 1.00, 0.60), III 6.03 (1.75, 0.80, 1.38, 1.50, 0.60), IV 8.40 (2.35, 1.00, 2.15, 2.15, 0.75). Carapace red-brown, pale yellow in cervical groove, with pair of indistinct dark patches medially on square cephalic region, covered with thin setae. Chelicerae red-brown, with seven teeth on both margins, respectively. Endites> 2 × longer than wide, with dense setae on inner margins of distal 1/2. Labium longer than wide, with dense antero-marginal setae. Sternum fusiform,> 3 × longer than wide. Legs pale to brown, with six and two pairs of ventral macrosetae on tibiae and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, constricted at anterior 2/5, dorsum brown, with indistinct patch medially, covered with thin setae, venter same color as dorsum, with pair of pale patches mediolaterally. Epigyne (Fig. 18A-D ): longer than wide, with pair of round atria posteromedially, and inverted, cup-shaped hood posteriorly; sclerotized parts of copulatory ducts originate posteriorly, slightly curved medially, connect with posterior edges of oval spermathecae, with two pairs of proximal processes; fertilization ducts originate from antero-inner edges of spermathecae.

Distribution.

Only known from the type locality, Hainan Island, China.

Figures

Figure 17. Male palp of Toxeus hainan sp. nov., paratype A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: E - embolus; RTA - retrolateral tibial apophysis; TF - tibial flange.

Figure 18. Toxeus hainan sp. nov., female holotype and male paratype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E holotype habitus, dorsal F ditto, lateral G ditto, ventral H male paratype habitus, dorsal I holotype chelicera, posterior J male paratype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (I, J); 1.0 mm (E-H). Abbreviations: At - atrium; CD - copulatory duct; FD - fertilization duct; H - epigynal hood; S - spermatheca.