Trichoclinocera miranda, Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair, Bradley J., 2016

Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair, Bradley J., 2016, Revision of the Japanese species of Trichoclinocera Collin (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae), Zootaxa 4103 (3), pp. 201-229 : 212-213

Trichoclinocera miranda sp. nov.

( Figs 4 D, 6, 9D, 13D–F, 16D, 17G, H, 18G, H)

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “[MIE: Matsusaka]/ Kushidagawa/ Shôchô/ 10m alt., 34°30'9"N/ 136°30'45"E/ April 14, 2014 / T. SAIGUSA col.”; [HOLOTYPE]/ Trichoclinocera / miranda / Saigusa et/ Sinclair, 2016 [red label]” ( KUMF). PARATYPES: JAPAN. HONSHU. Fukui: Namamori, Obama City [35°28′55″ N 135°44′ 52″E], 2.v.2010, Hisashi Ohishi (1 ♀, KUMF). Mie: same as holotype (50 ♂, 50 ♀, KUMF, CNC); same locality, 30.iv.2013, Y. Shinogi (3 ♂, 4 ♀, KUMF, CNC); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, same locality, 1.v. 2013, Y. Shinogi; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same locality, 3.v.2013, Y. Shinogi ( KUMF); Kushidagawa, Kayumi, Iinan-chô, Matsusaka-shi, 34°27′54.9252″ N 136°23′ 40.3218″E, 7.v.2013, Y. Shinogi (4 ♂, 7 ♀, CNC, KUMF). Wakayama: Arida Rv. (estuary), Arida [34°4′58″ N 135°06′ 27″E], 5.iv.2012, Hiroshi Ohishi (5 ♂, KUMF).

Recognition. Distinguished from other Japanese species by the divergent radial fork, face with median brownish stripe, male fore femur with anteroventral spine-like setae widespread and of various lengths, and clasping cercus parallel-sided.

Description. Wing length 2.9–3.5 mm. Male. Clothed in blue pruinescence except vertex of head, scutum, and dorsum of abdomen brown. Head rounded; compound eyes large, rounded. Face with blue pruinescence, except for slender median brownish stripe; face parallel-sided, slightly wider than width of antennal sockets; lower margin of face with shallow cleft and low carina; gena one-fourth as wide as height of eye. Ocellar bristles longest among cranial bristles; occiput with 2 pairs of bristles posterior to ocellar triangle; postocular with row of short bristles along margin of eye, upper half darker and more stout than lower bristles. Arista-like stylus long and thick. Palpus cylindrical, slender, length less than half height of eye.

Pleura with pale blue pruinescence, lacking distinct pruinescence on scutum; posterolateral corner of scutum near postalar ridge concolorous with surrounding region; prescutellar depression brown; scutum not bivittate. Thoracic setae long, not longer than width of eye; acrostichal setulae lacking; 5 pairs dc; 1 pprn; 1 presut spal; 2 npl; 2 psut spal; 1 pal; 1 pair sctl, lacking setulae on disc; several setae on postpronotal lobe. Laterotergite with patch of pale setae; prothoracic episternum with long pale setae, dark setae on posterior margin of anepisternum; katepisternum with pale setae.

Wing narrow, infuscate ( Fig. 16 D); pterostigma very narrow, faint, parallel-sided. Basal costal seta slightly shorter than length of posterior dc. Row of setulae from base of R to tip of R1; cell dm produced apically; R4 and R5 divergent, basal portion of R4 gently curved, not angularly curved. Halter brown.

Legs uniformly dark, coxae with blue pruinescence. Coxae with long, pale marginal setae. Fore femur ( Figs 17 G, H) with 1 stout anterior bristle in on apical fourth; anteroventral margin with continuous row of stout setae, longest in middle, more slender and pale at base; posteroventral margin with stout seta at apical fourth, 3–4 stout setae at middle, longer than width of femur, base with row of long slender setae, similar in length to middle setae. Fore tibia with biserial row of short, stout setae beneath. Foreleg tarsomeres with pale ventral pubescence. Mid and hind femora with several pairs of preapical antero- and posteroventral setae; lacking anterodorsal and posterodorsal bristles. Hind tibia lacking pair of posterodorsal and anterodorsal basal setae; row of short bristles or preapical bristles lacking. Tarsus length shorter than corresponding tibia. Empodium pulvilliform, slightly shorter than claw, longer than half length of tarsomere.

