Sinoalaria cavernicola (Lin, Li & Jaeger , 2014)

Zhang, Jianshuang, Feng, Chengcheng, Yu, Hao & Lin, Yucheng, 2023, A review of the spider genus Sinoalaria (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae), with the descriptions of four new species and two new combinations, ZooKeys 1173, pp. 307-338 : 307

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1173.105123

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F615E079-B193-4B41-8C1D-7E15EDAF954F

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D47A080E-A3B4-54EA-9FFE-5DC9FC8B5F4B

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft (2023-08-08 05:38:51, last updated 2024-11-27 00:12:06)

scientific name

Sinoalaria cavernicola (Lin, Li & Jaeger , 2014)
status

 

Sinoalaria cavernicola (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014) View in CoL

Figs 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 , 17 View Figure 17

Alaria cavernicola Lin, Li & Jäger, 2014: 77, figs 1A-H, 2A-E, 3A-G, 4A, B (♂♀).

Sinoalaria cavernicola : Zhao and Li 2014: 41.

Material examined.

1♂ 10♀, Laos: Ban Kouanphavang Khammouane Province: 30.02 km northeast of Thakhek Town, Tham Kamouk Cave , 17°37.914'N, 104°07.458'E, 193 m, 24.XI.2012, Z. Yao and S. Li leg. GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 5♀, Thailand: Satun Province: Thung wa District, Cave without name-cave A & B, 07°03.966'N, 99°50.478'E, 12 m, 1-3.XII.2013, F. Ballarin leg. GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 8♀, Thung wa District, Cave without name, 07°06.276'N, 99°47.502'E, 25 m, 29.XI.2013, F. Ballarin leg. GoogleMaps

Diagnosis.

Males of S. cavernicola and S. chi sp. nov. share the following features: the proximal process of median apophysis with a blunt and serrated tip, and the distal process of median apophysis with a slightly furcated apex (Figs 3A View Figure 3 , 7A View Figure 7 ) (proximal process not serrated, distal process not furcated in all other Sinoalaria species, including S. chengguanensis and S. navicularis ; Figs 5A View Figure 5 , 9A View Figure 9 ), but can be differ from the latter by: (1) distal process of median apophysis long and narrow, slightly longer and distinctly narrower than base of median apophysis in S. cavernicola (short and wide, slightly shorter and narrower than base of median apophysis in S. chi sp. nov.) (cf. Fig. 3A View Figure 3 and Fig. 7A View Figure 7 ); (2) both rami on distal process of median apophysis distinct, are of equal length, the lower one with a relatively blunt tip in S. cavernicola (the lower ramus tooth-shaped, apex sharp, distinctly longer than the indistinct upper ramus in S. chi sp. nov.) (cf. Fig. 3A View Figure 3 and Fig. 7A View Figure 7 ); (3) embolic base relatively larger, wider than 2/3 of tegulum length in S. cavernicola (relatively smaller, its width ca 1/2 of tegulum length in S. chi sp. nov.) (cf. Fig. 3B View Figure 3 and Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ); (4) embolus relatively shorter, terminating at ca 10 o’clock position both in retrolateral and ventral view in S. cavernicola (distinctly longer, terminating at ca 8 o’clock position in retrolateral view, terminating at ca 4 o’clock position in ventral view in S. chi sp. nov.) (cf. Fig. 3B, C View Figure 3 and Fig. 7B, C View Figure 7 ). Females of S. cavernicola are also similar to those of S. chi sp. nov. by the epigynal plate with a long, completely membranous, rugose scape which distally with a pocket-like hood, and by the similar configurations of vulva (Figs 4E-G View Figure 4 , 8E-G View Figure 8 ), but they can be differentiated by the shapes and the courses of copulatory ducts: the ventral and anterior folds represented by two nearly globular bursae, the dorsal and posterior folds running horizontally, forming only one loop in S. cavernicola (Fig. 4G View Figure 4 ); in contrast, the ventral and anterior folds represented by two oblong bursae, the dorsal and posterior folds represented by a longitudinal loop and a horizontal loop in S. chi sp. nov. (Fig. 8G View Figure 8 ).

Description.

See Lin et al. (2014). Male palp as in Fig. 3 View Figure 3 , epigyne as in Fig. 4E-G View Figure 4 , and habitus as in Fig. 4A-D View Figure 4 .

Distribution.

Laos and Thailand (Fig. 17 View Figure 17 ).

Gallery Image

Figure 3. Male palp of Sinoalaria cavernicola (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Gallery Image

Figure 4. Sinoalaria cavernicola (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014), male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; DPF = dorsal and posterior fold of copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; Sp = spermatheca; VAF = ventral and anterior fold of copulatory duct. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-D); 0.20 mm (E-G).

Gallery Image

Figure 5. Male palp of Sinoalaria chengguanensis (Zhao & Li, 2012) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C embolic division, dorsal view D ventral view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; SCy = setae on cymbium; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Gallery Image

Figure 7. Male palp of the holotype of Sinoalaria chi sp. nov. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Gallery Image

Figure 8. Sinoalaria chi sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; DPF = dorsal and posterior fold of copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; Sp = spermatheca; VAF = ventral and anterior fold of copulatory duct. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-D); 0.20 mm (E-G).

Gallery Image

Figure 9. Male palp of Sinoalaria navicularis (Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; Cy = cymbium; EB = embolic base; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.20 mm.

Gallery Image

Figure 17. Distribution records of the species from genus Sinoalaria.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Theridiosomatidae

Genus

Sinoalaria