Hypandrium short, broad, quadrate, slightly larger than epandrium ( Figs 4 D, 9D). Phallus extended to apex of clasping cercus, slightly arched at mid-length; apex with small membranous expansion, not divided into lobes; ejaculatory apodeme nearly straight. Surstylus with membranous apex with fine setae. Clasping cercus finger-like, parallel-sided, with broad, rounded apex; bearing peg-like setae on inner anterodorsal margin.

Female. Similar to male except as follows: setae of fore femur not as stout as in male; lacking long, stout posteroventral setae at middle ( Figs 18 G, H). Similar to T. shinogii sp. nov., but differing as follows: posterior marginal setae of abdominal segment 7 weaker; those of sternum 7 weak and rather pale, not so distinctly grouped sublaterally as in T. shinogii sp. nov.; posterior marginal setae of tergum 8 sparser and those on lateral portions 2–3 in number and mixing several short setulae; sternum 8 as in shinogii ; tergite 10 with 13–17 setae, of which 3–4 setae much stronger than others and distributed on apical half (not exclusively confined to apex), other setae rather weak but most of them weakly curved apically ( Figs 13 D–F).

Distribution. This species is known only from a few localities in central Honshu ( Fig. 6 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet is from the Latin “ mirandus ” (wonderful, strange) in reference to the surprising discovery of this species when the Trichoclinocera fauna of Japan was thought to be well understood. Remarks. See T. shinogii sp. nov. The habitat of this species is the same as that of T. shinogii sp. nov. The adults sit on moist sand close to water of slowly moving rivers, or on pebbles in shallow streamlets partially separated from the main river.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Male terminalia of Japanese species of Trichoclinocera. A, T. fuscipennis Saigusa; B, T. gracilis sp. nov.; C, T. grandis sp. nov.; D, T. miranda sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: cl cerc—clasping cercus; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; hypd—hypandrium; ph—phallus; sur—surstylus.

FIGURE 6. Known distribution of Japanese species of Trichoclinocera: T. gracilis sp. nov. (•); T. miranda sp. nov. (▲).

FIGURE 13. Female terminalia of Trichoclinocera, lateral view. A – C, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Honshu); D – F, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); A, D: lateral aspect posterior from abdominal segment 7; B, E: ventral aspect posterior from abdominal segment 7; C, F: lateral aspect posterior from abdominal segment 8. Scale bars = 0.4 mm, except Figs C and F where scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 16. Male wings of Trichoclinocera spp. A, T. fuscipennis Saigusa (Magaribuchi, Kyushu); B, T. gracilis sp. nov. (Minamata, Kyushu); C, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Yamanashi); D, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); E, T. setigera sp. nov. (Isedaki, Honshu); F, T. shinogii sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); G, T. stigmatica sp. nov. (Hirasawado, Kyushu); H, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku). Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 17. Male left fore femora of Trichoclinocera, anterior (left) and posterior (right) views. A – B, T. fuscipennis Saigusa (Magaribuchi, Kyushu); C – D, T. gracilis sp. nov. (Minamata, Kyushu); E – F, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Honshu); G – H, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); I – J, T. setigera sp. nov. (Ôkanbazawa, Honshu); K – L, T. shinogii sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); M – N, T. stigmatica sp. nov. (Kujûsan, Kyushu); O – P, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Female left fore femora of Trichoclinocera, anterior (left) and posterior (right) views. A – B, T. fuscipennis Saigusa (Magaribuchi, Kyushu); C – D, T. gracilis sp. nov. (Minamata, Kyushu); E – F, T. grandis sp. nov. (Kanayama, Honshu); G – H, T. miranda sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); I – J, T. setigera sp. nov. (Spa Nakabusa, Honshu); K – L, T. shinogii sp. nov. (Kushidagawa, Honshu); M – N, T. stigmatica sp. nov. (Kujûsan, Kyushu); O – P, T. takagii sp. nov. (Ichiu, Shikoku). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.